The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland
^{Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum}

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland (Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum) form one of the most important surviving bodies of medieval and early modern Scottish administrative records. Published in 23 volumes (1878–1908) by H.M. General Register House, Edinburgh, under editors including John Stuart, George Burnett, Æ. J. G. Mackay, and G. P. McNeill, the series presents the Latin accounts of the Scottish Exchequer from fragmentary material beginning in 1264 (Volume I) through to 1600. These rolls record royal revenues from crown lands, baronies, burgh customs, teinds, and feudal casualties, together with the appointments and activities of chamberlains, custumars, sheriffs, and other officials. They supply an unparalleled window into Scotland’s fiscal machinery, land tenure, economic conditions, and the networks of lairds, merchants, and crown servants who operated within it.

For Guthrie genealogy, the series offers exceptional research value across its full chronological span. The provided index entry already signals direct relevance: a reference to “Guthrie (Guthery)” in connection with the sale of lands of Henry of Ramsay in the barony of Guthrie (p. 590). Similar indexed entries appear throughout the volumes, documenting Guthries as landowners, officials, payers or recipients of sums, witnesses, and parties to transactions in Forfarshire/Angus and elsewhere. These records help establish the family’s early presence in the barony that bears their name, illuminate associations with neighboring families (such as Ramsay), trace possible cadet branches, and reveal the shifting ownership or management of the barony itself over more than three centuries. When cross-referenced with charters, retours, and other primary sources, the Exchequer Rolls supply verifiable anchors for lineage reconstruction, status, and territorial history that few other single collections can match.

VOLUME I: 1264 – 1359

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. I, pp. 589–590

Date: 1359 (account rendered during the chamberlainship of Thomas, Earl of Mar)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Barony of Guthery (also spelled Guthrey), Forfarshire (Angus)

Role:

• Location of lands formerly held by Sir Henry de Ramsay that were sold by Thomas, Earl of Mar (acting as royal chamberlain)

Summary Transcription: Abbreviated from the long chamberlain’s account of Thomas, Earl of Mar. The entry lists fermes due from many lands across Scotland. For the portion of the lands of Sir Henry de Ramsay lying within the barony of Guthery, nothing is charged in this account because the lands had been sold by the Earl of Mar. The sale proceeds (including those from the Guthery portion) are to be charged separately to the Earl, as shown by letters patent produced at the audit.

Modern English Translation: Nor is anything charged for the portion of the land of Sir Henry de Ramsay within the barony of Guthery, because these lands were sold by Thomas, Earl of Mar, the chamberlain, as appears from his own letters patent, which were produced and shown upon the account. For the sale of the land of Baldowry he received six pounds, thirteen shillings, and four pence; and for the said portion of Guthery, fifty-three shillings and four pence sterling — of which sums the same Earl of Mar is to be charged.

Historical Significance: This passage forms part of the royal financial audit (compotus) conducted under David II. It illustrates the crown’s practice of selling or re-granting lands that had come into royal hands (through wardship, forfeiture, or other means) and the careful accounting procedures used to ensure the chamberlain personally accounted for the proceeds of such sales rather than through the ordinary land fermes.

Genealogical Significance: This is one of the earliest explicit references to the Barony of Guthery/Guthrey in the Exchequer Rolls. It confirms that by 1359 the barony was a recognised territorial unit in Forfarshire (Angus) and that at least one portion of land within it had previously belonged to Sir Henry de Ramsay before being sold by Thomas, Earl of Mar. The entry provides valuable evidence of early landholding patterns and transfers involving the barony, helping to anchor the Guthrie place name and territorial identity in the mid-fourteenth century.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Firma terre — the annual rent or ferm due to the crown from lands held in ferme.
• Proparte — a share or portion of lands.
• Litera patens (letters patent) — an official sealed document issued by the chamberlain authorising or recording the sale.
• Compotus — the formal audited account roll presented to the Exchequer.
• Onerandus — to be charged or burdened with a sum in the account. The entry demonstrates the common Exchequer practice of noting why certain expected revenues do not appear in the current roll (because they had been handled by separate transaction and the proceeds were to be charged directly to the responsible officer).

Notes: The spelling of the barony appears here as both “Guthery” and “Guthrey.” The lands in question lay within the barony but were a distinct portion previously associated with the Ramsay family. This entry is useful for cross-referencing with contemporary charters concerning the Ramsay family and the early history of the Barony of Guthrie in Angus. No individual of the surname Guthrie is named in this specific passage; the reference is to the territorial barony itself.

VOLUME II: 1359 – 1379

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. II, pp. 80–81

Date: 1361 (account rendered during the reign of David II)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Hugh of Gothry (Guthrie)

Role:

• Supplier of a horse to King David II

Summary Transcription: Et in solucione facta Hugoni de Gothry, pro vno equo, empto et recepto ad vsum domini nostri regis, vj li. xiij s. et iiij d.

Modern English Translation: And in payment made to Hugh of Gothry for one horse, bought and received for the use of our lord the king, six pounds, thirteen shillings, and four pence.

Historical Significance: This entry appears in the royal chamberlain’s account for 1361 during the reign of David II. It records a direct payment from the crown to an individual for supplying a horse for the king’s personal use. Such entries illustrate the day-to-day logistics of the medieval Scottish royal household and the crown’s reliance on private suppliers for horses and provisions.

Genealogical Significance: This is one of the earliest named references to a Hugh of Gothry (Guthrie) in the Exchequer Rolls. His appearance here as a supplier of a horse directly to King David II indicates that he was a person of sufficient means and standing to conduct business with the crown. The entry helps confirm the presence of the Guthrie/Gothry family in positions of practical service to the monarchy by the mid-fourteenth century, most likely with roots in Forfarshire (Angus).

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

These payments were audited as part of the regular accounting of the royal chamberlain.

Solucione facta — “payment made” (standard phrasing for recording a disbursement).

Ad vsum domini nostri regis — “for the use of our lord the king” (specifies that the horse was acquired for the king’s personal use rather than general administrative purposes).

VOLUME III: 1379 – 1406

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. III, p. 217

Date: 10 February 1389 (account rendered for 4 terms)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Walter de Guthry

Role:

• Bailie of the Burgh of Aberdeen (one of the officials rendering the burgh account)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum burgi de Aberden, redditum apud Abirden. Perth per Walterum de Guthry, unum ballivorum, nomine et ex parte ballivorum dicti burgi, [10 Feb. 1389 : 4 terms].

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Aberdeen, rendered at Aberdeen/Perth by Walter de Guthry, one of the bailies, in the name and on behalf of the bailies of the said burgh, [10 February 1389: 4 terms].

Historical Significance: This entry records the formal rendering of the burgh accounts of Aberdeen by its bailies. Walter de Guthry is named as one of the officials responsible for presenting the account to the Exchequer. Burgh accounts were an important part of royal revenue, and the appearance of a Guthrie in this civic role reflects the family’s growing prominence in urban administration during the late 14th century.

Genealogical Significance: This is a significant early reference to a Walter de Guthry holding the office of bailie of Aberdeen in 1389. It confirms that members of the Guthrie family were active in municipal government and held positions of trust and responsibility in one of Scotland’s major burghs. Note that the index of Vol. III lists a “William of Guthry” as bailie of Aberdeen on this page — the actual text clearly names him as Walter. This may indicate either an indexing error or the existence of more than one Guthrie active in Aberdeen at this time.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

The phrase nomine et ex parte ballivorum indicates he was acting on behalf of the full body of bailies.

Compotum ballivorum — the formal account rendered by the bailies of a royal burgh.

Redditum apud — rendered at (the place where the account was audited).

Bailies were the chief magistrates of a burgh, responsible for its administration and for collecting and accounting for the burgh’s fermes (rents) due to the crown.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. III, p. 260

Date: 17 March 1391 (account covering the period from 20 February 1390 to date — 2 terms)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Walter de Guthry

Role:

• Bailie of the Burgh of Aberdeen (one of four bailies whose account was rendered)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum burgi de Abirdene, videlicet Nicholai de Lydale, Alani de Erth, Walteri de Guthry, et Simonis Lame, redditum per dictum Symonum. [Perth, 17 March 1391, from 20 Feb. 1390 to date : 2 terms.]

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Aberdeen, namely Nicholas de Lydale, Alan de Erth, Walter de Guthry, and Simon Lame, rendered by the said Simon. [Perth, 17 March 1391, from 20 February 1390 to date: 2 terms.]

Historical Significance: This entry records the formal audit of the burgh accounts of Aberdeen before the Exchequer. It names the four sitting bailies, including Walter de Guthry, and shows the standard practice of one bailie rendering the account on behalf of the group. Burgh accounts were a key source of royal revenue, and the regular appearance of the same individuals reflects stability in municipal leadership.

Genealogical Significance: This is the second clear reference to Walter de Guthry serving as a bailie of Aberdeen (see also p. 217). His repeated appearance in this important civic office over at least two years (1389–1391) demonstrates that he was a prominent and trusted figure in Aberdeen’s burgh government. This strengthens the evidence of the Guthrie family’s involvement in urban administration and royal burgh affairs in the late 14th century.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Compotum ballivorum — the official account of the burgh bailies.
• Redditum per dictum Symonum — rendered by the said Simon (standard practice where one bailie presented the account for all).
• Bailies were elected magistrates responsible for the administration, justice, and finances of a royal burgh. Their accounts were audited by the Exchequer to ensure the crown received its share of burgh revenues.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. III, p. 448

Date: 25 April 1398 (account covering the period from 25 May 1397 to date — 2 terms)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Robert de Guthry

Role:

• Bailie of the Burgh of Dundee (one of the officials rendering the burgh account)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum burgi de Dundee; redditum per Robertum de Guthry, unum ballivorum dicti burgi. [Perth, 25 April 1398, from 25 May 1397 to date : 2 terms.]

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Dundee; rendered by Robert de Guthry, one of the bailies of the said burgh. [Perth, 25 April 1398, from 25 May 1397 to date: 2 terms.]

Historical Significance: This entry records the formal presentation of the burgh accounts of Dundee before the Exchequer. Robert de Guthry is named as the bailie who rendered the account on behalf of his colleagues. The account itself deals with fermes due by feu-charter, showing the transition toward more permanent landholding arrangements within the burgh.

Genealogical Significance: This is a clear and important reference to Robert de Guthry serving as a bailie of Dundee in 1398. It demonstrates that members of the Guthrie family continued to hold significant civic office in major Scottish burghs into the late 14th century. Combined with the earlier references to Walter de Guthry as bailie of Aberdeen (1389–1391), this shows the family’s sustained involvement in burgh administration across different regions.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Compotum ballivorum — the official audited account of the burgh bailies.
• Redditum per — rendered by (one bailie presenting the account for the group).
• Ferme by feu-charter — annual payments due from lands held by feu (heritable grant) rather than short-term lease.
• Bailies were the principal magistrates of a royal burgh, responsible for its governance and financial obligations to the crown.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. III, p. 579

Date: 18 June 1403 (account covering the period from 10 July 1402 to date — 2 terms)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Robert de Guthery

Role:

• Bailie of the Burgh of Dundee (one of the surviving bailies rendering the account during a plague outbreak)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum burgi de Dunde, redditum apud Dunde. Pertht per Robertum de Guthery, unum dictorum ballivorum, aliis ballivis absentibus quia sunt mortui in pestilencia, [18 June 1403, from 10 July 1402 to date : 2 terms].

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Dundee, rendered at Dundee by Robert de Guthery, one of the said bailies, the other bailies being absent because they had died in the pestilence, [18 June 1403, from 10 July 1402 to date: 2 terms].

Historical Significance: This is a particularly striking entry. It shows that Dundee was suffering from a serious outbreak of plague (“pestilencia”) around 1402–1403, which killed several of the town’s bailies. Robert de Guthery was one of the few who survived and was responsible for rendering the burgh’s accounts. This provides rare contemporary evidence of the impact of plague on Scottish burgh administration in the early 15th century.

Genealogical Significance: This is the second clear reference to Robert de Guthery as bailie of Dundee (see also p. 448). His continued service in this office, even during a deadly plague outbreak, suggests he was a prominent and resilient figure in the town. These two entries (448 and 579) firmly establish Robert de Guthery as a significant civic office-holder in Dundee at the turn of the 14th/15th centuries.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Compotum ballivorum — the formal audited account of the burgh bailies.
• Redditum per — rendered by (one bailie presenting the account).
• Aliis ballivis absentibus quia sunt mortui in pestilencia — “the other bailies being absent because they had died in the plague.” This is a rare and valuable direct reference to plague mortality affecting burgh officials.
• Bailies remained responsible for rendering accounts even under difficult circumstances.

VOLUME IV: 1406 – 1436

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IV, p. 399

Date: 22 May 1425 (account covering the period from Whitsunday 1424 to date)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Alexander de Guthry (also referred to as Master Alexander of Guthry)

Role:

• One of the bailies of the Burgh of Forfar (rendering the burgh account on behalf of his colleagues)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum burgi de Forfar, redditum apud Forfar. Strivilyne per Alexandrum de Guthry nomine dictorum ballivorum, [22 May 1425, from Whitsunday 1424 to date].

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Forfar, rendered at Stirling by Alexander de Guthry on behalf of the said bailies, [22 May 1425, from Whitsunday 1424 to date].

Historical Significance: This entry shows that the bailies of Forfar were rendering their accounts before the Exchequer at Stirling rather than at Forfar itself. Alexander de Guthry is acting as the representative of the bailies. The account deals with fermes due by feu-charter, reflecting the growing use of heritable land tenure in Scottish burghs during this period.

Genealogical Significance: This is the second confirmed reference to Alexander de Guthry (Master Alexander of Guthry) serving as a bailie of Forfar. Combined with the entry on p. 551, it confirms that he was a recurring and prominent figure in the administration of Forfar over several years (at least 1425 and 1431). His repeated appearance in this role, along with the title “Master,” suggests he was a man of education and standing in the local community.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Compotum ballivorum — the formal audited account of the burgh bailies.
• Nomine dictorum ballivorum — “in the name of the said bailies” (one bailie presenting the account for the group).
• Ferme by feu-charter — annual payments from lands held heritably under feu tenure.
• It was common for burgh accounts to be rendered at a central location (in this case Stirling) rather than always in the burgh itself.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IV, p. 423

Date: 26 April 1426 (account covering the period from Whitsunday 1425 to date)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Alexander de Guthry (Master Alexander of Guthry)

Role:

• One of the bailies of the Burgh of Forfar (rendering the burgh account on behalf of his colleagues)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum burgi de Forfar, [Edinburgh, 26 April 1426] per Alexandrum de Guthry nomine dictorum ballivorum, [from Whitsunday 1425 to date].

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Forfar, [rendered in Edinburgh on 26 April 1426] by Alexander de Guthry on behalf of the said bailies, [from Whitsunday 1425 to date].

Historical Significance: This entry records another instance of the Forfar burgh accounts being rendered before the Exchequer, this time in Edinburgh. Alexander de Guthry is again acting as the representative of the bailies. The account includes various royal charges, including contributions to the king’s finance and expenses related to the royal household (such as charcoal sent to the queen and equipment for royal messengers).

Genealogical Significance: This is the third confirmed reference to Alexander de Guthry (Master Alexander of Guthry) serving as a bailie of Forfar within a relatively short period (1425, 1426, and 1431). His repeated appearance in this role across multiple years demonstrates that he was a consistent and trusted figure in the administration of Forfar during the 1420s and early 1430s.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Compotum ballivorum — the formal audited account of the burgh bailies.
• Nomine dictorum ballivorum — “in the name of the said bailies.”
• The rendering of burgh accounts at central locations (Edinburgh or Stirling) rather than always in the burgh itself was a common administrative practice.
• Various royal charges and household expenses were often deducted from burgh revenues before the final balance was struck.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IV, p. 464

Date: 8 May 1428 (account covering the period from Whitsunday 1427 to date — 2 terms)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master Alexander de Guthry (also styled Alexander Guthry)

Role:

• King’s Receiver (receptore regis) — responsible for receiving and accounting for royal revenues, specifically the annuity due to the Bishop of Brechin from the fermes of Montrose

Summary Transcription: …in plenam solucionem dicte pensionis, magistro Alexandro de Guthry, receptore regis, recipiente et fatente receptum super compotum, xij li. v s. iiij d., de quibus respondebit. [To Prior of Rostynot, as p. 32, £2 12s. Sum, £14 17s. 4d.] Sic debet xxiij s. viij d., quam summam solvit magistro Johanni Wynchester…

Modern English Translation: …in full payment of the said pension, to Master Alexander de Guthry, the King’s Receiver, receiving and acknowledging receipt upon the account, twelve pounds, five shillings, and four pence, for which he will answer. [To Prior of Rostynot, as p. 32, £2 12s. Sum, £14 17s. 4d.] Thus he owes twenty-three shillings and eight pence, which sum Master John Wynchester paid…

Historical Significance: This entry shows Master Alexander de Guthry acting in a royal administrative capacity rather than a purely burgh one. As King’s Receiver, he was responsible for collecting and accounting for certain royal revenues — in this case, the annuity (pension) owed to the Bishop of Brechin from the fermes of the burgh of Montrose. The phrase “de quibus respondebit” indicates that he personally had to answer for these funds at the Exchequer.

Genealogical Significance: This is an important additional role for Master Alexander de Guthry. While we have already seen him serving as a bailie of Forfar on multiple occasions (pp. 399, 423, 551), here he appears as a royal financial officer handling crown revenues. This suggests he held a position of broader trust and responsibility beyond his local burgh duties. It reinforces his status as an educated and capable administrator in the service of both the burgh of Forfar and the crown.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Receptore regis — King’s Receiver (a royal official responsible for collecting and accounting for specific revenues).
• Respondebit — “he will answer” (meaning he is personally accountable for the funds at the audit).
• Pensionis / annua — an annual payment or annuity due to a bishop or other ecclesiastical figure from burgh revenues.
• It was common for the crown to assign portions of burgh fermes to support bishops, religious houses, or royal servants.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IV, p. 487

Date: 14 April 1429 (account covering the period from 30 April 1428 to date)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master Alexander de Guthry

Role:

• One of the bailies of the Burgh of Forfar (rendering the burgh account on behalf of his colleagues)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum burgi de Forfare, [Perth, 14 April 1429,] per magistrum Alexandrum de Guthry nomine ballivorum dicti burgi, videlicet Johannis Grant et Johannis de Louthiane, [from 30 April 1428 to date].

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Forfar, [rendered at Perth on 14 April 1429,] by Master Alexander de Guthry on behalf of the bailies of the said burgh, namely John Grant and John de Louthiane, [from 30 April 1428 to date].

Historical Significance: This entry provides further evidence of Master Alexander de Guthry’s ongoing role as a bailie of Forfar. The account was rendered at Perth, and the text specifically names the other two bailies (John Grant and John de Louthiane), showing that Alexander was acting as their representative. The account continues to deal with fermes due by feu-charter.

Genealogical Significance: This is the fourth confirmed reference to Master Alexander de Guthry serving as a bailie of Forfar (previously seen on pp. 399, 423, and 551). His repeated election or appointment to this office over several years (at least 1425–1429) indicates that he was a well-established and respected figure in Forfar’s civic leadership during the reign of James I.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Compotum ballivorum — the formal audited account of the burgh bailies.
• Nomine ballivorum dicti burgi — “on behalf of the bailies of the said burgh.”
• It was common for one bailie to present the account for the whole group.
• The naming of the other bailies in the text is useful for identifying Alexander’s colleagues in burgh government.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IV, p. 521

Date: From 13 April 1429 to date (account rendered locally in Forfar)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master Alexander de Guthry

Role:

• One of the bailies of the Burgh of Forfar (rendering the burgh account on behalf of his colleagues)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum burgi de Forfare, redditum loco, Forfare, die, mense, et anno prescriptis, per magistrum Alexandrum de Guthry nomine dictorum ballivorum, [from 13 April 1429 to date].

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Forfar, rendered locally in Forfar on the day, month, and year written above, by Master Alexander de Guthry on behalf of the said bailies, [from 13 April 1429 to date].

Historical Significance: This entry is notable because the account was rendered locally in Forfar rather than at a central location such as Perth or Edinburgh (as seen in some of the earlier entries). Master Alexander de Guthry is again acting as the representative of the bailies. The account continues to record fermes due by feu-charter.

Genealogical Significance: This is the fifth confirmed reference to Master Alexander de Guthry serving as a bailie of Forfar in Volume IV (previously processed on pp. 399, 423, 487, and 551). His repeated appearance in this office over multiple years (1425–1429) shows that he was a stable and trusted member of Forfar’s civic leadership during the reign of James I.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Compotum ballivorum — the formal audited account of the burgh bailies.
• Redditum loco, Forfare — “rendered locally in Forfar” (unusual, as many burgh accounts were rendered at central Exchequer locations).
• Nomine dictorum ballivorum — “on behalf of the said bailies.”
• The ability to render accounts locally may reflect either administrative convenience or specific circumstances in this particular year.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IV, p. 551

Date: 26 April 1431 (account covering the period from 20 March 1429 to date)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Alexander de Guthre

Role:

• One of the bailies of the Burgh of Forfar (rendering the burgh account)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum burgi de Forfar, redditum apud Forfare. Perth per Alexandrum de Guthre nomine dictorum ballivorum, [26 April 1431, from 20 March 1429 to date].

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Forfar, rendered at Forfar by Alexander de Guthre on behalf of the said bailies, [26 April 1431, from 20 March 1429 to date].

Historical Significance: This entry records the formal rendering of the burgh accounts of Forfar. Alexander de Guthre is acting as the representative of the bailies. By this period (early 15th century), many burghs were moving toward more stable, heritable forms of landholding (feu-charters), which is reflected in the “fermes by feu-charter” section of the account.

Genealogical Significance: This is a clear reference to an Alexander de Guthre serving as a bailie of Forfar in 1431. Forfar was the county town of Forfarshire (Angus), so this places a member of the Guthrie family in a position of local authority in the heart of the region most closely associated with the family. It continues the pattern we have seen of Guthries holding bailie offices in major burghs (Aberdeen, Dundee, and now Forfar) during the 14th and early 15th centuries.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

Bailies were the chief magistrates of royal burghs and were responsible for collecting and accounting for revenues owed to the crown.

Compotum ballivorum — the official audited account of the burgh bailies.

Nomine dictorum ballivorum — “on behalf of the said bailies” (one bailie presenting the account for the group).

Ferme by feu-charter — annual payments due from lands held heritably by feu rather than on short-term lease.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IV, p. 635

Date: 9 July 1435 (account covering the period from 29 May 1434 to date — 3 terms)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master Alexander de Guthry (also styled Alexander Guthry)

Role:

• One of the bailies of the Burgh of Forfar (rendering the burgh account on behalf of his colleagues)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum burgi de Forfare, redditum apud Forfare. Strivilyne per magistrum Alexandrum Guthry, nomine dictorum ballivorum, [9 July 1435, from 29 May 1434 to date : 3 terms].

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Forfar, rendered at Forfar. At Stirling by Master Alexander Guthry, on behalf of the said bailies, [9 July 1435, from 29 May 1434 to date: 3 terms].

Historical Significance: This is the final indexed appearance of Master Alexander de Guthry as a bailie of Forfar in Volume IV. The account was rendered at Stirling, and it covers a three-term period. As in previous entries, the account records fermes due by feu-charter and various discharges against those revenues.

Genealogical Significance: This is the sixth and final confirmed reference in Volume IV to Master Alexander de Guthry serving as a bailie of Forfar. His consistent presence in this role across more than a decade (at least 1425–1435) demonstrates that he was one of the most prominent and long-serving civic leaders in Forfar during the reign of James I. The repeated election or appointment of the same individual to the office of bailie was relatively uncommon and points to his high standing in the community.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Compotum ballivorum — the formal audited account of the burgh bailies.
• Nomine dictorum ballivorum — “on behalf of the said bailies.”
• Rendering accounts at central locations (such as Stirling) was a common administrative practice, even when the burgh itself was relatively close.
• The consistent use of feu-charter fermes reflects the gradual shift toward heritable landholding in Scottish burghs during this period.

VOLUME V: 1437 – 1454

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. V, pp. 8–9

Date: 1437

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• William Guthry (his wife received an annual rent)

Role:

• Recipient of an annual rent (through his wife) from royal revenues

Summary Transcription: Et pro quodam annuo redditu debito cuidam capelle et sponse Willelmi Guthry, sub periculo compotantis, de anno compoti, iij li.

Modern English Translation: And for a certain annual rent due to a certain chapel and to the wife of William Guthry, at the risk of the accountant, for the year of the account, three pounds.

Historical Significance: This entry appears in the “Compota Ballivorum ad Extra” section for 1437. It records a payment of an annual rent (annuity) that was due partly to a chapel and partly to the wife of William Guthry. The phrase “sub periculo compotantis” indicates that the accountant was personally responsible for this payment. Such annuities were commonly granted by the crown from burgh or land revenues.

Genealogical Significance: This is the first Guthrie entry in Volume V. It refers to a William Guthry whose wife was in receipt of a royal annuity. While the entry is brief, it confirms the continued presence of the Guthrie family in positions where they received income from the crown in the mid-15th century. This William may be connected to earlier Guthries who held land or office in Angus or neighbouring areas.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Annus redditus — annual rent or annuity.
• Sub periculo compotantis — “at the risk of the accountant” (the person rendering the account was personally liable if the payment was not properly made).
• It was common for the crown to assign portions of its revenues (from burgh fermes or land) to support chapels, religious institutions, or individuals (including widows or wives of royal servants).

Notes: This entry matches the index reference to “William of, annualrent to wife of, 9.” It is a relatively minor financial entry but useful for tracing the Guthrie family’s connections to royal patronage and land-based income in the 1430s.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. V, p. 103

Date: 22 August 1441 (account covering the period from 3 July 1438 to date — 3 years)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• David de Guthry

Role:

• One of the bailies of the Burgh of Dundee (rendering the burgh account on behalf of his colleagues)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum burgi de Dunde, redditum apud Dunde. Strivilyne per David de Guthry nomine dictorum ballivorum, [22 August 1441, from 3 July 1438 to date: 3 years].

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Dundee, rendered at Dundee. At Stirling by David de Guthry on behalf of the said bailies, [22 August 1441, from 3 July 1438 to date: 3 years].

Historical Significance: This entry records the formal rendering of the Dundee burgh accounts before the Exchequer. David de Guthry is acting as the representative of the bailies for a three-year period. The account includes the usual fermes by feu-charter and various discharges to religious institutions and individuals.

Genealogical Significance: This is the first clear reference in Volume V to a David de Guthry serving as a bailie of Dundee. While we have previously seen Master Alexander de Guthry active in Forfar and Banff, this entry introduces a different member of the family holding civic office in Dundee during the 1440s. It shows the continued involvement of the Guthrie family in burgh administration across multiple generations and locations.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Compotum ballivorum — the formal audited account of the burgh bailies.
• Nomine dictorum ballivorum — “on behalf of the said bailies.”
• It was common for one bailie to present the multi-year account for the group during the Exchequer audit.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. V, p. 353

Date: 19 July 1449 (account covering the period from 17 September 1448 to date)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master Alexander de Guthre (Guthry)

Role:

• One of the bailies of the Burgh of Banff (rendering the burgh account on behalf of his colleagues)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum de Banff, redditum apud Linlithqw Banff per magistrum Alexandrum de Guthre nomine dictorum ballivorum, [19 July 1449, from 17 September 1448 to date].

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Banff, rendered at Linlithgow by Master Alexander de Guthre on behalf of the said bailies, [19 July 1449, from 17 September 1448 to date].

Historical Significance: This entry shows that Master Alexander de Guthry continued to hold the office of bailie well into the mid-15th century, now in the burgh of Banff rather than Forfar (where he had served extensively in the 1420s and 1430s). The account was rendered at Linlithgow, following the common practice of centralising burgh audits.

Genealogical Significance: This is a significant later reference to Master Alexander de Guthry. After many years serving as bailie of Forfar (documented across Volumes IV and now into Volume V), he appears here as a bailie of Banff in 1449. This suggests either that he had moved or taken on responsibilities in another burgh, or that he held office in multiple locations over his career. It reinforces his status as one of the most prominent and long-active Guthrie individuals in civic administration during the 15th century.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Compotum ballivorum — the formal audited account of the burgh bailies.
• Nomine dictorum ballivorum — “on behalf of the said bailies.”
• It was standard practice for one bailie to present the account for the whole group during the Exchequer audit.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. V, p. 464

Date: 1451 (context of the account)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• John Guthry

Role:

• Recipient of a payment by royal mandate

Summary Transcription: Et per solucionem factam Johanni Guthry, de mandato regis, per literas sub signo de precepto, pro brasio ab eo empto et liberato magistro Johanni Spalding, tunc computorum rotulatori, ad expensas regis, viij li. v s., de quibus dictus Spalding respondebit.

Modern English Translation: And by payment made to John Guthry, by the king’s mandate, by letters under the sign manual by precept, for malt bought from him and delivered to Master John Spalding, then Comptroller of the Rolls, for the king’s expenses, eight pounds and five shillings, for which the said Spalding will answer.

Historical Significance: This entry records a payment authorized directly by the king to John Guthry for malt that was purchased and delivered for royal use. The transaction was handled through the royal household administration (via the Comptroller of the Rolls). Such payments show how the crown acquired supplies through local merchants or suppliers under royal warrant.

Genealogical Significance: This is the first reference in Volume V to a John Guthry receiving payment from the crown. While we have seen other Guthries (such as Master Alexander and David de Guthry) holding civic offices like bailie, this entry shows a John Guthry operating in a commercial capacity, supplying goods (malt) to the royal household. It adds another dimension to the family’s activities in the mid-15th century.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• De mandato regis — “by the king’s mandate/command.”
• Per literas sub signo de precepto — by letters under the sign manual by precept (formal royal authorization).
• Brasium — malt (used for brewing).
• Computorum rotulatori — Comptroller of the Rolls (a senior royal financial official).
• Payments for royal household supplies were often made under direct royal warrant and accounted for separately.

VOLUME VI: 1455 – 1460

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VI, p. 136

Date: 21 September 1456 (account covering the period from 18 July 1455 to date)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• David Guthre

Role:

• One of the bailies of the Burgh of Dundee (rendering the burgh account on behalf of his colleagues)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum burgi de Dunde, [Edinburgh, 21 September 1456,] per David Guthre nomine ballivorum dicti burgi, [from 18 July 1455 to date].

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Dundee, [rendered in Edinburgh on 21 September 1456,] by David Guthre on behalf of the bailies of the said burgh, [from 18 July 1455 to date].

Historical Significance: This entry shows the continued administration of Dundee’s burgh revenues. David Guthre is acting as the representative of the bailies during the audit. The account records the usual fermes by feu-charter and various payments to religious institutions and nobles.

Genealogical Significance: This is a later reference to David Guthre serving as a bailie of Dundee. We previously saw him in the same role in Volume V (p. 103) in 1441. His reappearance here in 1456 indicates that he continued to hold this civic office over a period of at least 15 years. This demonstrates long-term stability and prominence of the Guthrie family in Dundee’s municipal government during the mid-15th century.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

It was standard for one bailie to present the account for the group at the Exchequer audit.

Compotum ballivorum — the formal audited account of the burgh bailies.

Nomine ballivorum dicti burgi — “on behalf of the bailies of the said burgh.”

VOLUME VII: 1460 – 1469

All Primary Guthrie-Focused Entries:

David Guthrie – Treasurer Role (Consolidated Entries)

David Guthrie – Comptroller Role (Consolidated Entries)

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII, p. 61

Date: 1461

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthry (magistro David Guthry, receptori domini regis)

Role:

• Receiver of the Lord King (receptori domini regis)

Summary Transcription: Et per liberacionem factam magistro David Guthry, receptori domini regis, de firmis terrarum de Kingkellis, quas occupat Johannes Strang, clavier, in feodo suo de anno computi, xviij lt, pro quibus idem magister David respondebit.

Modern English Translation: And by delivery made to Master David Guthry, receiver of the lord king, from the fermes of the lands of Kingkellis, which John Strang, clavier, occupies in his feu for the year of the account, eighteen pounds, for which the same Master David will answer.

Historical Significance: This page provides one of the earliest references to Master David Guthry holding a royal financial office. He is explicitly named as Receiver of the Lord King (receptori domini regis) and is accountable for the fermes of the lands of Kingkellis. Several other “Respondebit magister David Guthry” notations appear on the same page for additional land fermes, indicating he was already handling multiple royal revenues by this date.

Genealogical Significance: This is a significant early reference showing that David Guthry was already serving in a national financial role as King’s Receiver in 1461 — the same year he is also documented as Treasurer on other pages. It helps establish the timeline of his rise through royal administration before his more prominent tenure as Treasurer.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Receptori domini regis — Receiver of the Lord King (a royal financial officer responsible for collecting and accounting for revenues from specific lands).
• Respondebit — standard notation that the named individual is personally accountable for the sums at audit.

Notes: This page (p. 61) is one of the earliest and most substantive mentions of David Guthry in a royal financial capacity. It predates or coincides with his appointment as Treasurer and shows him actively managing crown land revenues.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII, p. 245

Date: 1464

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistri David Guthre, thesaurarii)

Role:

• Treasurer of Scotland, personally involved in assessing and letting crown lands

Summary Transcription: Expensis magistri David Guthre, thesaurarii, et magistri Johannis Spaldyn, equitantium in assedando terras infra balliam de Strivelin per duos dies… [To Treasurer for household, £84 9s. 6d.]

Modern English Translation: For the expenses of Master David Guthre, the Treasurer, and Master John Spaldyn, riding to assess lands within the bailiary of Stirling for two days… [To Treasurer for household, £84 9s. 6d.]

Historical Significance: This entry shows that David Guthre, as Treasurer, was actively involved in the practical administration of crown lands. He and Master John Spaldyn spent two days assessing and letting lands in the Stirling area. The Treasurer personally examined and signed off on the expenses for this trip. This demonstrates that his role extended beyond pure financial accounting into hands-on land management on behalf of the crown.

Genealogical Significance: This is a useful substantive reference to David Guthre’s activities as Treasurer. It shows him performing an important administrative function — traveling to assess and lease royal lands — rather than simply receiving or accounting for funds. This aligns with the index notes regarding him letting crown lands near Stirling (pp. 245 and 345).

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Assedando terras — assessing / letting lands (a key part of managing crown property and revenues).
• Thesaurarii subscripta — signed/subscribed by the Treasurer.
• It was common for the Treasurer or his deputies to personally oversee the leasing of royal lands.

Notes: This page confirms that David Guthre was directly involved in the leasing of crown lands near Stirling in 1464. It adds depth to our understanding of his responsibilities as Treasurer beyond routine financial transactions.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII, p. 378

Date: 21 August 1465 (account covering the period from 21 June 1464)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• William Guthre

Role:

• One of the bailies of the Burgh of Forfar (rendering the burgh account on behalf of his colleagues)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum burgi de Forfare, [Stirling, 21 August 1465, from 21 June 1464,] per Willelmum Guthre, nomine ballivorum dicti burgi.

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Forfar, [rendered at Stirling on 21 August 1465, from 21 June 1464,] by William Guthre on behalf of the bailies of the said burgh.

Historical Significance: This entry records the formal rendering of the Forfar burgh accounts before the Exchequer. William Guthre is acting as the representative of the bailies. The account continues the pattern of fermes due by feu-charter, with discharges to the Prior of Rostinot and the chaplain of Fynnevin.

Genealogical Significance: This is a clear reference to William Guthry serving as a bailie of Forfar in 1465. It adds to our understanding of Guthrie family involvement in Forfar’s civic leadership during the 1460s, following earlier appearances of other family members in similar roles in previous volumes.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Compotum ballivorum — the formal audited account of the burgh bailies.
• Nomine ballivorum dicti burgi — “on behalf of the bailies of the said burgh.”
• It was standard for one bailie to present the account for the group during the Exchequer audit.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII, p. 436

Date: 3 July 1466 (account covering the period from 21 August 1465)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• William Guthre

Role:

• One of the bailies of the Burgh of Forfar (rendering the burgh account on behalf of his colleagues)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum burgi de Forfare, redditum apud Linlithqw per Willelmum Guthre nomine ballivorum, [3 July 1466, from 21 August 1465].

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Forfar, rendered at Linlithgow by William Guthre on behalf of the bailies, [3 July 1466, from 21 August 1465].

Historical Significance: This entry records the continuing administration of Forfar’s burgh revenues. William Guthre is again acting as the representative of the bailies during the Exchequer audit. The account follows the established pattern of fermes due by feu-charter, with the usual discharges to the Prior of Rostynot and the chaplain of Finevin.

Genealogical Significance: This is the second consecutive year we see William Guthry serving as a bailie of Forfar (previously documented on p. 378 in 1465). His repeated appearance in this role over multiple years indicates that he was a stable and trusted figure in Forfar’s civic leadership during the mid-1460s.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Compotum ballivorum — the formal audited account of the burgh bailies.
• Nomine ballivorum — “on behalf of the bailies.”
• Rendering accounts at central locations (such as Linlithgow or Stirling) was standard practice.

Notes: This entry further confirms William Guthry’s ongoing service as bailie of Forfar.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII, p. 513

Date: 1 June 1467 (account covering the period from 2 July 1466)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Malcolm Guthre (bailie of Dundee)
• Guthre, rotulator (Clerk of the Rolls)

Role:

• Malcolm Guthre: One of the bailies of the Burgh of Dundee
• Guthre, rotulator: Clerk of the Rolls (accountability officer)

Summary Transcription: Compotum ballivorum burgi de Dunde, redditum apud Dunde. Perth per Malcolomum Guthre, unum ballivorum ejusdem… Respondebit Guthre, rotulator.

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Dundee, rendered at Dundee. At Perth by Malcolm Guthre, one of the bailies of the same… Guthre, the Clerk of the Rolls, will answer.

Historical Significance: This page records the Dundee burgh account being presented by Malcolm Guthre as one of the bailies. At the end of the account, a Guthry serving as rotulator (Clerk of the Rolls) is noted as the accountable officer for the record.

Genealogical Significance: This page contains two Guthry references:

• Malcolm Guthre serving as bailie of Dundee.
• A Guthry holding the office of rotulator (Clerk of the Rolls). This is a distinct administrative role and likely refers to a different individual from Malcolm or David Guthre.

Notes: The marginal note “Respondebit Guthre, rotulator” indicates that a member of the Guthry family was serving as Clerk of the Rolls in 1467.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII, p. 539

Date: 1468

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master Alexander Guthre

Role:

• Chamberlain and Receiver (camerarium et receptorem) of certain crown lands in Moray and surrounding areas, appointed by the king

Summary Transcription: …quia dominus rex constituit magistrum Alexandrum Guthre camerarium et receptorem ejusdem… Et de xxx lt. de firmis de Bonnoch et Banquhre… Et de lxxx lt. vj s. viij d. de firmis baronie de Pety et Brachly… Et de liij lt. vj s. viij d. per integras firmas dominii de Strathherne… Et dictus magister Alexander respondebit pro termino Penthecostes.

Modern English Translation: …because the lord king appointed Master Alexander Guthre as chamberlain and receiver of the same… And for £30 from the fermes of Bonnoch and Banquhre… And for £80 6s. 8d. from the fermes of the barony of Pety and Brachly… And for £53 6s. 8d. from the whole fermes of the lordship of Strathdearn… And the said Master Alexander will answer for the term of Pentecost.

Historical Significance: This entry records that Master Alexander Guthre was formally appointed by the king as chamberlain and receiver for a group of crown lands in Moray and adjacent areas. He is responsible for rendering accounts for the fermes of several baronies and lordships, including Liffaris, Bonnoch & Banquhre, Pety & Brachly, and Strathdearn. This represents a significant administrative appointment.

Genealogical Significance: This is an important reference to Master Alexander Guthre holding royal office as chamberlain and receiver of crown lands in the north. It shows another branch of the Guthrie family (distinct from David Guthre of Kincaldrum) receiving royal trust and administrative responsibility during the reign of James III.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Camerarium et receptorem — chamberlain and receiver (a royal officer responsible for managing and accounting for revenues from specific lands).
• Respondebit — standard notation that the named individual is accountable for the sums at audit.

Notes: This page confirms the index entry for Master Alexander Guthre on p. 539. He was appointed by the king to manage and account for the fermes of multiple northern baronies and lordships. A second reference to him appears on p. 641 as deputy chamberlain of Moray.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII, p. 641

Date: 1469

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master Alexander Guthre

Role:

• Deputy Chamberlain of Moray (camerario deputato)

Summary Transcription: Et eidem, per liberacionem factam magistro Alexandro Guthre, tunc camerario deputato, per dominum regem… Respondebit Alexander Guthre.

Modern English Translation: And to the same, by delivery made to Master Alexander Guthre, then deputy chamberlain, by the lord king… Alexander Guthre will answer.

Historical Significance: This entry records Master Alexander Guthre acting as deputy chamberlain of Moray. He is receiving grain on behalf of the crown as part of his official duties. This follows his earlier appointment (p. 539) as chamberlain and receiver of several northern baronies and lordships.

Genealogical Significance: This page confirms that Master Alexander Guthre continued to hold royal office in the north. By 1469, he was serving as deputy chamberlain of Moray, building on his earlier role managing crown lands in the region. This demonstrates ongoing royal trust in another branch of the Guthrie family during the reign of James III.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Camerario deputato — deputy chamberlain (a royal officer acting on behalf of the main chamberlain).
• Respondebit — standard notation of personal accountability at audit.

Notes: This is the second reference to Master Alexander Guthre in Volume VII. On p. 539 he was appointed chamberlain and receiver of multiple northern lands. On this page (p. 641), he appears as deputy chamberlain of Moray, actively managing grain revenues. Together, these entries show a sustained administrative role for him in the north.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII, p. 547

Date: 1468

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistrum David Guthre, tunc computorum rotulatorem)

Role:

• Clerk of the Rolls (computorum rotulator), handling the sale of royal grain from arrears

Summary Transcription: Et eidem, per vendicionem quindecim celdrarum decem bollarum duarum ferlotarum et trium peccarum frumenti de arreragiis computantis per magistrum David Guthre, tunc computorum rotulatorem…

Modern English Translation: And to the same, by the sale of fifteen chalders, ten bolls, two firlots, and three pecks of grain from the arrears of the accountant by Master David Guthre, then Clerk of the Rolls…

Historical Significance: This entry records the sale of a significant quantity of grain (from Moray arrears) arranged by Master David Guthre in his capacity as Clerk of the Rolls (computorum rotulator). He is actively managing the disposal of royal grain reserves as part of his official duties.

Genealogical Significance: This is a substantive reference showing David Guthre involved in a specific commercial transaction on behalf of the crown. Notably, on this page he is styled as computorum rotulator rather than Treasurer, suggesting he held (or had moved into) the office of Clerk of the Rolls by 1468. This adds nuance to his career progression and administrative responsibilities during this period.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Computorum rotulator — Clerk of the Rolls (responsible for official records and accounts).
• Vendicionem — sale.
• De arreragiis — from arrears (overdue payments or stocks).

Notes: This page confirms the index note “Grain of Moray sold by, 547.” It shows David Guthre handling the sale of royal grain while serving as Clerk of the Rolls. This is one of the more specific transactional mentions we’ve seen for him.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII, p. 573

Date: 1468

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistrum David Guthre, tunc computorum rotulatorem)

Role:

• Clerk of the Rolls (computorum rotulator), arranging commutation of rent

Summary Transcription: Et de xx lt. per commutationem factam per magistrum David Guthre, tunc computorum rotulatorem, cum firmariis de Sessintuly pro novem celdris farine avenatice propter inopiam et paupertatem eorundem.

Modern English Translation: And for twenty pounds by commutation made by Master David Guthre, then Clerk of the Rolls, with the tenants of Sessintuly for nine chalders of oatmeal because of their poverty and need.

Historical Significance: This entry records a specific financial arrangement made by Master David Guthre as Clerk of the Rolls. He authorized the commutation of a rent payment from kind (oatmeal) into cash (£20) because the tenants of Sessintuly were too poor to pay in grain. This shows him exercising discretion in the management of royal revenues on compassionate or practical grounds.

Genealogical Significance: This is another substantive reference to David Guthre’s administrative role. It demonstrates that, while serving as Clerk of the Rolls in 1468, he was involved in practical decisions regarding the collection of rents and the welfare of tenants. This adds further depth to our understanding of his responsibilities beyond pure accounting.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Commutationem — commutation (conversion of a payment in kind into a monetary payment).
• Propter inopiam et paupertatem — because of poverty and need.
• Computorum rotulator — Clerk of the Rolls.

Notes: This page confirms the index note “Commutes oatmeal rent for money, 573.” It shows David Guthre making a practical administrative decision to convert a grain rent into cash due to the tenants’ inability to pay. A similar commutation appears on p. 624.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII, p. 589

Date: 1468

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistrum David Guthre, tunc rotulatorem)

Role:

• Clerk of the Rolls (rotulatorem), handling the sale of royal wool and hides

Summary Transcription: Et eidem, de custumis duorum lastarum novem dacrarum quinque corriorum, et ducentarum pellium lanutarum de propriis gregibus domini regis venditarum per magistrum David Guthre, tunc rotulatorem, et commutatarum cum vino et frumento, ipso fatente super compotum, vij lt. xvij s. viij d.

Modern English Translation: And to the same, for the customs on two lasts, nine dacres, five corries, and two hundred woolfells from the king’s own flocks, sold by Master David Guthre, then Clerk of the Rolls, and exchanged for wine and grain, he himself acknowledging upon the account, seven pounds, seventeen shillings, and eight pence.

Historical Significance: This entry records that Master David Guthre, serving as Clerk of the Rolls (rotulatorem), was responsible for the sale of wool and hides from the king’s own flocks. The proceeds were then exchanged (commutatarum) for wine and grain. This shows him actively managing the disposal and conversion of royal goods and revenues.

Genealogical Significance: This is a clear substantive reference to David Guthre’s administrative role. It demonstrates that while serving as Clerk of the Rolls in 1468, he was entrusted with handling the sale and exchange of valuable royal commodities (wool and hides). This adds another dimension to his career, showing involvement in commercial and logistical aspects of royal finance.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Rotulatorem — Clerk of the Rolls.
• Venditarum — sold.
• Commutatarum cum vino et frumento — exchanged for wine and grain.
• Ipso fatente super compotum — he himself acknowledging upon the account.

Notes: This page confirms the index note “Sells King’s woolfells and hides, 589.” It shows David Guthre managing the sale of royal wool and hides and converting the value into other goods. This is one of the more specific transactional entries we’ve seen for him.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII, p. 607

Date: 1469 (referring to activity in 1464)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistrum David Guthre, tunc thesaurarium)

Role:

• Treasurer of Scotland, involved in leasing crown lands in Galloway

Summary Transcription: Et de jcviii lt. vj s. viij d. de grassumis dicti dominii Galwidie tam subtus quam supra Cree, assedati per magistrum David Guthre, tunc thesaurarium anno sexagesimo quarto.

Modern English Translation: And for £108 6s. 8d. from the grassums of the said lordship of Galloway both below and above Cree, leased by Master David Guthre, then Treasurer, in the sixty-fourth year.

Historical Significance: This entry records that David Guthre, while serving as Treasurer in 1464, was involved in the leasing (assedati) of crown lands in Galloway. The grassums (entry fines or rents) from lands both below and above the River Cree were assessed under his authority. This shows the Treasurer’s direct role in managing and generating revenue from royal property across different regions of the kingdom.

Genealogical Significance: This is a useful reference confirming that David Guthre, as Treasurer, was actively engaged in the leasing of crown lands not only near Stirling but also in more distant regions such as Galloway. It adds to the picture of his broad administrative responsibilities during his time in office.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Assedati — leased / set in tack.
• Grassumis — grassums (payments made upon entry into a lease).
• Tunc thesaurarium — then Treasurer (indicating the year he held the office).

Notes: This page confirms the index note “Letting Crown lands in Galloway, 607.” It shows David Guthre, as Treasurer in 1464, overseeing the leasing of royal lands in Galloway and collecting the associated grassums. This complements the earlier evidence of him leasing lands near Stirling (p. 245).

Note that David Guthrie of Kyncaldrum has multiple high-level roles during his lifetime. In the short period covered by this volume, his name is mentioned dozens of times. Most are occupationally-focused entries where a full transcription is not needed. Below, most of these entries will be consolidated by year. Any more extensive or Guthrie-focused entries will be listed separately.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII – David Guthre as Treasurer (1461)

Date: 1461

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistro David Guthre, thesaurario)

Role:

• Treasurer of Scotland (thesaurario)

Summary: In 1461, Master David Guthre appears as Treasurer of Scotland, receiving and being held accountable for the fermes of multiple royal and crown lands. He is recorded as the recipient of payments from properties including Myris de Uchtirmukty, Thomastoune, and Collessy. Standard accountability notations (Respondebit Guthre, thesaurarius) appear throughout the accounts.

Historical Significance: These entries document David Guthre’s early activity as Treasurer. He is shown actively managing revenues from scattered royal lands during the Exchequer audits of 1461. This reflects the Treasurer’s central role in collecting and accounting for income from crown property across the kingdom.

Genealogical Significance: These pages help establish the timeline of David Guthre’s rise to national office. By 1461 he was already serving as Treasurer of Scotland, receiving fermes from multiple estates. This marks an important stage in his administrative career, following his earlier documented service as King’s Receiver (p. 61) and as bailie of Dundee in previous volumes.

Key Pages Covered:

• p. 77 – Payments to David Guthre as Treasurer from several lands (Myris de Uchtirmukty, Thomastoune, Collessy).
• p. 78 – Additional Treasurer accountability notations and related payments.

Notes: This consolidated entry covers David Guthre’s routine Treasurer activity in 1461. Most entries are standard accountability and receipt of land fermes. A more substantive early reference to him as King’s Receiver appears on p. 61 and has been processed separately.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII – David Guthre as Treasurer (1462)

Date: 1462

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistro David Guthre, thesaurario)

Role:

• Treasurer of Scotland (thesaurario)

Summary: In 1462, Master David Guthre served as Treasurer of Scotland. The accounts contain numerous routine accountability notations (Respondebit Guthre, thesaurarius) recording him as responsible for the fermes, customs, and payments of multiple burghs and lands. These entries reflect the standard exchequer practice of noting the Treasurer’s liability for royal revenues during the audit process.

Historical Significance: These pages document David Guthre’s ongoing responsibilities as Treasurer during a busy year of Exchequer activity. The high volume of entries shows the breadth of the Treasurer’s role in overseeing revenues from burghs and crown lands across Scotland in the early years of James III’s reign.

Genealogical Significance: This year further solidifies David Guthre’s position as a senior royal financial official. His consistent appearance as Treasurer in the 1462 rolls confirms his established role in the royal administration and helps build a clearer timeline of his career progression.

Key Pages Covered:

• p. 107 – Early 1462 entry noting David Guthre as Treasurer in a burgh account.
• pp. 109–114 – Series of routine Treasurer accountability notations across multiple burgh fermes.
• pp. 119–121 – Continued “Respondebit Guthre, thesaurarius” entries for various revenues.
• pp. 127–128, 136 – Additional Treasurer responsibility notations in land and burgh accounts.
• pp. 141–148 – Multiple entries recording David Guthre as the accountable officer for fermes and payments.

Notes: This consolidated entry covers all indexed Treasurer references for David Guthre in 1462.

Indexed pages specific to David Guthre as Treasurer in 1462: 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 117, 119, 120, 121, 127, 128, 136, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148 (and any additional pages confirmed in the full index for this year).

Most entries are standard routine accountability notations. No major individual transactions requiring separate entries were identified in the 1462 pages reviewed.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII, p. 204

Date: 1463

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• David Guthre (thesaurario / Guthre, Treasurer)

Role:

• Treasurer of Scotland, traveling with a diplomatic mission to the Earl of Ross

Summary Transcription: Et pro expensis dominorum comitis de Ergle, Montgomery, Kennedy, et thesaurarii, laborancium in ambassiat a versus comitem Rossie, et remanencium in Perth per duos dies cum jantaculo, dicto thesaurario testante hujusmodi expensas super compotum, xij lt. ix s. iiij d. [To Guthre, Treasurer, accounted for, £163 19s. 11d. To said Treasurer, £23 3s. Sum, £278 18s. 11d.]

Modern English Translation: And for the expenses of the lords the Earl of Argyll, Montgomery, Kennedy, and the Treasurer, labouring on an embassy to the Earl of Ross, and remaining in Perth for two days with breakfast, the said Treasurer witnessing such expenses upon the account, twelve pounds, nine shillings, and four pence.

Historical Significance: This entry records that David Guthre, as Treasurer, was part of a high-level diplomatic mission to the Earl of Ross in 1463. He traveled with the Earls of Argyll, Montgomery, and Kennedy. The group stayed in Perth for two days, and the Treasurer personally accounted for the expenses of the mission. This shows Guthre operating not only as a financial officer but also participating in important political and diplomatic affairs.

Genealogical Significance: This is one of the more substantive non-routine references to David Guthre. It demonstrates that as Treasurer he was trusted with both financial responsibilities and involvement in sensitive political missions. His presence alongside major magnates on a journey to the Earl of Ross highlights his elevated status during the reign of James III.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Thesaurario testante — the Treasurer witnessing / vouching for the expenses.
• Ambassiat a versus comitem Rossie — embassy / diplomatic mission to the Earl of Ross.

Notes: This page (p. 204) is one of the more politically significant entries for David Guthre in Volume VII. It goes beyond routine financial administration and shows him actively participating in a diplomatic mission. This aligns with the index note “at Perth on his way to Earl of Ross, 204.”

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII – David Guthre as Treasurer (1463)

Date: 1463

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistro David Guthre, thesaurario)

Role:

• Treasurer of Scotland (thesaurario)

Summary: In 1463, Master David Guthre continued to serve as Treasurer of Scotland. The rolls contain multiple routine accountability notations (Respondebit Guthre, thesaurarius) recording him as the responsible officer for fermes, customs, and various payments from burghs and crown lands.

Historical Significance: These entries reflect the ongoing administrative workload of the Treasurer’s office during the Exchequer audits of 1463. They demonstrate the consistent central role David Guthre played in managing royal revenues across Scotland at this period.

Genealogical Significance: This year continues to document David Guthre’s tenure as Treasurer, reinforcing his position as a key figure in the royal financial administration during the 1460s.

Key Pages Covered:

• p. 181 – Treasurer accountability notation in a burgh and land account.
• pp. 201–205 – Series of entries recording David Guthre as Treasurer for various revenues and expenses.
• pp. 208–216 – Multiple routine “Respondebit Guthre, thesaurarius” notations across burgh customs and fermes.
• pp. 220–224 – Additional Treasurer responsibility entries in later 1463 accounts.

Notes: This consolidated entry covers all indexed Treasurer references for David Guthre in 1463.

Indexed pages specific to David Guthre as Treasurer in 1463: 181, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224 (and any additional pages confirmed in the full index for this year).

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII – David Guthre as Treasurer (1464)

Date: 1464

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistro David Guthre, thesaurario)

Role:

• Treasurer of Scotland (thesaurario)

Summary: In 1464, Master David Guthre served as Treasurer of Scotland. The accounts contain a very large number of routine accountability notations (Respondebit Guthre, thesaurarius) recording him as the responsible officer for fermes, customs, and payments from numerous burghs and crown lands throughout the year.

Historical Significance: This was one of the busiest years in the volume for Treasurer-related entries. The high volume of notations reflects the extensive scope of the Treasurer’s responsibilities in overseeing royal revenues from across Scotland during the Exchequer audits of 1464.

Genealogical Significance: The 1464 rolls provide strong evidence of David Guthre’s established and active role as Treasurer. His frequent appearance in this capacity throughout the year confirms his central position in the royal financial administration during this period.

Key Pages Covered:

• pp. 232–234 – Early 1464 entries noting David Guthre as Treasurer in land and burgh accounts.
• pp. 245, 252, 254, 256–259 – Multiple routine Treasurer accountability notations.
• pp. 268–299 – Extensive series of “Respondebit Guthre, thesaurarius” entries across many burghs and properties.
• pp. 300–305, 310 – Continued Treasurer responsibility notations in later 1464 accounts.

Notes: This consolidated entry covers all indexed Treasurer references for David Guthre in 1464.

Indexed pages specific to David Guthre as Treasurer in 1464: 232, 233, 234, 238, 241, 243, 245, 246, 252, 254, 256, 257, 258, 259, 268, 269, 273, 280, 281, 282, 284, 285, 288, 293, 298, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 310 (and any additional pages confirmed in the full index for this year).

Most entries are standard routine accountability notations.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII – David Guthre as Treasurer (1465)

Date: 1465

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistro David Guthre, thesaurario)

Role:

• Treasurer of Scotland (thesaurario)

Summary: In 1465, Master David Guthre continued serving as Treasurer of Scotland. The accounts contain numerous routine accountability notations (Respondebit Guthre, thesaurarius) recording him as responsible for fermes, customs, and payments from multiple burghs and crown lands.

Historical Significance: These entries document David Guthre’s continued active role as Treasurer during the Exchequer audits of 1465. The volume of notations reflects the ongoing administrative demands of managing royal revenues across Scotland.

Genealogical Significance: This year further confirms David Guthre’s established position as Treasurer. His consistent appearance throughout the 1465 rolls supports the timeline of his senior role in the royal financial administration during the 1460s.

Key Pages Covered:

• p. 333 – Treasurer accountability notation in a burgh and land account.
• p. 357 – Entry recording David Guthre as Treasurer in a customs-related account.
• pp. 367–370 – Multiple routine “Respondebit Guthre, thesaurarius” notations.
• pp. 374–379 – Continued Treasurer responsibility entries across various burgh fermes and payments.

Notes: This consolidated entry covers all indexed Treasurer references for David Guthre in 1465.

Indexed pages specific to David Guthre as Treasurer in 1465: 333, 357, 367, 368, 369, 370, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379 (and any additional pages confirmed in the full index for this year).

Most entries are standard routine accountability notations.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII – David Guthre as Treasurer (1466)

Date: 1466

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistro David Guthre, thesaurario)

Role:

• Treasurer of Scotland (thesaurario)

Summary: In 1466, Master David Guthre served as Treasurer of Scotland. The accounts contain multiple routine accountability notations (Respondebit Guthre, thesaurarius) recording him as the responsible officer for fermes and payments from various burghs and lands.

Historical Significance: These entries document David Guthre’s continued service as Treasurer during the Exchequer audits of 1466. They reflect the standard administrative process of holding the Treasurer accountable for royal revenues across Scotland.

Genealogical Significance: This year further supports David Guthre’s established role as Treasurer. His repeated appearance in the 1466 rolls confirms his ongoing senior position in the royal financial administration.

Key Pages Covered:

• p. 390 – Treasurer accountability notation in a land and burgh account.
• p. 400 – Multiple entries recording David Guthre as Treasurer alongside Comptroller notations.
• pp. 424, 427, 431 – Routine “Respondebit Guthre, thesaurarius” entries in burgh and customs accounts.
• pp. 436–439 – Continued Treasurer responsibility notations in later 1466 accounts.

Notes: This consolidated entry covers all indexed Treasurer references for David Guthre in 1466.

Indexed pages specific to David Guthre as Treasurer in 1466: 390, 400, 424, 427, 431, 436, 437, 438, 439 (and any additional pages confirmed in the full index for this year).

Most entries are standard routine accountability notations.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII – David Guthre as Treasurer (1467)

Date: 1467

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistro David Guthre, thesaurario)

Role:

• Treasurer of Scotland (thesaurario)

Summary: In 1467, Master David Guthre appears as Treasurer of Scotland in a limited number of entries. The accounts contain routine accountability notations (Respondebit Guthre, thesaurarius) recording him as responsible for fermes and payments.

Historical Significance: These entries document David Guthre’s continued (though less frequent) service as Treasurer during the Exchequer audits of 1467, maintaining the standard practice of noting the Treasurer’s accountability for royal revenues.

Genealogical Significance: This year provides further confirmation of David Guthre’s ongoing role as Treasurer, even as the number of recorded entries appears lower than in previous years.

Key Pages Covered:

• p. 503 – Routine Treasurer accountability notation in a burgh and land account.

Notes: This consolidated entry covers all indexed Treasurer references for David Guthre in 1467.

Indexed pages specific to David Guthre as Treasurer in 1467: 503

Most entries are standard routine accountability notations.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII – David Guthre as Treasurer (1468)

Date: 1468

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistro David Guthre, thesaurario / David Guthre de eodem)

Role:

• Treasurer of Scotland (thesaurario)

Summary: In 1468, Master David Guthre appears as Treasurer of Scotland in several entries. The accounts contain routine accountability notations (Respondebit Guthre, thesaurarius) recording him as responsible for fermes and payments. On at least one page he is also styled in connection with the Comptroller’s office.

Historical Significance: These entries document David Guthre’s continued service as Treasurer while also showing a possible transition or overlap with the Comptroller role during 1468. This reflects the fluid nature of senior financial offices in the royal administration at this time.

Genealogical Significance: This year is notable for a change in styling. On p. 581 David Guthre is referred to as “David Guthre de eodem”, which translates as David Guthre of the Same (i.e., of Guthrie) or David Guthre of that Ilk. This styling is a traditional Scottish way of indicating that he is the Guthrie of Guthrie — the head of the family and laird of the principal Guthrie estate.

Key Pages Covered:

• p. 572 – Treasurer-related accountability and payment entries.
• p. 580 – Routine Treasurer notation in a burgh account.
• p. 581 – Notable entry in which David Guthre is styled “David Guthre de eodem” while referenced in connection with both Treasurer and Comptroller functions.

Notes: This consolidated entry covers all indexed Treasurer references for David Guthre in 1468.

Indexed pages specific to David Guthre as Treasurer in 1468: 572, 580, 581

The styling “David Guthre de eodem” on p. 581 is interpreted as David Guthre of the Same / of Guthrie / of that Ilk, indicating he is the principal Guthrie laird. Most entries remain standard routine accountability notations.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII – David Guthre as Treasurer (1469)

Date: 1469

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistro David Guthre, tunc thesaurario)

Role:

• Treasurer of Scotland (thesaurario)

Summary: In 1469, Master David Guthre appears as Treasurer of Scotland in multiple entries. The accounts contain routine accountability notations (Respondebit Guthre, thesaurarius) recording him as responsible for fermes, grassums, and various payments from lands and burghs.

Historical Significance: These entries document David Guthre’s continued service as Treasurer during the final year covered in this volume. They reflect the ongoing administrative practice of holding the Treasurer accountable for royal revenues in the late 1460s.

Genealogical Significance: This year provides further evidence of David Guthre’s long tenure as Treasurer. The 1469 references help complete the picture of his active years in the office during the reign of James III.

Key Pages Covered:

• pp. 608–609 – Multiple entries recording David Guthre as Treasurer in land and burgh accounts, including payments and accountability notations.
• pp. 610–611 – Continued Treasurer responsibility entries, including fermes and grassums from various properties.

Notes: This consolidated entry covers all indexed Treasurer references for David Guthre in 1469.

Indexed pages specific to David Guthre as Treasurer in 1469: 608, 609, 610, 611

In these entries he is styled as “magistro David Guthre, tunc thesaurario” (then Treasurer). Most entries are standard routine accountability notations. No major individual transactions requiring separate entries were identified in the 1469 pages reviewed.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII – David Guthre as Comptroller (1466)

Date: 1466

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistro David Guthre, computorum rotulator)

Role:

• Comptroller of Scotland (computorum rotulator)

Summary: In 1466, Master David Guthre appears in the role of Comptroller of Scotland. The index records him receiving payments as Comptroller, formally entering the office, and acting as Comptroller in connection with the letting of Crown lands. The Comptroller (computorum rotulator) was responsible for controlling and auditing royal household expenditure and authorizing many payments on behalf of the Crown.

Historical Significance: This year marks David Guthre’s formal entry into the office of Comptroller. The Comptroller was one of the two principal financial officers of the Scottish Crown. While the Treasurer managed the collection of Crown revenues (customs, fermes, rents, etc.), the Comptroller controlled and audited expenditure — particularly the expenses of the royal household — and often attested or authorized payments. In the 15th century, there was frequently overlap between the two offices.

Genealogical Significance: 1466 appears to be the year David Guthre formally took up the Comptroller’s office. This represents a significant advancement in his career, moving into one of the two highest financial positions in the kingdom and demonstrating his growing influence in royal administration.

Key Pages Covered:

• p. 308 – Early reference to payments to David Guthre as Comptroller.
• p. 380 – Additional payments recorded to him in the Comptroller role.
• p. 432 – Key page noting that he enters on office as Comptroller.
• pp. 455, 462 – References to David Guthre as Comptroller in connection with the letting of Crown lands.

Notes: This consolidated entry covers all indexed Comptroller references for David Guthre in 1466.

Indexed pages specific to David Guthre as Comptroller in 1466: 308, 380, 432, 455, 462

This appears to be the year he formally entered the Comptroller’s office. Most entries relate to payments received and the administration of Crown lands in his capacity as Comptroller.

Comparison: Comptroller vs Treasurer of Scotland
(15th Century)

Note: In David Guthre’s time (1460s), it was not uncommon for one individual to move between — or even hold aspects of — both offices, as the lines between revenue collection and expenditure control were sometimes fluid.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII – David Guthre as Comptroller (1467)

Date: 1467

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistro David Guthre, computorum rotulator)

Role:

• Comptroller of Scotland (computorum rotulator)

Summary: In 1467, Master David Guthre was actively serving as Comptroller of Scotland. The accounts record a large number of payments made to him in this capacity, along with mandates and attestations issued under his authority. As Comptroller, he was responsible for controlling and auditing royal household expenditure and authorizing many official payments on behalf of the Crown.

Historical Significance: This was a busy year for David Guthre in the Comptroller’s office. The Comptroller (computorum rotulator) was one of the two principal financial officers of the Scottish Crown. While the Treasurer was primarily responsible for collecting Crown revenues, the Comptroller controlled and verified expenditure — especially the expenses of the royal household — and often attested or authorized payments. In the 1460s, there was frequent overlap between the two roles.

Genealogical Significance: The high volume of entries in 1467 confirms that David Guthre had fully established himself in the Comptroller’s office. This further demonstrates his rising status and influence within the royal administration during the reign of James III.

Key Pages Covered:

• pp. 441–519 – Extensive series of payments to David Guthre recorded as Comptroller.
• pp. 456, 463 – Mandates and attestations issued in his capacity as Comptroller.
• pp. 500–519 – Continued payments and accountability entries as Comptroller.

Notes: This consolidated entry covers all indexed Comptroller references for David Guthre in 1467.

Indexed pages specific to David Guthre as Comptroller in 1467: 441, 442, 448, 449, 452, 453, 455, 456, 457, 462, 463, 465, 467, 471, 472, 474, 477, 478, 479, 482, 485, 488, 489, 493, 497, 499, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519

This was one of the heaviest years for Comptroller activity. Most entries relate to routine payments received and documents attested in his role as Comptroller. There is clear overlap with his Treasurer responsibilities during this period.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII – David Guthre as Comptroller (1468)

Date: 1468

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistro David Guthre, computorum rotulator / David Guthre de eodem)

Role:

• Comptroller of Scotland (computorum rotulator)

Summary: In 1468, Master David Guthre was heavily active as Comptroller of Scotland. The accounts record numerous payments made to him in this role, along with many mandates and attestations issued under his authority. He is also noted in connection with the letting of Crown lands. This year shows significant overlap between his duties as Comptroller and his earlier role as Treasurer.

Historical Significance: 1468 represents the peak of David Guthre’s recorded activity as Comptroller. The Comptroller (computorum rotulator) was responsible for controlling and auditing royal household expenditure and for authorizing many official payments. While the Treasurer primarily managed the collection of Crown income, the Comptroller verified and controlled how that money was spent — particularly on the royal household. In practice during the 1460s, the two offices frequently overlapped, and David Guthre appears to have functioned in both capacities during this period.

Genealogical Significance: This year contains one of the most important stylistic references to David Guthre. On p. 581 he is styled “David Guthre de eodem, tunc computorum rotulatori” (“David Guthre of that Ilk, then Comptroller”). This confirms both his role as Comptroller and his status as the head of the Guthrie family (of that Ilk). The high volume of Comptroller entries in 1468 further demonstrates his central position in the royal financial administration.

Key Pages Covered:

• pp. 523–612 – Very large number of payments to David Guthre recorded as Comptroller.
• pp. 569, 581, 590, 592 – Mandates and attestations issued as Comptroller.
• p. 581 – Particularly significant entry in which David Guthre is styled “David Guthre de eodem” while acting as Comptroller.
• pp. 580–582 – Clear evidence of overlap between his Treasurer and Comptroller responsibilities.

Notes: This consolidated entry covers all indexed Comptroller references for David Guthre in 1468.

Indexed pages specific to David Guthre as Comptroller in 1468: 523, 525, 528, 530, 532, 537, 538, 542, 544, 549, 551, 553, 555, 559, 566, 567, 569, 573, 575, 579, 580, 581, 582, 584, 585, 587, 588, 590, 592, 597, 612

This was the busiest year for David Guthre in the Comptroller role. The styling on p. 581 (“David Guthre de eodem”) is genealogically important as it identifies him as the principal laird of Guthrie while serving as Comptroller.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VII – David Guthre as Comptroller (1469)

Date: 1469

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre (magistro David Guthre, computorum rotulator)

Role:

• Comptroller of Scotland (computorum rotulator)

Summary: In 1469, Master David Guthre continued to appear in the role of Comptroller of Scotland. The accounts record payments made to him as Comptroller, though the number of entries is lower than in the previous year. As Comptroller, he remained responsible for controlling royal household expenditure and authorizing payments on behalf of the Crown.

Historical Significance: These entries show that David Guthre was still active as Comptroller in the final year covered by this volume. The Comptroller’s core duty was to audit and control expenditure — especially the expenses of the royal household — and to attest official payments. By 1469, David Guthre had spent several years moving between the offices of Treasurer and Comptroller, reflecting the fluid nature of senior financial roles in the Scottish royal administration during this period.

Genealogical Significance: The 1469 entries provide further evidence of David Guthre’s long and distinguished service in the highest financial offices of the Crown. His continued appearance as Comptroller near the end of the volume helps complete the timeline of his career in royal service during the 1460s.

Key Pages Covered:

• pp. 643, 666, 668 – Payments to David Guthre recorded as Comptroller in the later sections of the volume.

Notes: This consolidated entry covers all indexed Comptroller references for David Guthre in 1469.

Indexed pages specific to David Guthre as Comptroller in 1469: 643, 666, 668

Activity as Comptroller appears lighter in 1469 compared to 1467 and 1468. These entries represent some of the latest references to David Guthre holding senior financial office in this volume.

VOLUME VIII: 1470 – 1479

Primary Entries:

Consolidated Entries for Sir David Guthrie of that Ilk

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Pages 110–111

Date: 2 July 1471 (account rendered at Edinburgh for the period 3 July 1470 to 2 July 1471)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Malcolm Guthre (Malcolum Guthre)

Role:

• One of the Bailies of the burgh of Dundee (unum ballivorum burgi de Dunde)

Summary Transcription: Computum ballivorum burgi de Dunde, redditum apud Edinburgh per Malcolum Guthre, unum ballivorum ejusdem, [2 July 1471, from 3 July 1470]. Charge: Fermes, by feu-charter, £20. Issues of a chamberlain-ayre, £18. Sum, £38.

Modern English Translation: The account of the bailies of the burgh of Dundee, rendered at Edinburgh by Malcolm Guthre, one of the bailies of the same, [on 2 July 1471, for the period from 3 July 1470]. Charge: Fermes, by feu-charter, £20. Issues of a chamberlain-ayre, £18. Sum, £38.

Historical Significance: This entry documents Malcolm Guthre serving as one of the bailies of the royal burgh of Dundee. It reflects the financial administration of royal burghs, including the collection of fermes (rents) and the accounting of issues from the chamberlain’s ayre (circuit court).

Genealogical Significance: This confirms that Malcolm Guthre held the office of bailie of Dundee as early as 1470–1471. Combined with later references (as custumar and provost), it shows a clear pattern of his rising civic and administrative involvement in Dundee during the 1470s.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Bailie (ballivus): An elected or appointed official responsible for the administration and justice of a royal burgh.
• Ferme, by feu-charter: Fixed annual rent paid by a burgh to the Crown under a feudal charter.
• Chamberlain-ayre: The circuit court held by the royal chamberlain to audit burgh accounts and administer justice.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Page 185

Date: Second day of August 1473 (account rendered at Edinburgh)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Sir David Guthre of that Ilk, knight (domini David Guthre de eodem, militis)

Role:

• Bailie of the thanage of Kincardine (Fethirkern) (Fethirballivi thanagii de Kincardin)

Summary Transcription: Computum domini David Guthre de eodem, militis, Fethirballivi thanagii de Kincardin, redditum apud Edinburgh kerne per Johannem Strathauchin, ejus deputatum… Idem onerat se in primis de xlj li. xix s. ij d. per arreragia ultimi compoti sui… [Followed by charges for the fermes of the thanage and various discharges and allocations.]

Modern English Translation: The account of Sir David Guthre of that Ilk, knight, bailie of the thanage of Kincardine (Fethirkern), rendered at Edinburgh by John Strathauchin, his deputy… He charges himself first with £41 19s. 2d. for the arrears of his last account… [He then accounts for the fermes of the thanage for the current period, along with various payments and allocations.]

Historical Significance: This entry documents Sir David Guthre serving as bailie of the thanage of Kincardine (also called Fethirkern). It reflects the continued use of thanages as administrative units and the practice of rendering accounts through a deputy when the principal official was unable to attend in person.

Genealogical Significance: This is an important entry. David is now styled as “militis” (knight) and “de eodem”, confirming both his knighthood and his position as head of the principal Guthrie line. The account being rendered by his deputy, John Strathauchin, may indicate his increasing involvement in higher royal offices (such as Comptroller) during this period.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Thanage: A territorial administrative unit retained for royal accounting purposes.
• Bailie (ballivus): The official responsible for managing the lands and collecting rents within the thanage.
• Deputy (deputatus): A representative appointed to act on behalf of the bailie in rendering accounts.
• De eodem: “Of that Ilk” — used to identify the head of the family.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Pages 205–206

Date: 20 July 1473 (account rendered at Edinburgh for the period 13 June 1472 to 20 July 1473)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Malcolm Guthre (Malcolum Guthre)

Role:

• One of the Bailies of the burgh of Dundee (unum ballivorum burgi de Dunde)

Summary Transcription: Computum ballivorum burgi de Dunde [Edinburgh, 20 July 1473] per Malcolum Guthre, unum ballivorum, [from 13 June 1472]. Charge: Fermes, by feu-charter, £20. Discharge: To Minories of Dundee, by receipt of their guardian, £5; two chaplains at Brechin, by receipt of Sir William Paye, chaplain, £6 13s. 4d.; Prior of St. Andrews, by receipt of Friar Alexander Skrimgeoure, sub-prior, 13s. 4d., and James Skrimgeoure, constable of Dundee, £1; as p. 111. Et Andree domino Graye, percipient annuatim sex libras, de dicto anno et sub periculo computantis, vj li. [To Comptroller, 13s. 4d. Sum, £20.] Et sic eque.

Modern English Translation: The account of the bailies of the burgh of Dundee [rendered at Edinburgh on 20 July 1473] by Malcolm Guthre, one of the bailies, [for the period from 13 June 1472]. Charge: Fermes, by feu-charter, £20. Discharge: To the Minories of Dundee, by receipt of their guardian, £5; two chaplains at Brechin, by receipt of Sir William Paye, chaplain, £6 13s. 4d.; Prior of St. Andrews, by receipt of Friar Alexander Skrimgeoure, sub-prior, 13s. 4d., and James Skrimgeoure, constable of Dundee, £1; as p. 111. And to Andrew Lord Gray, receiving annually six pounds, for the said year and at the risk of the accountant, £6. [To Comptroller, 13s. 4d. Sum, £20.] And thus equal.

Historical Significance: This entry continues the record of Malcolm Guthre’s service as one of the bailies of Dundee. It shows the typical pattern of burgh accounts, with fermes being used to support religious houses, chaplains, and local officials through annual payments.

Genealogical Significance: This confirms that Malcolm Guthre continued to serve as bailie of Dundee into 1472–1473. Together with the 1470–1471 and later 1476 entries, it demonstrates his sustained involvement in the administration of Dundee over several years during the 1470s.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Bailie: A burgh official responsible for local administration and justice.
• Ferme, by feu-charter: Fixed annual rent paid by the burgh to the Crown under a feudal charter.
• At the risk of the accountant (sub periculo computantis): The official rendering the account was personally liable for any shortfall.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Page 225

Date: 7 July 1474 (account rendered at Edinburgh for the period from 2 August 1473; 2 terms)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Sir David Guthre of that Ilk, knight (David Guthre de eodem, militis)

Role:

• Bailie of the thanage of Kincardine alias Fethirkern (ballivi Fethirkern, thanagii de Kincardin alias Fethirkern)

Summary Transcription: Computum David Guthre de eodem, militis, ballivi Fethirkern, thanagii de Kincardin alias Fethirkern, [Edinburgh, 7 July 1474, from 2 August 1473; 2 terms.] Idem onerat in primis de xlj li. xix s. ij d. per arreragia ultimi compoti sui, que sunt de grassumis… [Followed by charges for the fermes of the thanage and various discharges and allocations.]

Modern English Translation: The account of David Guthre of that Ilk, knight, bailie of Fethirkern of the thanage of Kincardine alias Fethirkern, [rendered at Edinburgh on 7 July 1474, for the period from 2 August 1473; covering 2 terms]. He charges himself first with £41 19s. 2d. for the arrears of his last account, which are from grassums… [He then accounts for the fermes of the thanage for the current period, along with various payments and allocations.]

Historical Significance: This entry continues the record of Sir David Guthre’s administration of the thanage of Kincardine (Fethirkern). It shows the regular two-term accounting cycle and the inclusion of grassums (entry payments on leases) as part of the bailie’s responsibilities.

Genealogical Significance: David continues to be styled as “militis” (knight) and “de eodem”. This entry further confirms his dual role as a local administrator (bailie of Kincardine) while holding higher royal offices. The consistent use of these titles across multiple years supports the established timeline of his career and status.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Thanage: A territorial administrative unit retained for royal accounting purposes.
• Bailie: The official responsible for managing the lands and collecting rents (including grassums) within the thanage.
• Grassum: A payment made upon the granting or renewal of a lease or tack.
• De eodem / militis: “Of that Ilk, knight” — confirming both his position as head of the family and his knighthood.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Page 240

Date: Vicesimo-octavo die mensis Marcii anno Domini millesimo quadringentesimo septuagesimo-quarto (28 March 1474)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre of that Ilk, knight (magistro David Guthre de eodem, milite)

Role:

• Captain of the King’s Guard (nostre garde capitaneo)

Summary Transcription: …Testibus reverendis in Christo patribus, Thoma episcopo Aberdonensi, Willelmo episcopo Orkadensi… Andrea domino Avendale, cancellario nostro, Colino comite de Ergile… magistro David Guthre de eodem, milite, nostre garde capitaneo… apud Edinburgh vicesimo-octavo die mensis Marcii anno Domini millesimo quadringentesimo septuagesimo-quarto…

Modern English Translation: …Witnessed by the reverend fathers in Christ, Thomas Bishop of Aberdeen, William Bishop of Orkney… Andrew Lord Avondale, our Chancellor, Colin Earl of Argyll… Master David Guthre of that Ilk, knight, captain of our guard… at Edinburgh on the twenty-eighth day of the month of March in the year of Our Lord one thousand four hundred and seventy-four…

Historical Significance: This entry records Sir David Guthre appearing as a witness to a royal charter or grant in his capacity as Captain of the King’s Guard. It reflects the trust placed in him by the Crown and his elevated status at court during the reign of James III.

Genealogical Significance: This is a key entry. David is explicitly styled as “milite” (knight) and “de eodem”, and he is identified as Captain of the King’s Guard. This confirms both his knighthood and his appointment to a prestigious and sensitive royal position. It marks a significant point in his career progression beyond his earlier roles as Treasurer, Comptroller, and local bailie.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Captain of the Guard: A senior royal official responsible for the personal security of the king and the royal household.
• De eodem / milite: “Of that Ilk, knight” — a formal styling that identifies both his position as head of the Guthrie family and his knightly status.
• Testibus: “Witnessed by” — standard formula in medieval Scottish charters listing those present to authenticate the document.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Page 276–277

Date: 31 July 1475 (account rendered at Edinburgh for the period 7 July 1474 to 31 July 1475; 2 terms)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Alexander Guthre of that Ilk (Alexandri Guthre de eodem)

Role:

• Bailie of the thanage of Kincardine (also called Fethirkern) (ballivi thanagii de Kincardin alias Fethirkern)

Summary Transcription: Fethirkern. Computum Alexandri Guthre de eodem, ballivi thanagii de Kincardin alias Fethirkern, [Edinburgh, 31 July 1475, from 7 July 1474; 2 terms.] Idem onerat se in primis de lv li. xvij s. vj d. per arreragia ultimi compoti sui… [Followed by charges for the fermes of the thanage, including rents from Balnakeddill, Thanystoun, and Fothra, along with various discharges and allocations.]

Modern English Translation: Fethirkern. The account of Alexander Guthre of that Ilk, bailie of the thanage of Kincardine alias Fethirkern, [rendered at Edinburgh on 31 July 1475, for the period from 7 July 1474; covering 2 terms]. He charges himself first with £55 17s. 6d. for the arrears of his last account… [He then accounts for the fermes of the thanage, including rents from Balnakeddill, Thanystoun, and Fothra, along with various payments and allocations made during the accounting period.]

Historical Significance: This entry documents Alexander Guthre of that Ilk serving as bailie of the thanage of Kincardine (Fethirkern) during the mid-1470s. It reflects the administrative practice of rendering accounts for royal thanages and shows the continued involvement of the Guthrie family in managing significant royal properties in Angus and the Mearns.

Genealogical Significance: This appears to be the first entry in the series in which Alexander Guthre is styled “de eodem”. His father, Sir David Guthre of that Ilk, died in 1474. This styling strongly suggests that Alexander had succeeded his father as head of the principal Guthrie line by the time this account was rendered in July 1475. The entry therefore marks an important point of transition in the Guthrie family leadership.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Thanage: A territorial administrative unit in medieval Scotland, often associated with older Celtic lordship structures, which continued to be managed and accounted for separately in the royal exchequer.
• Bailie (ballivus): The officer responsible for administering justice, collecting rents, and managing the lands within the thanage on behalf of the Crown.
• Computum: The formal account rendered by an official at the Exchequer, detailing charges (income) and discharges (expenditure and allocations).
• De eodem: A traditional Scottish styling meaning “of that Ilk,” used to identify the head of a family who bears the same name as the family’s principal estate.

Notes: This entry corresponds to the indexed references for Alexander Guthre’s accounts and fee as bailie of Kincardine (pp. 276–277). Given that his father, Sir David Guthre, died in 1474, this appears to be the first occasion on which Alexander is styled “de eodem,” indicating he had succeeded as head of the Guthrie family. Further pages in this account may provide additional detail on specific rents and payments.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Pages 313–314

Date: 3 July 1475 (account rendered at Edinburgh for the period 8 July 1474 to 3 July 1475)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Malcolm Guthre (Malcomi Guthre)

Role:

• Joint Custumar of the burgh of Dundee (custumariorum burgi de Dunde), alongside Robert Balmanoch

Summary Transcription: Computum Roberti Balmanoch et Malcomi Guthre, Dundee, custumariorum burgi de Dunde, [Edinburgh, 3 July 1475, from 8 July 1474]. Charge: Custom of 13 lasts 2 sacks 19 st. wool (£177 18s. 1½d.), 6,260 woolfells (£41 13s. 4d.), 11 lasts 14 dacres hides (£31 4s.), 202 dozen woollen cloth various prices (£15 14s. 4d.), and 10 lasts 11 Hamburgh barrels salmon (£19 13s.) in several ships; £285 5s. 9½d.

Modern English Translation: The account of Robert Balmanoch and Malcolm Guthre of Dundee, customars of the burgh of Dundee, [rendered at Edinburgh on 3 July 1475, for the period from 8 July 1474]. Charge: Custom of 13 lasts 2 sacks 19 stone of wool (£177 18s. 1½d.), 6,260 woolfells (£41 13s. 4d.), 11 lasts 14 dacres of hides (£31 4s.), 202 dozen of woollen cloth at various prices (£15 14s. 4d.), and 10 lasts 11 Hamburgh barrels of salmon (£19 13s.) in several ships; £285 5s. 9½d.

Historical Significance: This entry continues the record of Malcolm Guthre serving as one of the joint customars of Dundee. It reflects the significant customs revenue generated by Dundee as a major trading burgh, particularly from wool, woolfells, hides, cloth, and salmon.

Genealogical Significance: This confirms that Malcolm Guthre continued to hold the office of custumar of Dundee into 1474–1475. Combined with earlier entries (as bailie in 1470–1473 and custumar in 1476), it demonstrates his sustained and multifaceted role in the administration of Dundee during the 1470s.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Custumar: An official responsible for collecting customs duties on exports and imports in a royal burgh.
• Last, Stone, Dacre: Traditional Scottish units of measurement for bulk goods such as wool, hides, and salmon.
• Woolfell: Sheepskin with wool attached, a major export commodity.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Page 323

Date: 4 July 1475 (account rendered at Edinburgh for the period 7 July 1474 to 4 July 1475)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Malcolm Guthre (Malcolum Guthre)

Role:

• Acting on behalf of the Bailies of the burgh of Dundee (nomine ballivorum dicti burgi)

Summary Transcription: Computum ballivorum burgi de Dunde, [Edinburgh, 4 July 1475] per Malcolum Guthre, nomine ballivorum dicti burgi, [from 7 July 1474]. Charge: Arrears, £10 13s. 4d. Fermes, by feu-charter, £20. Sum, £30 13s. 4d.

Modern English Translation: The account of the bailies of the burgh of Dundee, [rendered at Edinburgh on 4 July 1475] by Malcolm Guthre, on behalf of the bailies of the said burgh, [for the period from 7 July 1474]. Charge: Arrears, £10 13s. 4d. Fermes, by feu-charter, £20. Sum, £30 13s. 4d.

Historical Significance: This entry continues the record of Malcolm Guthre’s involvement in the financial administration of Dundee. It shows the standard process of accounting for burgh fermes (fixed rents) and arrears under the feu-charter system.

Genealogical Significance: This confirms that Malcolm Guthre continued to serve in a leadership capacity among the bailies of Dundee into 1474–1475. The fact that he rendered the account “nomine ballivorum” (on behalf of the bailies) suggests he held a position of trust and prominence within the burgh administration.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Bailie: An elected or appointed official responsible for the administration and justice of a royal burgh.
• Ferme, by feu-charter: Fixed annual rent paid by the burgh to the Crown under a feudal charter.
• Nomine ballivorum: “On behalf of the bailies” — indicating the individual was acting in a representative capacity.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Pages 357–358

Date: 30 July 1476 (account rendered at Edinburgh for the period 31 July 1475 to 30 July 1476; 2 terms)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Alexander Guthre of that Ilk (Alexandri Guthre de eodem)

Role:

• Bailie of the thanage of Kincardine (also called Fethirkern) (ballivi thanagii de Kincardin alias Fethirkern)

Summary Transcription: Computum Alexandri Guthre de eodem, ballivi thanagii Fethirkerne de Kincardin alias Fethirkern, [Edinburgh, 30 July 1476, from 31 July 1475; 2 terms.] Idem onerat se in primis de lxj li. xix s. ij d. iij martis per arreragia ultimi compoti sui… [Followed by charges for the fermes and rents of the thanage, grassums, and various discharges and allocations.]

Modern English Translation: The account of Alexander Guthre of that Ilk, bailie of the thanage of Fethirkern of Kincardine alias Fethirkern, [rendered at Edinburgh on 30 July 1476, for the period from 31 July 1475; covering 2 terms]. He charges himself first with £61 19s. 2d. and three marten skins for the arrears of his last account… [He then accounts for the fermes and rents of the thanage for the two terms of this account, along with grassums and other receipts, followed by various payments and allocations.]

Historical Significance: This entry continues the record of Alexander Guthre’s administration of the thanage of Kincardine (Fethirkern). It reflects the regular two-term accounting cycle used by the Scottish Exchequer for royal thanages during the reign of James III.

Genealogical Significance: Alexander Guthre continues to be styled “de eodem” in this 1476 account. This reinforces that he had succeeded his father, Sir David Guthre of that Ilk (who died in 1474), as head of the principal Guthrie line. The consistent use of this styling across multiple years supports the timeline of his succession.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Thanage: A territorial administrative unit retained for royal accounting purposes.
• Bailie: The local official responsible for managing the lands, collecting rents, and administering justice within the thanage.
• Grassum: A payment made upon the granting or renewal of a lease.
• De eodem: “Of that Ilk” — used here to identify Alexander as the head of the Guthrie family.

Notes: This entry corresponds to the indexed references for Alexander Guthre’s accounts and fee as bailie of Kincardine (pp. 357–358). It forms part of the ongoing series documenting his role following the death of his father in 1474.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Page 381

Date: 4 July 1476 (account rendered at Edinburgh for the period 3 June 1475 to 4 July 1476)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Malcolm Guthre (Malcomi Guthre)

Role:

• Joint Custumar of the burgh of Dundee (custumariorum burgi de Dunde), alongside Robert Balmanach

Summary Transcription: Computum Roberti Balmanach et Malcomi Guthre, Dundee, custumariorum burgi de Dunde, redditum apud Edinburgh per dictum Malcomum [4 July 1476, from 3 June 1475]. Charge: Arrears, £5 12s. 9½d. Custom of 10 lasts 10 st. wool (£133 17s. 9½d.), 14 lasts 9 dacres 5 hides (£38 12s.), and 7,240 woolfells (£48 5s.) in several ships; 298 dozen 6 ells woollen cloth various prices 5 score to hundred (£21 10s.) and 13 lasts 4 Hamburgh barrels salted salmon (£24); £266 4s. 9½d. Sum, £271 17s. 7d.

Modern English Translation: The account of Robert Balmanach and Malcolm Guthre of Dundee, customars of the burgh of Dundee, rendered at Edinburgh by the said Malcolm [on 4 July 1476, for the period from 3 June 1475]. Charge: Arrears, £5 12s. 9½d. Custom of 10 lasts 10 stone of wool (£133 17s. 9½d.), 14 lasts 9 dacres 5 hides (£38 12s.), and 7,240 woolfells (£48 5s.) in several ships; 298 dozen 6 ells of woollen cloth at various prices from 5 score to the hundred (£21 10s.) and 13 lasts 4 Hamburgh barrels of salted salmon (£24); £266 4s. 9½d. Sum, £271 17s. 7d.

Historical Significance: This entry documents Malcolm Guthre serving as one of the joint customars of the important royal burgh of Dundee. It reflects the collection of customs on major export commodities such as wool, hides, woolfells, cloth, and salmon during the reign of James III.

Genealogical Significance: This confirms Malcolm Guthre’s continued role as custumar of Dundee in 1475–1476. Combined with other entries showing him as bailie in earlier years, it demonstrates his sustained involvement in the financial and administrative leadership of Dundee throughout the 1470s.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Custumar: An official responsible for collecting customs duties on goods exported from or imported into a royal burgh.
• Last, Stone, Dacre: Traditional Scottish units of measurement for bulk goods such as wool and hides.
• Woolfell: A sheepskin with the wool still attached, a significant export commodity.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Pages 383–384

Date: 13 July 1476 (account rendered at Edinburgh for the period 9 July 1472 to 13 July 1476; 4 years)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• James Guthre (Jacobi Guthre)

Role:

• Custumar of Arbroath (custumarii de Arbroith)

Summary Transcription: Computum Jacobi Guthre, custumarii de Arbroith Arbroith, [Edinburgh, 13 July 1476, from 9 July 1472; 4 years.] Charge: Custom of 12 st. wool (13s. 4d.), 400 5 score and 4 woolfells (£3 5s.), 1031 schorlingis (£3 8s. 4d.), 1920 skaldingis (£3 4s.), and 1 last 13 dacres 7 hides (£4 9s. 11½d.); £15 0s. 7½d.

Modern English Translation: The account of James Guthre, custumar of Arbroath, [rendered at Edinburgh on 13 July 1476, for the period from 9 July 1472; covering 4 years]. Charge: Custom of 12 stone of wool (13s. 4d.), 400 woolfells and 4 woolfells (£3 5s.), 1031 schorlings (£3 8s. 4d.), 1920 skaldings (£3 4s.), and 1 last 13 dacres 7 hides (£4 9s. 11½d.); £15 0s. 7½d.

Historical Significance: This entry documents James Guthre serving as custumar of the royal burgh of Arbroath over a four-year period. It reflects the collection of customs on wool, woolfells, and hides — important export commodities — and shows the involvement of local burgesses in the administration of royal revenues.

Genealogical Significance: This confirms that James Guthre held the office of custumar of Arbroath from at least 1472 to 1476. It provides evidence of another branch of the Guthrie family participating in royal administration and civic office-holding in Angus during the 1470s.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Custumar: An official responsible for collecting customs duties on goods exported from or imported into a royal burgh.
• Schorling / Skalding: Types of sheepskins or woolfells, differentiated by quality or preparation.
• Dacre: A traditional unit of measurement, often equal to 10 hides or skins.

Notes: This entry corresponds to the indexed reference for James Guthre as custumar of Arbroath (pp. 383–384). The account covers a four-year period, which was less common than the usual one- or two-year terms, possibly due to delayed rendering or administrative reasons.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Page 396

Date: 4 July 1476 (account rendered at Edinburgh for the period 4 July 1475 to 4 July 1476)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Malcolm Guthre (Malcolum Guthre)

Role:

• Provost of Dundee (prepositum ejusdem)

Summary Transcription: Computum ballivorum burgi de Dunde, redditum apud Edinburgh per Malcolum Guthre, prepositum ejusdem, [4 July 1476, from 4 July 1475]. Charge: Arrears, £10. Fermes, by feu-charter, £20. Sum, £30.

Modern English Translation: The account of the bailies of the burgh of Dundee, rendered at Edinburgh by Malcolm Guthre, provost of the same, [on 4 July 1476, for the period from 4 July 1475]. Charge: Arrears, £10. Fermes, by feu-charter, £20. Sum, £30.

Historical Significance: This entry documents Malcolm Guthre serving as Provost of Dundee. It reflects the financial responsibilities of the provost in rendering the burgh’s annual account to the Exchequer, including the collection of fermes and management of arrears.

Genealogical Significance: This is a significant entry. Malcolm Guthre has progressed from bailie (as seen in earlier years) to Provost of Dundee by 1475–1476. This represents the highest civic office in the burgh and demonstrates his rising status and influence within Dundee during the 1470s.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Provost (prepositus): The chief magistrate and head of a royal burgh, responsible for its overall administration and for rendering the burgh’s accounts to the Exchequer.
• Ferme, by feu-charter: Fixed annual rent paid by the burgh to the Crown under a feudal charter.
• Prepositum ejusdem: “Provost of the same” — confirming Malcolm’s position as head of the burgh administration.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Page 424

Date: 19 July 1477 (account rendered at Edinburgh for the period 30 July 1476 to 19 July 1477; 2 terms)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Alexander Guthre of that Ilk (Alexandri Guthree de eodem)

Role:

• Bailie of the thanage of Kincardine and Fethirkern (ballivi thanagii de Kincardin et Fethirkern)

Summary Transcription: Fethirkern. Computum Alexandri Guthree de eodem, ballivi thanagii de Kincardin et Fethirkern, [Edinburgh, 19 July 1477, from 30 July 1476; 2 terms.] Idem onerat se in primis de lxxij li. iiij s. ij d. vj martis per arreragia ultimi compoti sui… [Followed by charges for the fermes and rents of the thanage, grassums (including from Thanestoun), and various discharges and allocations.]

Modern English Translation: Fethirkern. The account of Alexander Guthre of that Ilk, bailie of the thanage of Kincardine and Fethirkern, [rendered at Edinburgh on 19 July 1477, for the period from 30 July 1476; covering 2 terms]. He charges himself first with £72 4s. 2d. and six marten skins for the arrears of his last account… [He then accounts for the fermes and rents of the thanage for the two terms, including grassums from Thanestoun, along with various payments and allocations made during the accounting period.]

Historical Significance: This entry continues the annual accounting series for the thanage of Kincardine and Fethirkern under Alexander Guthre. It reflects the consistent administrative oversight of royal thanages through local bailies during the later years of James III’s reign.

Genealogical Significance: Alexander Guthre continues to be styled “de eodem” in this 1477 account. This further supports that he had succeeded his father, Sir David Guthre of that Ilk (who died in 1474), as head of the principal Guthrie family line. The repeated use of this styling across multiple years strengthens the evidence of his succession.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Thanage: A territorial administrative unit retained for royal accounting purposes in the exchequer.
• Bailie: The local official responsible for managing the lands, collecting rents (including grassums), and administering the thanage.
• Grassum: A payment made upon the granting or renewal of a lease or tack.
• De eodem: “Of that Ilk” — used to identify the head of the family.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Pages 460–461

Date: 15 July 1477 (account rendered at Edinburgh for the period 4 July 1476 to 15 July 1477)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Malcolm Guthre (Malcolmi Guthre)

Role:

• Joint Custumar of the burgh of Dundee (custumariorum burgi de Dunde), alongside Robert Balmanoch

Summary Transcription: Computum Roberti Balmanoch et Malcolmi Guthre, custumariorum burgi de Dunde, [Edinburgh, 15 July 1477, from 4 July 1476]. Charge: Custom of 6 lasts 6 sacks 21 st. wool (£89 3s. 4d.), 5975 woolfells (£39 15s.), 14 lasts 5 dacres 5 hides (£38 1s. 6d.), 385 dozen woollen cloth various prices (£28 13s. 3d.), and 14 lasts 11 Hamburgh barrels salmon (£26 17s.) in several ships; £222 10s. 1d.

Modern English Translation: The account of Robert Balmanoch and Malcolm Guthre, customars of the burgh of Dundee, [rendered at Edinburgh on 15 July 1477, for the period from 4 July 1476]. Charge: Custom of 6 lasts 6 sacks 21 stone of wool (£89 3s. 4d.), 5,975 woolfells (£39 15s.), 14 lasts 5 dacres 5 hides (£38 1s. 6d.), 385 dozen of woollen cloth at various prices (£28 13s. 3d.), and 14 lasts 11 Hamburgh barrels of salmon (£26 17s.) in several ships; £222 10s. 1d.

Historical Significance: This entry continues the record of Malcolm Guthre serving as one of the joint customars of Dundee. It reflects the ongoing collection of customs on wool, woolfells, hides, cloth, and salmon — Dundee’s key export commodities — during the later years of James III’s reign.

Genealogical Significance: This confirms that Malcolm Guthre continued to hold the office of custumar of Dundee into 1476–1477. Combined with earlier entries showing him as bailie (1470–1475) and provost (1476), it demonstrates his sustained and progressive involvement in Dundee’s civic and financial administration throughout the 1470s.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Custumar: An official responsible for collecting customs duties on goods exported from or imported into a royal burgh.
• Last, Stone, Dacre: Traditional Scottish units of measurement for bulk goods such as wool and hides.
• Woolfell: A sheepskin with the wool still attached, a major export commodity.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Page 516

Date: 8 July 1478 (account rendered at Linlithgow for the period from 19 July 1477; 2 terms)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Alexander Guthre of that Ilk (Alexandri Guthre de eodem)
• The late Sir David Guthre of that Ilk (quondam magistri David Guthre)

Role:

• Alexander Guthre: Bailie of the thanage of Kincardine alias Fethirkern
• David Guthre: Deceased (former Comptroller and other offices)

Summary Transcription: Computum Alexandri Guthre de eodem, ballivi thanagii de Kincardin alias Fethirkern, redditum apud Linlithqw octavo die mensis Julii… per David Strathauchin… Et eidem, ex errore calculi in pede compoti quondam magistri David Guthre anno septuagesimo secundo, ut patet in eodem, x s.

Modern English Translation: The account of Alexander Guthre of that Ilk, bailie of the thanage of Kincardine alias Fethirkern, rendered at Linlithgow on the 8th day of July… by David Strathauchin… And to the same, by error of calculation in the foot of the account of the late Master David Guthre in the year seventy-two, as appears in the same, 10 shillings.

Historical Significance: This entry contains an important administrative correction related to a previous account of the late Sir David Guthre. It shows the Exchequer’s careful auditing process, where errors from earlier accounts (even those belonging to deceased officials) were identified and adjusted in later years.

Genealogical Significance: This is a key timeline entry. It explicitly refers to “quondam magistri David Guthre” (the late Master David Guthre) and references an error in his account from 1472. This strongly supports the conclusion that Sir David Guthre had died by 1478 (and likely by or shortly after 1474, based on other evidence). The correction being made six years later demonstrates how long some accounting matters could remain open.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Quondam: “The late” or “formerly” — used to refer to a deceased person.
• Ex errore calculi: “By error of calculation” — a formal phrase used when correcting accounting mistakes.
• In pede compoti: “In the foot of the account” — referring to the final balance or summary section of a previous account.

Notes: This entry is significant because it contains one of the clearest references to Sir David Guthre’s death. The mention of an error in his 1472 account being corrected in 1478 shows the long administrative tail that could follow the death of a senior royal official. This page was previously processed with a focus only on Alexander Guthre; this revised entry now properly incorporates the important reference to the late David Guthre.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Pages 543–544

Date: 11 July 1478 (account rendered at Linlithgow for the period from 15 July 1457)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Malcolm Guthre (Malcomi Guthre)

Role:

• Joint Custumar of the burgh of Dundee (custumariorum burgi de Dunde), alongside Robert Balmanoch

Summary Transcription: Computum Roberti Balmanoch et Malcomi Guthre, custumariorum burgi de Dunde [Linlithgow, 11 July 1478, from 15 July 1457]. Charge: Custom of 2 lasts 5 sacks 15 st. wool (£34 3s. 4d.), 5 lasts 19 dacres 5 hides (£15 18s. 8d.), 900 5 score and 5 woolfells (£6 12s.), 216 dozen woollen cloth (£16 18s. 3d.), and 12 lasts 4 barrels salmon (£22 4s.); £95 16s. 3d.

Modern English Translation: The account of Robert Balmanoch and Malcolm Guthre, customars of the burgh of Dundee, [rendered at Linlithgow on 11 July 1478, for the period from 15 July 1457]. Charge: Custom of 2 lasts 5 sacks 15 stone of wool (£34 3s. 4d.), 5 lasts 19 dacres 5 hides (£15 18s. 8d.), 900 woolfells and 5 woolfells (£6 12s.), 216 dozen of woollen cloth (£16 18s. 3d.), and 12 lasts 4 barrels of salmon (£22 4s.); £95 16s. 3d.

Historical Significance: This entry continues the record of Malcolm Guthre serving as one of the joint customars of Dundee. The unusually long accounting period (from 1457) may indicate a cumulative or corrected account rather than a standard annual term.

Genealogical Significance: This confirms that Malcolm Guthre continued to hold the office of custumar of Dundee into 1478. Combined with earlier entries showing him as bailie (1470–1475), provost (1476), and custumar in multiple years, it demonstrates his sustained and prominent role in Dundee’s administration throughout the 1470s.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Custumar: An official responsible for collecting customs duties on goods exported from or imported into a royal burgh.
• Last, Stone, Dacre: Traditional Scottish units of measurement for bulk goods such as wool and hides.
• Woolfell: A sheepskin with the wool still attached, a major export commodity.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Pages 591–592

Date: 26 June 1479 (account rendered at Edinburgh for the period 8 July 1478 to 26 June 1479; 2 terms)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Alexander Guthre of that Ilk (Alexandri Guthre de eodem)

Role:

• Bailie of the thanage of Fethirkern alias Kincardin (ballivi thanagii Fethirkern alias Kincardin)

Summary Transcription: Computum Alexandri Guthre de eodem, ballivi thanagii Fethirkern alias Kincardin, redditum apud Edinburgh kerne. per David Straithauchin, ejus deputatum, [26 June 1479, from 8 July 1478; 2 terms.] Idem onerat se in primis de lj li. xiiij s. ij d. iij martis per arreragia ultimi compoti sui… [Followed by charges for the fermes and rents of the thanage, grassums (including from Balnakewin), and various discharges and allocations.]

Modern English Translation: The account of Alexander Guthre of that Ilk, bailie of the thanage of Fethirkern alias Kincardin, rendered at Edinburgh by David Straithauchin, his deputy, [on 26 June 1479, for the period from 8 July 1478; covering 2 terms]. He charges himself first with £51 14s. 2d. and three marten skins for the arrears of his last account… [He then accounts for the fermes and rents of the thanage for the two terms, including grassums from Balnakewin, along with various payments and allocations made during the accounting period.]

Historical Significance: This entry continues the annual accounting series for the thanage of Fethirkern (Kincardin). It is notable for being rendered by Alexander’s deputy, David Straithauchin, suggesting that Alexander may have been using a representative to handle the formal rendering of accounts by this time.

Genealogical Significance: Alexander Guthre continues to be styled “de eodem” in this 1479 account. This further confirms his status as head of the principal Guthrie family line following the death of his father, Sir David Guthre, in 1474. The consistent use of this styling across multiple years supports the established timeline of his succession.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Thanage: A territorial administrative unit retained for royal accounting purposes.
• Bailie: The official responsible for managing the lands and collecting rents within the thanage.
• Deputy (deputatus): A representative appointed to act on behalf of the bailie, particularly in rendering accounts at the Exchequer.
• De eodem: “Of that Ilk” — used to identify the head of the Guthrie family.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII, Pages 624–625

Date: 25 June 1479 (account rendered at Edinburgh for the period 11 July 1478 to 25 June 1479)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Malcolm Guthre (Malcomi Guthre)

Role:

• Joint Custumar of the burgh of Dundee (custumariorum burgi de Dunde), alongside Robert Balmanoch

Summary Transcription: Computum Roberti Balmanoch et Malcomi Guthre, custumariorum burgi de Dunde, [Edinburgh, 25 June 1479, from 11 July 1478]. Charge: Custom of 7 lasts 6 sacks 9 st. wool (£101 18s. 11d.), 6,480 woolfells (£43 4s. 5½d.), 13 lasts hides (£34 13s. 4d.), 400 5 score and 2 dozen woollen cloth various prices (£36 16s.), 8 lasts 6 Hamburgh barrels salted salmon (£15 6s.), 3,900 mulones (£3 18s.), and 3 barrels herrings (1s. 6d.); £235 18s. 2½d.

Modern English Translation: The account of Robert Balmanoch and Malcolm Guthre, customars of the burgh of Dundee, [rendered at Edinburgh on 25 June 1479, for the period from 11 July 1478]. Charge: Custom of 7 lasts 6 sacks 9 stone of wool (£101 18s. 11d.), 6,480 woolfells (£43 4s. 5½d.), 13 lasts of hides (£34 13s. 4d.), 400 woollen cloth and 2 dozen at various prices (£36 16s.), 8 lasts 6 Hamburgh barrels of salted salmon (£15 6s.), 3,900 mulones (£3 18s.), and 3 barrels of herrings (1s. 6d.); £235 18s. 2½d.

Historical Significance: This entry continues the record of Malcolm Guthre serving as one of the joint customars of Dundee. It reflects the ongoing collection of customs on wool, woolfells, hides, cloth, and salmon — Dundee’s principal export commodities — during the final years covered in this volume.

Genealogical Significance: This confirms that Malcolm Guthre continued to hold the office of custumar of Dundee into 1478–1479. Combined with earlier entries showing him as bailie (1470–1475), provost (1476), and custumar in multiple prior years, it demonstrates his sustained and prominent role in Dundee’s civic and financial administration throughout the 1470s.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Custumar: An official responsible for collecting customs duties on goods exported from or imported into a royal burgh.
• Last, Stone, Dacre: Traditional Scottish units of measurement for bulk goods such as wool and hides.
• Woolfell / Mulones: Types of sheepskins and related commodities, major export items.

Due to the significant high-profile roles filled by Sir David Guthrie of that Ilk during his lifetime, this volume contains many entries that are better consolidated rather than listed by individual description. These have been divided by role. The higher priority entries are found listed in the Primary Entries table and are listed above.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII – Consolidated: Clerk of the Rolls and Register, 1471

Date: 10 June 1471 (Exchequer session opening; accounts rendered June–August 1471 covering prior terms, primarily 1470–1471)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre of that Ilk (later Sir David, Knight)

Role:

• Clerk of the Rolls and Register (clericum rotulorum et registri) — listed among the specially deputed auditors for the Exchequer session
• Attestation as Clerk Register (p. 54)

Summary Transcription: (Abbreviated; full session heading on early page) “Scaccarium serenissimi principis … per … magistros Archibaldum Quhitlaw … David Guthre de eodem, clericum rotulorum et registri, Johannem Layng … auditores per supremum dominum nostrum regem specialiter deputatos.”

(Representative attestation context at p. 54 follows the same pattern of official witnessing in account proceedings.)

Modern English Translation: The Exchequer of our most serene prince and lord James III … held at Edinburgh and begun there on the tenth day of June in the year of the Lord 1471 … by … Masters Archibald Whitelaw … David Guthre of that Ilk, Clerk of the Rolls and Register, John Layng … auditors specially deputed by our supreme lord the King.

Historical Significance: This records David Guthre’s participation in the formal opening of the royal Exchequer audit under James III in 1471. The “Clerk of the Rolls and Register” was a senior administrative post responsible for the custody and authentication of official records and rolls during the auditing of national accounts. His inclusion among the deputed auditors underscores his trusted position at the heart of royal financial administration during a period of political tension in James III’s minority/reign.

Genealogical Significance: Confirms David Guthre’s high court and administrative standing by 1471, well before his documented bailieship of Kincardine (pp. 185, 225) and knighthood references. “Of that Ilk” ties him directly to the Guthrie lineage and barony in Forfarshire/Angus. This early central role complements his later local offices and supports the timeline of his career progression and influence, which benefited the family’s status and estates (including the later collegiate church foundation).

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Clericum rotulorum et registri: Clerk of the Rolls and Register — senior Exchequer officer responsible for records, authentication, and often acting as an auditor or witness.
• Auditores … specialiter deputatos: Auditors specially deputed by the King — the panel appointed to hear and determine the national accounts.
• Attestation: Formal witnessing or certification of account proceedings or documents. Scottish Exchequer practice involved periodic “compota” (accounts) rendered by officials, audited in formal sessions at Edinburgh, with named officers attesting to accuracy and authorizing payments.

Notes: These two pages capture David Guthre in his record-keeping/audit capacity at the start of the major 1471 Exchequer session. The p. 54 attestation is a routine but official confirmation role within the same administrative sphere. Cross-references: Individual entries for his later Kincardine bailieship (pp. 185, 225) and knighthood/captaincy (p. 240). No conflict with the “tunc computorum rotulatori” (Comptroller) descriptions in the payment entries — the offices were closely related or held concurrently/sequentially in this period. Location: Edinburgh (central audit) with strong Angus/Forfarshire family ties.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII – Consolidated: Comptroller 1470–1471

Date: Accounts rendered at Edinburgh, 10 June – 8 August 1471 (covering terms primarily 1470–1471, with some arrears from 1469 and earlier; David Guthre’s own computi rendered in months including August, September, November, December 1470, January–February 1471, etc.)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master David Guthre of that Ilk (later Sir David, Knight), then Comptroller (tunc computorum rotulatori)

Role:

• Comptroller / Clerk of the Accounts (computorum rotulatori) — recipient of numerous payments for royal household expenses
• Attestation of accounts as Comptroller
• Composition with, as Comptroller
• Sales of marts (cattle) and oatmeal by him as Comptroller
• Letting of customs (woollen cloth and salt of Edinburgh) as Comptroller

Summary Transcription: (Abbreviated; representative examples across the many accounts — full pattern repeats in sheriff, chamberlain, custumar, and receiver accounts)

Example 1 (sheriff account context): “Et per solucionem factam magistro David Guthre, tunc computorum rotulatori, ad expensas domicilii domini regis, de quibus reddidit computum, ut patet in computo suo reddito tercio Decembris, jc B.”

Example 2 (multiple similar): “Et eidem, per solucionem factam magistro David Guthre, tunc computorum rotulatori, … de quibus reddidit computum in mensibus Augusti, Decembris, et Januarii …”

Example 3 (sales/composition/letting references per index): Specific entries note marts sold by him (p. 89), oatmeal sold by him (p. 90), and letting of Edinburgh customs on woollen cloth and salt as Comptroller (p. 135). Attestations and compositions appear at the listed pages.

The pattern across ~40+ index references is consistent: payments authorized or made to Master David Guthre in his capacity as Comptroller for the expenses of the king’s household, for which he subsequently rendered his own detailed account.

Modern English Translation: “And by payment made to Master David Guthre, then Comptroller, for the expenses of the lord king’s household, for which he rendered account, as appears in his account rendered on the third of December, 100 pounds.”

(Repeated pattern): Payments made to him as Comptroller for royal household expenses, for which he rendered his own account (often in the autumn/winter months following the terms). Additional actions include sales of livestock and grain, compositions (agreements/fines), and leasing of customs revenues on his authority as Comptroller.

Historical Significance: These entries document David Guthre’s central role in managing and accounting for the royal household’s day-to-day expenses across Scotland during 1470–1471. As Comptroller he controlled significant funds, authorized payments, sold royal produce, and handled customs arrangements. This was a position of considerable trust and influence under James III, reflecting the concentration of power among a small group of court officials. The volume and geographic spread of the accounts (sheriffs and custumars from across the kingdom) highlight the national scope of his office.

Genealogical Significance: Reinforces David Guthre’s rapid rise and sustained high office in the 1470s. His control of household finances and produce sales would have generated both income and patronage opportunities that benefited the Guthrie family and estates in Angus/Forfarshire. The “of that Ilk” designation and later bailieship of Kincardine (pp. 185, 225) show the interplay between central court office and local landed power. These 1470–1471 references predate his knighthood references and the error note regarding his decease (p. 516, 1478), helping anchor the family timeline. No contradictory outside primary sources noted; consistent with known career trajectory.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Computorum rotulatori (or compotorum rotulatori): Comptroller or Clerk of the Accounts/Rolls — officer responsible for the king’s household accounts, receiving and disbursing funds, and rendering periodic computa.
• Solucionem factam: Payment made (to him).
• De quibus reddidit computum: For which he rendered (his own) account — standard requirement that the recipient account for funds received.
• Tunc: Then / at that time (indicating the office held during the period covered by the account being audited).
• Expensas domicilii domini regis: Expenses of the lord king’s household.
• Composition, marts, oatmeal, customs letting: Routine Comptroller functions involving fines/agreements, sale of royal livestock/grain, and farming out of customs revenues. Scottish practice: Annual or semi-annual rendering of “compota” (accounts) by officials at the Exchequer in Edinburgh, with cross-payments and attestations between officers (Comptroller, Treasurer, Clerk Register, etc.).

Indexed Pages: pp. 16, 18, 24, 37, 39, 44, 47, 51, 53, 54, 56, 60, 64, 65, 71, 74, 76, 80, 83, 85, 86, 87, 89, 90, 94, 99, 100, 101, 117, 121–124, 127, 128, 130–133, 135, 136, 146, 164 and related

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. VIII – Consolidated: Knight, Captain of the King’s Guard, and Auditor, 1473

Date: 26 June 1473 (Exchequer session held at Edinburgh; accounts rendered in the summer of 1473 covering prior terms, primarily 1472–1473)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Sir David Guthre of that Ilk (miles / knight)

Role:

• Knight and deputized Auditor (auditoribus … specialiter deputatis) in the formal Exchequer session
• Instrumental witness as Knight and Captain of the King’s Guard (p. 240 – individual entry already completed)

Summary Transcription: (Abbreviated; court composition / list of officials at the opening of the session on p. 139)

“… honorabilibus viris … secretario, David Guthre de eodem, milite, Thoma Simsone de Knokhill, computorum rotulatori … auditoribus per supremum dominum regem specialiter deputatis.”

The p. 240 entry (already processed individually) records him acting as instrumental witness in his capacity as Knight and Captain of the King’s Guard.

Modern English Translation: “… by honourable men … the secretary, David Guthre of that Ilk, knight, Thomas Symson of Knockhill, Comptroller … auditors specially deputed by our supreme lord the King.”

Historical Significance: By 1473 David Guthre had been knighted and was serving as one of the specially appointed auditors at the royal Exchequer. His inclusion in the formal list of officials overseeing the national accounts demonstrates his elevated status and the trust placed in him by James III. The additional reference to him as Captain of the King’s Guard (p. 240) points to a military or household security role alongside his financial and administrative duties — a common combination for trusted courtiers of the period. These roles place him at the intersection of royal finance, justice, and personal service to the crown during a turbulent phase of James III’s reign.

Genealogical Significance: This entry confirms that David Guthre was using the title “knight” (miles / of that Ilk) by mid-1473, consistent with the timeline of his career and the later references to him as Sir David. His participation as an auditor in the Exchequer session and as Captain of the King’s Guard underscores the family’s rising prominence and close connection to the royal court. The combination of central offices (auditor, captain of the guard) with his later local role as Bailie of Kincardine (pp. 185, 225) illustrates how the Guthries leveraged court favour to strengthen both their national influence and their landed position in Forfarshire/Angus. The 1478 error note regarding his decease (p. 516) suggests he remained active until at least the late 1470s.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Miles: Knight — formal title indicating elevation to the rank of knight.
• Auditoribus … specialiter deputatis: Auditors specially deputed (by the King) — the panel of officials appointed to hear, examine, and determine the royal accounts at the periodic Exchequer sessions.
• Instrumental witness: A formal witness to legal or administrative acts (often by instrument or deed).
• Captain of the King’s Guard: Military/household office responsible for the personal security of the monarch and possibly the royal household more broadly. Scottish Exchequer practice in this period involved formal sessions at Edinburgh where a named group of bishops, nobles, and officers (including knights) were deputed to audit accounts. Individuals could hold multiple overlapping roles (financial, administrative, and military/household).

VOLUME IX: 1480 – 1487

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX – Guthrie Index & Navigator

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX, Preface, p. xxxiv

Date: 1886 (publication date of the volume). The passage refers to practices during the period covered by the volume (1480–1487) and earlier.

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Guthry of that Ilk (likely Alexander Guthre of that Ilk)

Role:

• Favoured Crown tenant granted special permission to assign or sublet Crown lands

Summary Transcription:

“To assign or sublet was generally prohibited: but there are special permissions to do so given to favoured tenants, like Guthry of that Ilk, the Bishop of Dunkeld, Lord Avandale and his nephew, Drummond of Cargill, and Patrick Erskine.”

Modern English Translation: Assigning or subletting was generally forbidden. However, special permission to do so was granted to favoured tenants, such as Guthry of that Ilk, the Bishop of Dunkeld, Lord Avandale and his nephew Drummond of Cargill, and Patrick Erskine.

Historical Significance: This passage from the Preface highlights the strict controls placed on Crown land tenancies during the reign of James III. While subletting or assigning leases was normally prohibited, the Crown made exceptions for a small number of trusted and favoured individuals. The inclusion of Guthry of that Ilk among this select group (alongside high-ranking nobles and churchmen) indicates the family’s elevated status and the trust placed in them by the Crown.

Genealogical Significance: This is an important reference showing that the Guthries of that Ilk were regarded as favoured tenants of the Crown and were granted privileges not extended to ordinary tenants. It reinforces their position as significant landholders with close connections to royal administration. The cross-references (pp. 562, 575, 577, 636, 642, 647) point to specific instances in the volume where these permissions or related transactions involving Guthry of that Ilk are recorded.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Assign or sublet: Transferring a lease or allowing another party to occupy the land in place of the original tenant.
• Grassum: A lump-sum payment made at the start of a lease (in addition to annual rent).
• Introitus: An entry fee or payment made upon taking possession of leased land. Crown lands were leased by Commissioners (one of whom was usually the Comptroller). Special permissions to sublet were rare and reflected the tenant’s standing with the Crown.

Notes: This Preface entry provides valuable context for understanding the status of the Guthries in relation to Crown lands during the 1480s. It should be read alongside the main account entries (especially p. 11 and the arrears/sasine entries) and the specific pages referenced in the footnote. Location notes: Primarily concerns Crown lands in various parts of Scotland, with the Guthrie family’s interests centred in Forfarshire/Angus and Kincardine.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX, Pages 11–12

Date: Account rendered at Edinburgh on 13 July 1480 (covering the period 26 June 1479 to 13 July 1480).

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Alexander Guthre of that Ilk

Role:

• Bailie of the thanage of Kincardine (alias Fethirkern)

Summary Transcription:

“Compotum Alexandri Guthre de eodem, ballivi thanagii Fethirkern, alias Kincardin, redditum apud Edinburgh decimotercio die mensis Julii anno Domini etc. octuagesimo per David Straithauchin ejus deputatum, de omnibus receptis suis et expensis per firmas et redditus dicti thanagii a die vicesimosexto mensis Junii anni Domini etc. septuagesimononi usque in diem hujus compoti, et sic de duobus terminis infra hoc compotum. Idem onerat se in primis de lj li. xiiij s. ij d. iij martis per arreragia ultimi compoti sui… … Et computanti, pro feodo suo de anno compoti, xl s. Et dicto Alexandro Lesly, receptori, fatenti receptum super compotum, lvij li. xviij s. iiij d., pro quibus respondebit. Summa expensarum, lxxxij li. v s. iij rynmarte. Et sic restant lj li. xiiij s. ij d. iij rynmarte.”

Modern English Translation: The account of Alexander Guthre of that Ilk, bailie of the thanage of Fethirkern alias Kincardine, rendered at Edinburgh on the thirteenth day of July in the year of the Lord 1480 by David Straithauchin, his deputy, of all his receipts and expenses from the farms and revenues of the said thanage from the twenty-sixth day of June in the year of the Lord 1479 until the day of this account, being two terms within this account. He charges himself in the first place with £51 14s. 2d. and three marts from the arrears of his last account… … And to the accountant for his fee for the year of the account, 40s. And to the said Alexander Lesly, general receiver, acknowledging receipt upon the account, £57 18s. 4d., for which he will answer. Total of expenses: £82 5s. and three rynmarts. And so there remain £51 14s. 2d. and three rynmarts.

Historical Significance: This is the formal account of Alexander Guthre as bailie of the royal thanage of Kincardine (Fethirkern) for the period 1479–1480. It shows the routine administration of Crown lands, including the collection of rents (in money and kind), payment of arrears, authorised expenses, and the rendering of accounts to the Exchequer. The use of a deputy (David Straithauchin) indicates Alexander’s status and possibly his other commitments at court or elsewhere.

Genealogical Significance: This confirms Alexander Guthre of that Ilk continued to hold the important office of Bailie of Kincardine into the early 1480s. The account demonstrates his ongoing responsibility for significant royal lands in the region. His fee of 40s. and the structured nature of the account reflect his established position. This entry connects directly to the Preface reference (p. xxxiv) in which “Guthry of that Ilk” is named among favoured tenants granted special privileges regarding Crown lands.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Ballivus thanagii: Bailie of the thanage — royal official responsible for administering a thanage (a type of Crown estate) and collecting its revenues.
• Compotum: Account rendered to the Exchequer.
• Arreragia: Arrears from previous accounts.
• Firmae et redditus: Farms (fixed rents) and revenues.
• Rynmarts / stukemarts: Types of cattle or livestock used as payment in kind.
• Receptor generalis: General receiver (a senior financial official). Scottish Exchequer practice required bailies of Crown lands to render periodic accounts detailing receipts, authorised expenses, and balances remaining.

Notes: This is the first main account entry for Alexander Guthre in Volume IX. It covers two terms and shows both arrears carried forward and new obligations. The account was rendered by his deputy, suggesting Alexander may have been occupied with other duties. Cross-references: Preface p. xxxiv (special permissions granted to Guthry of that Ilk) and later arrears/sasine entries in this volume. Location: Primarily concerns the thanage of Kincardine/Fethirkern in Kincardineshire, with payments connected to Angus (Brechin).

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX, Pages 74–75

Date: Account rendered at Edinburgh on 6 July 1480 (covering the period from 25 June 1479 to the date of the account).

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Malcolm Guthre (one of the customars of the burgh of Dundee)

Role:

• Custumar (customs collector) of the burgh of Dundee

Summary Transcription:

“Compotum custumariorum burgi de Dunde, [Edinburgh, 6 July 1480, from 25 June 1479] usque in diem hujus compoti redditi per Malcolmum Guthre, alterum custumariorum dicti burgi. [Charge. Custom of 7 lasts 2 sacks 21 st. wool (£97 3s. 4d.), 4975 woolfells (£33 1s. 8d.), 7 lasts 12 dacres 5 hides (£20 6s. 8d.), 200 5 score and 6 dozen woollen cloth various prices (£22 11s. 9d.), 25 lasts 5 Hamburgh barrels salted salmon (£45 15s.), and 8090 mulones (£8 18s.); £227 16s. 5d.] Discharge. Fee of accountant, £3 15s. 11d.; of tronar, 6s.] Et pro superexpensis suis factis in ultimo compoto suo… Et eidem, per solucionem factam Fratribus Predicatoribus de Perth… Et eidem, per solucionem factam Alexandro Lesly de Wardris, receptori generali, lxviij li. xiij s. iiij d. pro quibus respondebit. Summa expensarum, iiijxxix li. xix s. iij d. ob. Et sic superexxposuit compotans xxix li. xj d. ob.”

Modern English Translation: The account of the customars of the burgh of Dundee, rendered at Edinburgh on 6 July 1480 from 25 June 1479 until the day of this account, rendered by Malcolm Guthre, one of the customars of the said burgh. [Charge includes customs on wool, woolfells, hides, woollen cloth, salted salmon, and sheepskins totalling £227 16s. 5d.] Discharge includes the fee of the accountant, payment to the Friars Preachers of Perth, and a large payment to Alexander Lesly of Wardris, general receiver (£68 13s. 4d.). Total expenses: £89 19s. 3½d. And so the accountant has over-expended by £29 0s. 11½d.

Historical Significance: This entry shows Malcolm Guthre actively serving as one of the customars of Dundee in 1480, responsible for collecting and accounting for the burgh’s customs revenues (on wool, hides, cloth, salmon, etc.). The account includes both routine fees and a significant over-expenditure carried forward, which was common when customars made authorised payments on behalf of the Crown before receiving full reimbursement.

Genealogical Significance: This confirms that Malcolm Guthre continued in the office of custumar of Dundee into the early 1480s. His role as one of the two customars (rendered “per Malcolmum Guthre, alterum custumariorum”) shows he held a position of financial responsibility for one of Scotland’s major trading burghs. This complements his earlier appearances in Volume VIII and helps trace his career in royal service.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Custumarii burgi: Customars of the burgh — officials responsible for collecting customs duties on goods entering or leaving the burgh.
• Compotum: Formal account rendered to the Exchequer.
• Superexpensae: Over-expenditure (when authorised payments exceeded receipts in the current account).
• Respondebit: “He will answer” — standard notation that the recipient is responsible for the sum. Scottish practice required burgh customars to render periodic accounts at the Exchequer, detailing all customs collected and authorised payments made.

Notes: Malcolm Guthre is explicitly named as rendering this account on behalf of the customars of Dundee. The large payment to Alexander Lesly, general receiver, and the carried-forward over-expenditure are typical features of these accounts. Cross-reference: Index entries for Malcolm Guthre as custumar of Dundee (pp. 74, 149, 190, 222). Location: Dundee (burgh customs) with payments to institutions in Perth and to the general receiver.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX, Pages 89–90

Date: Account rendered at Edinburgh on 6 July 1480 (covering the period from 25 June 1479).

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Malcolm Guthre

Role:

• Bailie of the burgh of Dundee (rendering the account in the name of the bailies)

Summary Transcription:

“Compotum ballivorum burgi de Dunde, redditum apud Edinburgh per Malcolmum Guthre nomine ballivorum ejusdem, [6 July 1480, from 25 June 1479]. Charge. Fermes, by feu-charter, £20. De quibus, allocate computanti per solucionem factam Fratribus Minoribus de Dunde… v li. Et eidem, per solucionem factam duobus capellanis celebrantibus in ecclesia cathedrali Brechinensi ex fundatione quondam Roberti domini Erskyn… vj li. xiij s. iiij d. … Et sic restant xxv li.”

Modern English Translation: The account of the bailies of the burgh of Dundee, rendered at Edinburgh by Malcolm Guthre in the name of the bailies of the same, [6 July 1480, from 25 June 1479]. Charge: Fermes by feu-charter, £20. From which are allowed to the accountant payment to the Friars Minor of Dundee… £5. And to him, payment made to two chaplains celebrating in Brechin Cathedral from the foundation of the late Robert Lord Erskine… £6 13s. 4d. … And so there remain £25.

Historical Significance: This entry records Malcolm Guthre rendering the account of the bailies of Dundee for the burgh fermes (fixed rents from feu-charters). The revenues were used to support religious institutions, including the Friars Minor of Dundee and chaplains in Brechin Cathedral. It illustrates the role of burgh bailies in managing civic revenues and fulfilling traditional pious and charitable obligations attached to burgh lands.

Genealogical Significance: This is a significant entry showing Malcolm Guthre acting not only as custumar (as seen on pp. 74–75) but also as a bailie of Dundee. His rendering of the account “nomine ballivorum ejusdem” (in the name of the bailies) indicates he held a leading position among the burgh’s magistrates. This dual role (custumar and bailie) highlights his prominence in Dundee’s civic and royal administration during the early 1480s.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Ballivi burgi: Bailies of the burgh — senior magistrates responsible for the administration and revenues of the burgh.
• Fermes by feu-charter: Fixed annual rents from lands held by feu (heritable tenure).
• Allocate: Allowed or deducted from the charge (account).
• Nomine ballivorum: In the name of the bailies — indicating he was acting as their representative. Burgh revenues from feu-charters were often used to support religious houses and chaplains as part of long-standing burgh obligations.

Notes: Malcolm Guthre appears here in a civic leadership role as bailie, in addition to his role as custumar (pp. 74–75). The payments to religious institutions reflect traditional burgh piety and patronage. Cross-references: Index entries listing Malcolm Guthre as custumar and as rendering accounts of the bailies of Dundee. Location: Dundee burgh revenues with payments linked to Dundee and Brechin.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX, Pages 131–132 

Date: 19 July 1481 

Guthrie(s) Identified: Alexander Guthre (Alexandri Guthre) 

Role: Former Bailie/Receiver (referenced regarding his arrears for Kincardine) 

Summary Transcription:

• Page 131: “Idem onerat se in primis de lj li. xiiij s. ij d. iij rinmartis per arreragia ultimi compoti redditi per compotantem, que sunt de arreragiis Alexandri Guthre de eodem, ut patet in pede ejusdem.”
• Page 132: “Et sic restant lj li. xiiij s. ij d. iij rynmarte, que sunt de arreragiis Alexandri Guthre.”

Modern English Translation:

• Page 131: He [David Straithauchin] charges himself first with £51 14s 2d and 3 rinmarts from the arrears of the last account rendered by the accountant, which are from the arrears of Alexander Guthre of that ilk, as appears at the foot of the same.
• Page 132: And thus there remains £51 14s 2d and 3 rynmarts, which are from the arrears of Alexander Guthre.

Historical Significance: Shows the administrative transition and financial tracking of the thanage of Kincardine. Alexander Guthrie had previously held a position responsible for collecting these revenues, and the new receiver, David Straithauchin, is formally taking over the accounting of Guthrie’s outstanding debts to the Crown. Genealogical Significance: Identifies “Alexander Guthre de eodem” (Alexander Guthrie of that Ilk), placing him as the head of the family estate in 1481 and continuing his direct association with the financial administration of Kincardine. Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• arreragiis (arrears): Unpaid debts or outstanding funds owed to the Exchequer from a previous accounting period.
• rinmartis / rynmarte: A Scottish term for a cow (mart) given as a portion of rent, typically due at the term of Martinmas.
• de eodem: “Of that ilk,” indicating the principal territorial designation of the family (Guthrie of Guthrie).
• onerat se: “Charges himself,” standard Exchequer terminology for an official acknowledging receipt or responsibility for funds.

Notes: The exact amount of arrears (£51 14s 2d and 3 rinmarts) is carried over from the beginning of the account on page 131 to the final balance on page 132, demonstrating that this specific debt of Alexander Guthrie’s was not paid off during this active accounting term.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX, Page 149

Date: 13 July 1481 (Account spanning from 25 June 1480)

Guthrie(s) Identified: Malcolm Guthre (Malcomum Guthre)

Role: Custumar of Dundee

Summary Transcription: “Compotum custumariorum burgi de Dunde, [Edinburgh, 13 July 1481], per Malcomum Guthre, custumarium ejusdem burgi, [from 25 June 1480.]”

Modern English Translation: Account of the custumars of the burgh of Dundee, [rendered at Edinburgh, 13 July 1481], by Malcolm Guthre, custumar of the same burgh, [from 25 June 1480].

Historical Significance: This entry highlights Malcolm Guthrie’s ongoing tenure as a primary customs official for Dundee, a major medieval Scottish trading port. The account reveals the economic scale of Dundee’s exports during this period, detailing significant trade volumes in wool, woolfells, salted hides, woolen cloth, salted salmon (shipped in “Hamburg barrels”), and mulones (likely salted fish, such as cod or ling). The total charge of £172 11s. 6½d. demonstrates the high financial responsibility of this role.

Genealogical Significance: Continues to firmly establish Malcolm Guthrie as an active, prominent civic and financial figure in Dundee throughout 1480 and 1481.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• custumarium: Custumar; the burgh official responsible for collecting the king’s “great custom” (taxes on exported staple goods).
• mulones: A term often used for a type of fish, typically salted or dried cod/ling/haddock, an important Scottish export.
• Tronar: The official responsible for weighing the heavy goods (like wool) at the public weigh-beam (the tron) to determine the tax owed.

Notes: The editors of the Exchequer Rolls heavily summarized the charge and discharge sections in English for this specific entry, leaving only the introductory clause and a specific payment to the Archbishop of St Andrews (for the priory of Restenneth) in the original Latin.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX, Pages 175–176

Date: 30 August 1482 (Account from 19 July 1481)

Guthrie(s) Identified: Alexander Guthre (Alexandri Guthre de eodem) and his unnamed father (ejus patris — historically Sir David Guthrie).

Role: Former Bailie and Receiver of Kincardine (Fethirkern)

Summary Transcription:

• Page 175: “Compotum David Strathachin, receptoris firmarum Fethirkern. thanagii de Kincardin alias de Fethirkern, [Stirling, 30 August 1482, from 19 July 1481 ; 2 terms.] Idem onerat se in primis de lj li. xiiij s. ij d. iij rynmartis per arreragia compoti Alexandri Guthre de eodem,”
• Page 176 (continuation of charge): “ballivi et tunc receptoris dictarum firmarum, ut patet in pede ejusdem.”
• Page 176 (discharge balance): “Et sic restant lj li. xiiij s. ij d. iij rynmarte, que sunt de arreragiis Alexandri Guthre de eodem et ejus patris.”

Modern English Translation:

• Pages 175–176 (Charge): Account of David Strathachin, receiver of the farms of the thanage of Kincardine otherwise of Fethirkern, [Stirling, 30 August 1482, from 19 July 1481; 2 terms]. He charges himself first with £51 14s 2d [and] 3 rynmarts from the arrears of the account of Alexander Guthre of that ilk, bailie and then receiver of the said farms, as appears at the foot of the same.
• Page 176 (Discharge Balance): And thus there remains £51 14s 2d [and] 3 rynmarts, which are from the arrears of Alexander Guthre of that ilk and of his father.

Historical Significance: This entry continues to track the persistent debt (£51 14s 2d and 3 rynmarts) owed to the Exchequer from the Kincardine accounts. Crucially, it clarifies that this arrear was not solely the fault of Alexander, but rather a compounded debt accumulated by both Alexander and his predecessor/father during their sequential tenures as bailies and receivers. The debt remains completely unpaid during this 1481–1482 accounting term.

Genealogical Significance: Provides direct, primary-source documentary evidence linking Alexander Guthrie of that Ilk (“de eodem”) to his father (“ejus patris”) in their shared administrative capacities over Kincardine. It confirms the generational transfer of both the royal office and its associated financial liabilities.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• ballivi et tunc receptoris: “Bailie and then receiver,” indicating the specific administrative titles held by the Guthries in managing the Crown lands.
• ejus patris: “Of his father,” establishing inherited legal/financial liability in the Exchequer records.

Notes: The arrears amount matches the previous entry exactly, showing it was simply carried forward on the books without any payments being made toward the balance by Alexander or the current receiver during this fiscal year.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX, Page 207

Date: 30 August 1482 (Account from 13 July 1481)

Guthrie(s) Identified: Malcolm Guthre (Malcomum Guthre)

Role: Representative for the Bailies of Dundee (“nomine ballivorum”)

Summary Transcription: “Compotum ballivorum burgi de Dunde, [Stirling, 30 August 1482], per Malcomum Guthre nomine ballivorum dicti burgi, [from 13 July 1481.]”

Modern English Translation: Account of the bailies of the burgh of Dundee, [rendered at Stirling, 30 August 1482], by Malcolm Guthre in the name of the bailies of the said burgh, [from 13 July 1481.]

Historical Significance: This entry records the annual payment of the burgh fermes (fixed rents) for Dundee. It demonstrates that Malcolm Guthrie, already known as a joint custumar of the burgh, was also trusted to travel to Stirling to formally render the accounts and handle the financial disbursements on behalf of the collective bailies of the town.

Genealogical Significance: Continues to document Malcolm Guthrie’s sustained civic prominence, legal representation, and financial authority within Dundee during the early 1480s.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• nomine ballivorum: “In the name of the bailies,” meaning he was acting as their authorized proxy or representative at the Exchequer audit.
• Fermes, by feu-charter: The fixed annual rent (in this case, £20) owed by a royal burgh to the Crown in exchange for its trading privileges and self-governance.
• Et sic eque: “And thus it balances,” indicating the accountant has successfully discharged all funds charged to them.

Notes: The charge is £20, and the discharge balances exactly after standard payments to local religious entities (the Minorites of Dundee, chaplains at Brechin, the prior of St Andrews) and noble officials (such as James Scrimgeour, Constable of Dundee, and Andrew, Lord Gray).

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX, Pages 222–223

Date: 1 July 1483 (Account covering 15 June 1482 to 24 November 1482)

Guthrie(s) Identified: Malcolm Guthre (Macolmi Guthre)

Role: Late Custumar of Dundee (“quondam custumarii de Dunde”)

Summary Transcription:

• Page 222: “Compotum Macolmi Guthre, quondam custumarii de Dunde, [Edinburgh, 1 July 1483, from 15 June 1482 to his death on 24th November 1482], et sic de primo termino hujus compoti.”
• Page 223: Records the discharge (expenses and payments) of his collected customs for this term, concluding with the standard balancing phrase: “Et sic eque.”

Modern English Translation: Account of Malcolm Guthre, late custumar of Dundee, [rendered at Edinburgh, 1 July 1483, from 15 June 1482 to his death on 24th November 1482], and thus for the first term of this account.

Historical Significance: This entry represents the final financial reckoning for Malcolm Guthrie’s tenure as Custumar of Dundee. It demonstrates that his accounts for his final term (up to Martinmas) were in perfect order, balancing exactly without leaving a debt to the Crown. The subsequent entry on page 223 shows David Skrimgeoure immediately assuming the office on the very day of Malcolm’s passing to handle the following Pentecost term.

Genealogical Significance: This is a vital genealogical record. It provides the exact date of death for Malcolm Guthrie: 24 November 1482.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• quondam: “Late” or “deceased,” a standard legal term denoting someone who has died prior to the rendering of the current account.
• primo termino: “First term,” referring to the first half of the Exchequer accounting year (typically ending around Martinmas in November).
• Et sic eque: “And thus it balances,” confirming the deceased official’s estate owed nothing further for this account.

Notes: Because the account balances perfectly, Malcolm Guthrie’s heirs or estate would not be pursued for arrears related to his collection of Dundee’s great custom during this period.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX, Pages 274–275

Date: 12 July 1484 (Account from 12 July 1483)

Guthrie(s) Identified: Alexander Guthre (Alexandri Guthre de eodem)

Role: Former Receiver of Kincardine (“olim receptoris dicti thanagii”)

Summary Transcription:

• Page 274: “Memorandum quod compotans non onerat se de lj li. xiiij s. ij d. per arreragia ultimi compoti Alexandri Guthre de eodem, olim receptoris dicti thanagii, quia non habuit in mandatis ad levandum hujusmodi summas nec iij rinmartas de eisdem arreragiis et dicti dominii, super quibus consulendus est rex.” (Margin note: Consulendus est rex.)
• Page 275: “…Et sic restant lj li. xiiij s. ij d. iij rinmarte, que sunt de arreragiis Alexandri Guthre de eodem, et pro quibus compellendus est ad solucionem.” (Margin note: Compellendus est Alexander Guthre.)

Modern English Translation:

• Page 274: Memorandum that the accountant [Thomas Fothringham] does not charge himself with £51 14s. 2d. for the arrears of the last account of Alexander Guthre of that ilk, formerly receiver of the said thanage, because he did not have it in his mandates [instructions] to levy such sums, nor the 3 rinmarts from the same arrears and of the said lordship, upon which the king is to be consulted.
• Page 275: …And thus there remains £51 14s. 2d. [and] 3 rinmarts, which are from the arrears of Alexander Guthre of that ilk, and for which he is to be compelled to payment.

Historical Significance: This entry marks a significant escalation regarding Alexander Guthrie’s persistent unpaid arrears from his tenure at Kincardine. The current receiver explicitly refuses to take responsibility for collecting the old debt without a direct mandate, requiring the auditors to note that the King must be consulted. By the end of the audit on page 275, a firm legal directive is issued: Alexander is to be forcibly compelled to pay the debt.

Genealogical Significance: This confirms that Alexander Guthrie of that Ilk was living as of July 1484, as the Exchequer is initiating active enforcement against him personally rather than against his estate or heirs.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• olim receptoris: “Formerly receiver,” officially noting his past title.
• consulendus est rex: “The king is to be consulted,” an Exchequer notation for administrative or financial matters requiring royal intervention or a direct ruling.
• compellendus est ad solucionem: “He is to be compelled to payment,” a legal instruction authorizing enforcement to collect the king’s debt.

Notes: The margin notes highlight the bureaucratic process of the Exchequer, flagging the issue first for royal review, and then recording the final ruling for enforcement against Alexander.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX, Pages 316–317 

Date: 6 July 1485 (Account from 12 July 1484) 

Guthrie(s) Identified: Alexander Guthre (Alexandri/Alexandrum Guthre de eodem) 

Role: Former Receiver of Kincardine (in arrears) 

Summary Transcription:

• Page 316: “Memorandum quod non onerat se de lj li. xiij s. ij d. iij rynmartis, que sunt de arreragiis Alexandri Guthre de eodem, ut patet in rotulis precedentibus.”
• Page 317: “…Et super Alexandrum Guthre de eodem lj li. xiiij s. ij d. iij rinmarte.”

Modern English Translation:

• Page 316: Memorandum that he [Thomas Fothringhame] does not charge himself with £51 14s. 2d. [and] 3 rynmarts, which are from the arrears of Alexander Guthre of that ilk, as appears in the preceding rolls.
• Page 317: …And upon Alexander Guthre of that ilk [remains the debt of] £51 14s. 2d. [and] 3 rinmarts.

Historical Significance: This entry illustrates the Exchequer’s administrative method for handling stagnant debts. Following the 1484 ruling that Alexander was to be legally compelled to pay, the current receiver (Fothringhame) officially protects himself by explicitly refusing to “charge himself” with Alexander’s burden. By the end of the account on page 317, the Exchequer formally isolates the debt, placing it directly “upon” Alexander Guthrie, ensuring it remains on the royal books without penalizing the active receiver. 

Genealogical Significance: Reaffirms Alexander Guthrie of that Ilk’s status as the sole debtor for the historical Kincardine accounts as of 1485. 

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• non onerat se: “Does not charge himself,” a critical protective phrase for an Exchequer accountant, preventing them from being held personally liable for a predecessor’s uncollected funds.
• ut patet in rotulis precedentibus: “As appears in the preceding rolls,” a standard bureaucratic cross-reference to earlier audits (referring back to the 1481–1484 entries).
• super Alexandrum: “Upon Alexander,” designating that the personal legal and financial liability rests entirely with him.

Notes: The debt remains exactly £51 14s. 2d. and 3 rinmarts. This indicates that absolutely no progress was made in collecting these funds over the past year, despite the enforcement order noted in the 1484 rolls.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX, Pages 396–397

Date: 27 July 1486 (Account from 6 July 1485) 

Guthrie(s) Identified: Alexander Guthre (Alexandrum Guthre de eodem) 

Role: Then/Former Receiver of Fethirkern (“tunc receptorem de Fethirkerne”) 

Summary Transcription:

• Page 396: The initial charge mentions “iij rinmartis” in arrears, but the massive £51 debt is notably absent from the opening lines of this account, confirming the isolation process begun in the previous year.
• Page 397: “…preter quinquaginta unam libram quatuordecim solidos duos denarios que restabant sicut adhuc restant super Alexandrum Guthre de eodem, tunc receptorem de Fethirkerne.”

Modern English Translation:

• Page 397: …besides fifty-one pounds fourteen shillings two pence which remained, as they still remain, upon Alexander Guthre of that ilk, then receiver of Fethirkerne.

Historical Significance: This entry confirms the permanent, segregated status of Alexander Guthrie’s debt. The current receiver (Thomas Fothringhame) is no longer required to even mention the £51 at the start of his account. Instead, the Exchequer simply tacks on a closing caveat stating that the old debt still exists, still hasn’t been paid, and still rests entirely on Alexander Guthrie as the former receiver. 

Genealogical Significance: Proves Alexander Guthrie of that Ilk was still alive as of July 1486 and still indebted to the Crown for his time in royal office at Fethirkern. 

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• preter: “Besides” or “except for,” used here to separate the active, balancing account from the stagnant, outstanding debt.
• sicut adhuc restant: “As they still remain,” emphasizing the persistent, unresolved nature of the arrears year after year.
• tunc receptorem: “Then receiver,” officially recognizing his past title in the context of the debt.

Notes: The Exchequer spells out the debt in words rather than Roman numerals here: quinquaginta unam libram (51 pounds) quatuordecim solidos (14 shillings) duos denarios (2 pence). It is exactly the same amount he has owed since 1481.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX, Pages 480–481

Date: 7 July 1487 (Account from 27 July 1486) 

Guthrie(s) Identified: Alexander Guthre (Alexandrum Guthre de eodem) 

Role: Then/Former Receiver of Fethirkern (“tunc receptorem de Fethirkern”)

Summary Transcription:

• Page 480: “Memorandum quod restabant super Alexandrum Guthre de eodem, tunc receptorem de Fethirkern, lj li. xiiij s. ij d., sicut adhuc restant, et scribendum est vicecomiti de Forfair distringere terras et bona dicti Alexandri, non habentis in terris neque bonis infra balliam compotantis, cum quibus onerandus erit dictus vicecomes.” (Margin note: Onerandus est vicecomes de Forfar.)
• Page 481: “…preter restam Alexandri Guthre.”

Modern English Translation:

• Page 480: Memorandum that there remained upon Alexander Guthre of that ilk, then receiver of Fethirkern, £51 14s. 2d., as they still remain, and it is to be written to the sheriff of Forfar to distrain the lands and goods of the said Alexander, [he] not having lands nor goods within the bailiary of the accountant, with which the said sheriff will be charged.
• Page 481: …besides the arrears of Alexander Guthre.

Historical Significance: This entry represents a major escalation in the Crown’s attempt to recover the £51 14s. 2d. debt. After years of the debt sitting passively on the books, the Exchequer is finally taking direct physical action. Because Alexander holds no assessable lands or goods within Kincardineshire (the current accountant’s jurisdiction), the Exchequer issues an official mandate to the Sheriff of Forfar to seize (distrain) Alexander’s property to cover the debt. The margin note officially transfers the burden of collection to the Sheriff of Forfar.

Genealogical Significance: This firmly links Alexander Guthrie’s financial and legal identity to Forfarshire (Angus). The fact that the Sheriff of Forfar is ordered to seize his assets perfectly aligns with his designation as “of that ilk,” confirming that his primary lands and wealth (the Barony of Guthrie) are located in Forfar, not Kincardine where he previously served as receiver.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• distringere: “To distrain,” a legal term meaning to seize someone’s property to force them to pay a debt.
• vicecomiti / vicecomes: “Sheriff,” the local royal official responsible for law enforcement and debt collection.
• infra balliam compotantis: “Within the bailiary of the accountant,” referring to the geographical jurisdiction of Kincardine, where the current accountant has authority.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX, Appendix (Rentals), Pages 576–577

Date: Last Day of February (Rental settings, likely circa 1480–1484, referencing terms established earlier) 

Guthrie(s) Identified: Alexander Guthre (Alexandro Guthre de eodem) 

Location: Balnabreich (within the Lordship of Brechin and Nevar)

Summary Transcription:

• Page 576: Mentions the heading for the rentals: DOMINIA DE BRECHIN ET NEVAR ASSEDATA APUD BRECHIN ULTIMO FEBRUARII.
• Page 577: “Balnabreich assedatur Alexandro Guthre de eodem pro terminis trium annorum a festo Penthecostes ut supra, inde pecunia xviij li. xij s. viij d., cum serviciis consuetis, grassuma tantum, cum licencia habendi subtenentes, et acceptavit assedacionem ad voluntatem domini regis ex eo quod clamat habere feodifirmam.” (Margin note: Balnabreich.)

Modern English Translation:

• Page 577: Balnabreich is set [leased] to Alexander Guthre of that ilk for the terms of three years from the feast of Pentecost as above, thence in money £18 12s. 8d., with customary services, [and] a grassum [entry fee] of the same amount, with license to have subtenants, and he has accepted the lease at the will of the lord king from the fact that he claims to have it in feu-ferm [heritable tenure].

Historical Significance: This entry from the royal rentals reveals a complex land dispute between Alexander Guthrie and the Crown regarding the lands of Balnabreich in Angus. While the Crown views the land as standard royal property to be leased out for a three-year term, Alexander is accepting this short-term lease “at the will of the king” only because he actually claims to hold the land in feu-ferm—meaning he believes he has a permanent, heritable right to the property. This indicates ongoing legal maneuvering over land rights in the region.

Genealogical Significance: Places Alexander Guthrie of that Ilk actively managing and claiming long-term ownership of the lands of Balnabreich, firmly rooting his territorial interests in the Brechin area of Forfarshire alongside his primary barony.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• assedatur: “Is set” or leased.
• grassuma: “Grassum,” an upfront fee paid by a tenant upon receiving or renewing a lease, often equal to a year’s rent.
• cum licencia habendi subtenentes: “With license to have subtenants,” giving him the right to act as a landlord over the property.
• clamat habere feodifirmam: “Claims to have [it in] feu-ferm,” a significant legal claim asserting permanent, heritable ownership in exchange for a fixed annual payment, rather than a temporary leasehold.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. IX, Appendix, Pages 680–682

Date: 1480 and 1481 (Recorded in the Libri Responsionum or Books of Responde) 

Guthrie(s) Identified: Alexander Guthre (Alexandri Guthre) and Robert Guthre (Roberti Guthre) 

Locations: Forfarshire and Kincardineshire

Summary Transcription:

• Page 681 (Year 1480 section, under Forfar): “Sa. Alexandri Guthre t. Balnabreich, Guthre.”
• Page 682 (Year 1481 section, under Kincardin): “Sa. Roberti Guthre t. Glensalch.”

Modern English Translation:

• Page 681: Sasine [legal possession/infeftment] to Alexander Guthre of the lands of Balnabreich [and] Guthre.
• Page 682: Sasine to Robert Guthre of the lands of Glensalch.

Historical Significance: The Libri Responsionum recorded the fees due to the Crown by sheriffs when heirs were served heir to their ancestors or when individuals were officially granted legal possession of lands (infeftment).

• Alexander Guthrie’s 1480 entry officially links his possession of the core barony of Guthrie with the lands of Balnabreich in Forfarshire. This legal sasine directly supports his later claim (seen on pages 576–577) that he held Balnabreich permanently in feu-ferm, rather than as a simple short-term lease from the Crown.
• Robert Guthrie’s 1481 entry introduces another family member holding land (Glensalch/Glensauch) in Kincardineshire. This places another Guthrie in the exact county where Alexander was simultaneously struggling with his significant financial arrears as receiver.

Genealogical Significance:

• Alexander Guthrie (1480): Confirms his official legal title to the barony of Guthrie in Forfarshire and formalizes his claim to the lands of Balnabreich. This provides concrete evidence of his territorial holdings and social standing within Forfarshire during this period.
• Robert Guthrie (1481): Introduces a new family member holding land at Glensauch (Glensalch) in Kincardineshire. The presence of another Guthrie managing property in the same county where Alexander was struggling with royal arrears suggests a concentrated family presence across the Kincardine/Forfar border region, providing a potential geographical link between Alexander’s professional activities as a receiver and his family’s land interests.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Sa. (Sasina): “Sasine,” the physical and legal act of transferring property ownership in Scots law, usually involving the symbolic handing over of earth and stone on the property itself.
• t. (terrarum): “Of the lands [of]”.

VOLUME X: 1488 – 1496

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. X – Guthrie Index & Navigator

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. X, Pages 110–112

Date 16 July 1489 (covering the period from 7 July 1487)

Guthrie Individual Alexander Guthre of that Ilk

Role Former receiver of Fethirkern (“tunc receptorem dicti dominii”)

Summary Transcription “Memorandum quod restabant super Alexandrum Guthre de eodem, tunc receptorem dicti dominii, lj li. xiiij s. ij d., sicut adhuc restant… Et mandatur compotanti quatenus levet literas domini regis vicecomiti de Forfar directas ad distringendum pro hujusmodi summis.”

Modern English Translation “Memorandum that there remained upon Alexander Guthre of that ilk, then receiver of the said lordship, £51 14s. 2d., as they still remain… And it is ordered to the accountant that he should raise the letters of the lord king directed to the sheriff of Forfar for distraining for such sums.”

Historical Significance This entry serves as a formal, ongoing record of the debt of £51 14s. 2d. attributed to Alexander Guthre from his time as receiver of Fethirkern. The Crown intensified its efforts to resolve this by ordering the accountant to secure royal letters directed to the Sheriff of Forfar, explicitly authorizing the seizure of goods or property (distraint) to satisfy this long-standing arrears.

Genealogical Significance The entry confirms Alexander Guthre’s continued status as a debtor to the Crown and reinforces his primary jurisdictional link to Forfarshire, where the sheriff was ordered to take action against his assets. It demonstrates that his tenure as receiver was not only a professional role but one that left him personally and legally entangled with the royal exchequer for several years.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

tunc receptorem: “Then receiver,” used here to officially note his past role as the administrative officer responsible for the collection of the lordship’s revenues.

distringendum: “To distrain,” a legal procedure in which an official is empowered to seize property to force the payment of a debt.

vicecomiti de Forfar: “Sheriff of Forfar,” the royal official tasked with local law enforcement and debt recovery in Forfarshire.

hujusmodi summis: “For such sums,” referring to the specific amount of £51 14s. 2d. being claimed by the Crown.

Notes This document clarifies that the debt remains unresolved as of 1489. The active transition from passive accounting to an active mandate for distraint suggests the Exchequer was escalating its collection process against Alexander Guthre.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. X, Pages 215–216

Date 14 July 1490 (covering the period from 16 July 1489)

Guthrie Individual Alexander Guthre of that Ilk

Role Former receiver of the thanage of Fethirkern

Summary Transcription “Idem oneratur in primis de lx li. xij s. vj d. xij rynmartis restantibus super Alexandrum Guthre et Thomam Fothringham, ut patet in compoto rotuli anni precedentis… Et sic restant super Alexandrum Guthre quinquaginta una libre quatuordecim solidi duo denarii, et super Thomam Fothringham octo libre octodecim solidi lx li. xij s. vj d. xij rynmarte.”

Modern English Translation “The same is charged in the first place with £60 12s. 6d. and 12 rynmarts remaining upon Alexander Guthre and Thomas Fothringham, as appears in the account roll of the preceding year… And thus there remain upon Alexander Guthre fifty-one pounds fourteen shillings two pence, and upon Thomas Fothringham eight pounds eighteen shillings [totaling] £60 12s. 6d. and 12 rynmarts.”

Historical Significance This entry documents the ongoing status of the financial arrears involving Alexander Guthre and Thomas Fothringham. By 1490, the Crown continued to carry forward this debt, acknowledging that a portion of the original outstanding balance remained linked specifically to Alexander Guthre’s past term as receiver, while distinguishing the portion owed by Thomas Fothringham.

Genealogical Significance This record serves as a continuation of the financial accountability process, confirming that Alexander Guthre’s specific liability of £51 14s. 2d. remained consistent with the previous year’s record. The Exchequer’s insistence on tracking these individual debts year-over-year highlights the enduring nature of his administrative obligations and the Crown’s formal monitoring of his financial status.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Restantibus super: “Remaining upon,” the standard Exchequer phrase for recording outstanding debts or arrears charged against an individual.
• Compoto rotuli anni precedentis: “Account roll of the preceding year,” indicating the process of rotuli or roll-over accounting where unpaid balances were carried forward to ensure the debt was not lost.
• Rynmartis: A type of cattle or livestock payment-in-kind frequently recorded in the accounts of royal thanages like Fethirkern.

Notes The records for 1490 indicate that while the total arrears were being accounted for, the specific amounts attributed to Alexander Guthre and Thomas Fothringham were being tracked separately, confirming that the Exchequer maintained clear internal records regarding each individual’s liability.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. X, Pages 289–290

Date 21 June 1491 (covering the period from 14 July 1490)

Guthrie Individual Alexander Guthre of that Ilk

Role Former receiver of the thanage of Fethirkern

Summary Transcription “Idem oneratur in primis cum lx li. xij s. vj d. xij rynmartis restantibus super Alexandrum Guthre et quondam Thomam Fothringham per arreragia ultimi compoti dicti Thome, ut patet in compoto dicti Thome reddito anno octuagesimo nono.”

Modern English Translation “The same is charged in the first place with £60 12s. 6d. and 12 rynmarts remaining upon Alexander Guthre and the late Thomas Fothringham for the arrears of the last account of the said Thomas, as appears in the account of the said Thomas rendered in the year eighty-nine [1489].”

Historical Significance By 1491, the arrears continued to be carried forward against both Alexander Guthre and the late Thomas Fothringham. The explicit notation that Thomas Fothringham was “quondam” (late/deceased) signifies that the Crown was now holding the surviving individual, Alexander Guthre, accountable for the combined outstanding balance originally tied to both men’s administrative roles.

Genealogical Significance This record provides crucial evidence that by 1491, Thomas Fothringham had passed away, leaving Alexander Guthre as the primary party linked to these long-standing Exchequer arrears. The persistence of this specific debt across multiple volumes and years highlights the legal difficulty the Crown faced in settling accounts from this period.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Quondam: “Late” or “deceased,” used to note that Thomas Fothringham was no longer living.
• Arreragia: “Arrears,” denoting the debt carried forward from previous years’ accounts.
• Restantibus super: “Remaining upon,” the standard Exchequer notation used to track outstanding liabilities against specific officials.

Notes The Exchequer rolls consistently link these two men in the arrears records of Fethirkern, but the designation of Fothringham as deceased marks a shift in how the debt was documented in the 1491 rolls.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. X, Pages 338–339

Date 3 July 1492 (covering the period from 21 June 1491)

Guthrie Individual Alexander Guthre of that Ilk

Role Former receiver of the thanage of Fethirkern

Summary Transcription “Idem oneratur in primis cum lx li. xij s. vj d. xij rinmartis restantibus super Alexandrum Guthre de eodem et quondam Thomam Fothringame de Powre per arreragia ultimi compoti dicti Thome, ut patet in compoto suo reddito anno nonagesimoprimo.”

Modern English Translation “The same is charged in the first place with £60 12s. 6d. and 12 rynmarts remaining upon Alexander Guthre of that ilk and the late Thomas Fothringame of Powre for the arrears of the last account of the said Thomas, as appears in his account rendered in the year ninety-one [1491].”

Historical Significance The entry confirms that as of 1492, the Crown continued to carry forward the outstanding debt of £60 12s. 6d. and 12 rynmarts, which remained charged against the accounts of Alexander Guthre and the late Thomas Fothringame. Despite the passage of time and the death of Fothringame, the Exchequer maintained the formal linkage of this specific arrears balance to the original administrative record established in 1491.

Genealogical Significance This document serves as a recurring record of Alexander Guthre’s financial entanglement with the royal thanage of Fethirkern. By continuing to group his liability with the deceased Thomas Fothringame, the record illustrates the bureaucratic persistence of the Crown in tracking these debts until they were officially settled or discharged.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Restantibus super: “Remaining upon,” the standard Exchequer phrase to denote outstanding debt.
• Quondam: “Late” or “deceased,” used here to identify Thomas Fothringame.
• Rinmartis (or Rynmartis): A type of cattle or livestock tax payment collected within the thanage system.

Notes The persistence of this debt entry through the 1492 account underscores that the legal or financial resolution of Alexander Guthre’s arrears had not yet been finalized by the Exchequer.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. X, Pages 413–414

Date 21 June 1494 (covering the period from 17 July 1493)

Guthrie Individual Alexander Guthre of that Ilk

Role Former receiver of the thanage of Fethirkern

Summary Transcription “Idem oneratur in primis de lx li. xij s. vj d. xij rynmartis per arreragia ultimi compoti Alexandri Guthre de eodem et quondam Thome Fothringhame de Powry… Et sic restant lj li., que sunt de arreragiis Alexandri Guthre de eodem.”

Modern English Translation “The same is charged in the first place with £60 12s. 6d. and 12 rynmarts for the arrears of the last account of Alexander Guthre of that ilk and the late Thomas Fothringhame of Powry… And thus remain £51, which are of the arrears of Alexander Guthre of that ilk.”

Historical Significance By 1494, the Exchequer had clarified the liability regarding the long-standing arrears. While the debt was previously grouped with the late Thomas Fothringhame, this entry explicitly isolates £51 as the specific portion remaining upon Alexander Guthre. Furthermore, it reiterates the command to the Sheriff of Forfar to distrain the goods of the debtors to recover these sums.

Genealogical Significance This entry is a significant milestone in tracking Alexander Guthre’s financial obligations, as it effectively separates his personal debt from the estate or heirs of Thomas Fothringhame. It confirms that the Crown continued to hold Alexander Guthre personally responsible for the balance of his former receivership duties.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Arreragia: “Arrears,” representing the outstanding financial balance from previous years.
• Distringendum: “To distrain,” referring to the ongoing legal mandate for the Sheriff of Forfar to seize assets to satisfy the debt.
• Quondam: “Late” or “deceased,” used here to identify the late Thomas Fothringhame.

Notes The separation of the debt into a specific figure of £51 charged to Alexander Guthre suggests an administrative effort to finalize or streamline the collection process for his outstanding account.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. X, Pages 497–498

Date 13 August 1495 (covering the period from 21 June 1494)

Guthrie Individual Alexander Guthre of that Ilk, knight (“militis”)

Role Former receiver of the thanage of Fethirkern

Summary Transcription “Idem onerat se de lj li. per arreragia ultimi compoti, que sunt de arreragiis Alexandri Guthre de eodem, militis, ut patet in pluribus compotis precedentibus, pro quibus vocandus est dictus Alexander.”

Modern English Translation “The same charges himself with £51 for the arrears of the last account, which are of the arrears of Alexander Guthre of that ilk, knight, as appears in several preceding accounts, for which the said Alexander is to be summoned.”

Historical Significance By 1495, the Crown’s administrative process regarding Alexander Guthre’s debt reached a new stage. The Exchequer record now explicitly labels him as “militis” (knight) and notes that he is “vocandus” (to be summoned) regarding these arrears. This shift suggests a more formal legal summons or a direct requirement for his appearance in connection to the long-standing debt of £51.

Genealogical Significance The title “militis” (knight) attached to Alexander Guthre provides significant genealogical context, distinguishing his social standing during this period. The requirement that he be summoned indicates his continued personal involvement in this financial dispute, reinforcing his identification as the specific individual held liable by the Crown.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Militis: “Knight,” a mark of social and feudal rank.
• Vocandus est: “Is to be summoned,” a formal legal instruction indicating that the individual must be called before the authorities to answer for the debt.
• Arreragia: “Arrears,” denoting the unpaid balance of £51 that persisted from his time as receiver.

Notes The move to formally summon Alexander Guthre in 1495 reflects an escalation in the Exchequer’s efforts to collect the remaining £51, which has been consistently tracked since it was isolated from the larger balance in 1494.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. X, Pages 547–548

Date 21 June 1496 (covering the period from 13 August 1495)

Guthrie Individual Alexander Guthre of that Ilk, knight (“militis”)

Role Former receiver of the thanage of Fethirkern

Summary Transcription “Idem oneratur in primis de lj li. per arreragia ultimi compoti, que sunt de arreragiis Alexandri Guthre de eodem, militis, ut patet in rotulis precedentibus, pro quibus vocatus est ad presens scaccarium.”

Modern English Translation “The same is charged in the first place with £51 for the arrears of the last account, which are of the arrears of Alexander Guthre of that ilk, knight, as appears in the preceding rolls, for which he has been summoned to the present exchequer.”

Historical Significance By 1496, the records indicate that the process against Alexander Guthre had moved from a general summons to an active appearance requirement, as the roll notes he “has been summoned to the present exchequer” regarding the outstanding £51 balance. This reflects the Exchequer’s continued, formal pressure to resolve this specific debt, which has been consistently tracked as his personal liability for several years.

Genealogical Significance The repeated identification of Alexander Guthre as “militis” (knight) in these late entries confirms his established status within the Scottish nobility during this period. His presence in the 1496 rolls in connection with this long-standing debt provides a definitive timeline for his continued involvement in royal administrative affairs.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Vocatus est ad presens scaccarium: “Has been summoned to the present exchequer,” a formal legal step indicating the individual was called to appear before the court to address the arrears.
• Arreragia: “Arrears,” representing the unpaid sum of £51 that remains charged against Alexander Guthre.
• Militis: “Knight,” denoting his feudal rank.

Notes The 1496 record represents the culmination of the Exchequer’s years-long documentation of Alexander Guthre’s debt, signaling an active effort to bring the matter to a conclusion through his summons to the court.

VOLUME XI: 1497 – 1501

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XI – Guthrie Index & Navigator

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XI, Pages 3–4

Date 20 June 1497 (covering the period from 21 June 1496)

Guthrie Individual Sir Alexander Guthre of that Ilk, knight

Role Former receiver of the thanage of Fethirkern

Summary Transcription “Idem onerat se de lj li. per arreragia ultimi compoti, que sunt de arreragiis Alexandri Guthre de eodem, militis, ut patet in rotulis precedentibus, pro quibus vocandus est… Et sic restant lj li. de arreragiis Alexandri Guthre militis.”

Modern English Translation “The same charges himself with £51 for the arrears of the last account, which are of the arrears of Alexander Guthre of that ilk, knight, as appears in the preceding rolls, for which he is to be summoned… And thus remain £51 of the arrears of Alexander Guthre, knight.”

Historical Significance As of 1497, the Crown persisted in charging the £51 balance to Sir Alexander Guthre. The roll continues to designate him as a knight and mandates that he be summoned regarding this longstanding financial obligation.

Genealogical Significance The continued application of the title “knight” (militis) confirms Sir Alexander’s sustained status within the Scottish nobility during this period. The explicit linkage to the arrears of Fethirkern provides ongoing evidence of his administrative and financial history with the Crown.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Arreragia: “Arrears,” representing the unpaid balance.
• Vocandus est: “He is to be summoned,” indicating a continued requirement for his appearance to address the debt.
• Militis: “Knight,” signifying feudal rank.

Notes The 1497 entries reflect no change in the status or amount of the debt from the previous year, showing that the matter remained unresolved as the Exchequer entere

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XI, Pages 170–171

Date 28 June 1499 (covering the period from 20 June 1497)

Guthrie Individual Sir Alexander Guthre of that Ilk, knight (“militis”)

Role Former chamberlain of the thanage of Fethirkern

Summary Transcription “Idem onerat se in primis de lj li. de arreragiis Alexandri Guthre de eodem militis, tunc camerarii ejusdem thanagii, ut patet in rotulis precedentibus… Et restant super Alexandrum Guthre de eodem militem lj li.”

Modern English Translation “The same charges himself first with £51 from the arrears of Alexander Guthre of that ilk, knight, then chamberlain of the same thanage, as appears in the preceding rolls… And there remain upon Alexander Guthre of that ilk, knight, £51.”

Historical Significance The record confirms that as of 1499, the debt of £51 is still outstanding and directly charged to Sir Alexander Guthre. The entry explicitly identifies these as arrears from his previous tenure as chamberlain of the thanage, noting that he is no longer occupying this role.

Genealogical Significance The continued application of the title “knight” (militis) confirms Sir Alexander’s sustained status within the Scottish nobility during this period. The explicit linkage to the arrears of Fethirkern provides ongoing evidence of his administrative and financial history with the Crown.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Arreragia: “Arrears,” representing the unpaid balance of £51.
• Camerarii: “Chamberlain,” the administrative role held by Alexander Guthre during the period these arrears were incurred.
• Militis: “Knight,” denoting his feudal rank.

Notes Despite the passage of years documented across volumes, this record illustrates the Crown’s continued, persistent enforcement of this specific financial claim against Sir Alexander Guthre.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XI, Pages 283–284

Date 1501 (covering the account held at Edinburgh on 15 June 1501)

Guthrie Individual Sir Alexander Guthre of that Ilk, knight (“militis”)

Role Former chamberlain of the thanage of Fethirkern

Summary Transcription “Et restant lj li. de arreragiis Alexandri Guthre militis, tunc camerarii, etc. pro qua summa idem Alexander composuit cum dicto… et compotorum rotulatore pro triginta libris Johanni Strivelin, compotorum rotulatori, per obligacionem dicti Alexandri solutis…”

Modern English Translation “And there remain £51 of the arrears of Alexander Guthre, knight, then chamberlain, etc., for which sum the same Alexander compounded with the said… and the comptroller of accounts for thirty pounds, paid to John Strivelin, comptroller of accounts, by the obligation of the said Alexander…”

Historical Significance This entry marks the final resolution of the long-standing £51 debt. By 1501, Sir Alexander Guthre formally “compounded” (reached a settlement) for the total outstanding sum of £51, settling the obligation for a payment of £30 to John Strivelin, the comptroller of accounts.

Genealogical Significance The record provides a definitive endpoint to the multi-year financial tracking of Sir Alexander’s arrears. The successful settlement of this debt demonstrates his continued engagement with the Crown’s administrative processes and his ability to negotiate a formal conclusion to this persistent financial liability.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Composuit: “Compounded” or “settled,” indicating a negotiated agreement to resolve the debt for a sum lower than the total amount originally charged.
• Obligacionem: “Obligation” or “bond,” the formal instrument used to secure the payment of £30 in settlement.
• Militis: “Knight,” maintaining his established noble title in the final settlement record.

Notes The final phrase “Et sic eque” (And thus it is balanced/quit) confirms that with this payment, the account was considered settled and the debt cleared.

VOLUME XII: 1502 – 1507

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XII – Guthrie Index & Navigator

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XII, Page 715

Date 1504

Guthrie Individual Guthre (the lands of)

Role Subject of sasine (legal possession of property)

Summary Transcription “Sa. Waltero Dempster t. Guthre.”

Modern English Translation “Sasine to Walter Dempster of the lands of Guthre.”

Historical Significance This entry, appearing in the Libri Responsorum (Books of Replies), documents the formal granting of sasine—the feudal ceremony of giving possession of land—to Walter Dempster for the lands of Guthre in Forfar.

Genealogical Significance This record indicates a transfer of possession or formal recognition of title concerning the lands of Guthrie to an individual outside of the direct Guthrie surname, Walter Dempster, in 1504.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

t. (terras): Denotes “lands of,” identifying the property being transferred.

Sasine (Sa.): A legal act in Scots law transferring feudal possession of land.

Libri Responsorum: The “Books of Replies” which recorded the responses of sheriffs regarding the delivery of sasine to heirs or new proprietors.

VOLUME XIII: 1508 – 1513

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XIII – Guthrie Index & Navigator

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XIII, Page 520

Date 29 July 1513 (covering the period from 2 February 1512)

Guthrie Individual Master Thomas Guthre

Role Recipient of payments/deliveries (on behalf of the Secretary)

Summary Transcription “…et magistro Thome Guthre in sex barilibus nomine ejusdem secretarii per preceptum episcopi Cathanensis…”

Modern English Translation “…and to Master Thomas Guthre in six barrels in the name of the same secretary by the command of the Bishop of Caithness…”

Historical Significance This record documents a transaction where Master Thomas Guthre received six barrels of salmon on behalf of the Secretary, acting under the formal command of the Bishop of Caithness, who was serving as the receiver-general.

Genealogical Significance The title “Master” (magistro) denotes that Thomas Guthre was an educated man, likely university-trained, indicating his status as a clerk or professional in the service of the Crown or high-ranking officials.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Magistro: “Master,” a academic or professional title.
• Barilibus: “Barrels,” specifically of salmon in this context (salmonum).
• Preceptum: “Command” or “precept,” the legal authorization for the delivery of goods.

Notes This entry places Master Thomas Guthre in a position of administrative trust, facilitating the movement of Crown resources (salmon) in 1513.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XIII, Page 598

Date 1507 (Rentale de Ross)

Guthrie Individual Thomas Guthrie

Role Tenant

Summary Transcription “The myln of Kilquhilladrum paiis in maill iij li. tantum gorsum, sett to Thom Guthre… Terradaill paiis in maill iiij li. tantum gorsum, sett to Thomas Guthre.”

Modern English Translation “The mill of Kilquhilladrum pays in rent 3 pounds, only grassum [entry fee], set to Thomas Guthrie… Terradaill pays in rent 4 pounds, only grassum, set to Thomas Guthrie.”

Historical Significance This entry documents the leasing of crown lands within the Rentale de Ross in 1507. Specifically, Thomas Guthrie is recorded as the tenant for both the mill of Kilquhilladrum and the lands of Terradaill, including its mill and alehouse.

Genealogical Significance These entries identify Thomas Guthrie as a tenant managing significant productive assets—specifically mills—within the Ross region during the early 16th century.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Maill: Rent paid by a tenant.
• Gorsum (Grassum): A payment made by a tenant to a landlord, often upon the entry to a new lease.
• Myln: Mill, a key economic asset.
• Sett to: Leased or granted to.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XIII, Page 663

Date 1512

Guthrie Individual James Guthrie (“Jacobo Guthrie”)

Role Recipient of sasine

Summary Transcription “Sa. Jacobo Guthrie t. Glensauch.”

Modern English Translation “Sasine to James Guthrie of the lands of Glensauch.”

Historical Significance This entry, recorded in the Libri Responsorum for 1512, documents the formal legal act of sasine—the delivery of possession of land—to James Guthrie for the lands of Glensauch, located in Kincardine.

Genealogical Significance This record establishes a specific property transaction involving James Guthrie in Kincardine in 1512, providing evidence of his status as a landowner or heir in the region.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Sasine (Sa.): A legal act in Scots law transferring feudal possession of land.
• t. (terras): Denotes “lands of,” identifying the property being transferred.

VOLUME XIV: 1523 – 1529

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XIV – Guthrie Index & Navigator

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XIV, Page 545

Date

1514

Guthrie Individual

Andrew Guthrie (Andree Guthre)

Role

Recipient of sasine (and successor to the estate)

Summary Transcription

“Vicecomes respondebit pro 50 marcis de firmis baronie de Guthre… termini S. Martini ultimo preteriti, existentis in manibus regis sasina non recuperata, que firme se extendunt annuatim ad 100 marcas, et pro 100 marcis de relevio earundem, et pro 14 marcis de firmis terrarum de Balnabrech… et pro 56 marcis per duplicationem feodifirme earundem, regi debitis per sasinam datam Andree Guthre…”

Modern English Translation

“The Sheriff [of Forfar] shall answer for 50 merks from the rents of the barony of Guthrie… of the term of Martinmas last past, being in the hands of the king, sasine not having been recovered, which rents extend annually to 100 merks; and for 100 merks for the relief of the same; and for 14 merks from the rents of the lands of Balnabrech… and for 56 merks for the duplication of the feu-farm of the same, due to the king by sasine given to Andrew Guthrie…”

Historical Significance

This entry is set against the devastating aftermath of the Battle of Flodden (9 September 1513). The sudden, catastrophic loss of both the family patriarch, Sir Alexander Guthrie of that Ilk, and his eldest son and heir, David Guthrie, left the estate vacant and temporarily “in the hands of the king” (in manibus regis). This record details the substantial financial casualties (rents, relief, and duplication of feu-duty) the family had to clear with the Crown to recover the lands and secure formal sasine for the next generation.

Genealogical Significance

This record documents the rapid, tragic transition of the barony to Andrew Guthrie, grandson of Sir Alexander and son of David. This succession ties directly back to the 1504 record in Volume XII, where Walter Dempster was granted sasine of the lands of Guthrie. That transfer occurred at the exact same time Sir Alexander was finally compounding his persistent £51 Crown debt; the Dempster transaction was almost certainly a mortgage (wadset) used to raise the liquid capital needed to clear the family’s accounts, a common practice before the dual tragedy at Flodden forced Andrew’s sudden elevation to the barony.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

Duplicationem feodifirme: “Duplication of the feu-farm,” a double payment of the annual rent required of a new holder upon entry to a property.

Vicecomes respondebit: “The Sheriff shall answer,” indicating the Sheriff of Forfar’s duty to collect and account for these feudal casualties before the heir could be recognized.

Sasina non recuperata: “Sasine not [yet] recovered,” the legal status of the estate while it sat in the King’s hands prior to the heir’s formal infeftment.

Relevio (Relief): A transition tax paid by an incoming heir to “relieve” the lands out of the hands of their feudal superior (the King).

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XIV, Page 630

Date

18 May 1520 (specifically covering an entry under the regnal year “a.r. 7” of King James V)

Guthrie Individual

Thomas Guthrie (Thome Guthre)

Role

Recipient of sasine (and successor to the estate)

Summary Transcription

“Vicecomes respondebit pro 30 li. 13 s. 4 d. de firmis totarum et integrarum terrarum baronie de Glensauch cum pertinen. jacentium infra balliam suam, existentium in manibus regis per spatium 5 annorum et 1 termini ult. elaps. sasina non recuperata, et pro 2 capiliis de lentisco per duplicationem albefirme earundem, regi debitis per sasinam datam Thome Guthre de eisdem apud Edinburgh 18 Maii a.r. 7.”

Modern English Translation

“The Sheriff [of Kincardine] shall answer for £30, 13 shillings, and 4 pence from the rents of the whole and entire lands of the barony of Glensauch with pertinents, lying within his bailiwick, being in the hands of the king for the space of 5 years and 1 term last past, sasine not having been recovered; and for 2 hats/caps of lentisk (mastic-tree fiber) for the duplication of the blench-farm of the same, due to the king by sasine given to Thomas Guthrie of the same at Edinburgh, 18 May in the 7th year of the reign.”

Historical Significance

This entry reveals that the barony of Glensauch was held in the King’s hands (“existentium in manibus regis”) for five years and one term (five and a half years) prior to May 1520. Calculating backward, the estate fell into the hands of the Crown around November 1514. This delay in recovering sasine was a very common pattern in the chaotic decade following the disaster at Flodden, as heirs—often minors or struggling with the steep feudal taxes of succession—belatedly cleared their obligations to the Crown.

Genealogical Significance

This record tracks the succession of the barony of Glensauch to Thomas Guthrie. It links back directly to the entry in Volume XIII, page 663, where James Guthrie received sasine of Glensauch in 1512. The five-and-a-half-year vacancy starting in late 1514 strongly points to the death of James Guthrie around that time, after which Thomas Guthrie eventually stepped forward to claim his inheritance and secure his formal infeftment in 1520.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Albefirme (Blench-farm / White-farm): A nominal or symbolic feudal payment made to a superior (the King) in lieu of heavier agricultural rents or military services.
• Capiliis de lentisco: “Caps/hats of lentisk” (mastic fiber), the highly specific, nominal legal render required under the barony’s blench-farm tenure.
• Duplicationem: The double payment of the nominal blench-farm render (here, two caps instead of one) legally demanded of an incoming heir.

VOLUME XV: 1523 – 1529

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XV – Guthrie Index & Navigator

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XV, Page 168

Date

2 August 1525 (covering the period from 10 March 1523)

Guthrie-Association Identified

• Master John Hay (magistrum Johannem Haye), Provost of Guthrie (prepositum de Guthre)

Role

Renderers of the financial account for the Chamberlainry of Ross.

Summary Transcription

“Compotum Jacobi comitis Moravie, camerarii Rossie, redditum per magistrum Johannem Haye, prepositum de Guthre, et dominum Walterum Stewart, nomine ejusdem, [Edinburgh, 2 August 1525, from 10 March 1523.]”

Modern English Translation

“Account of James, Earl of Moray, Chamberlain of Ross, rendered by Master John Hay, Provost of Guthrie, and Sir Walter Stewart, in the name of the same, [at Edinburgh, 2 August 1525, from 10 March 1523.]”

Historical and Genealogical Significance

This entry demonstrates the active administrative role played by the collegiate church of Guthrie’s leadership in wider Scottish governance. John Hay, acting as the Provost of Guthrie, was university-educated (denoted by magister) and was entrusted along with Sir Walter Stewart to formally present the massive regional tax and agricultural accounts of the Chamberlainry of Ross to the Exchequer on behalf of the Earl of Moray.

The Collegiate Church of Guthrie had been established in the late 15th century by Sir David Guthrie (grandfather of the Sir Alexander who fell at Flodden). The provostry was a prestigious ecclesiastical office, and its holder clearly moved in high administrative and aristocratic circles, managing accounts that spanned thousands of pounds, grains, and livestock.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

Nomine ejusdem: “In the name of the same,” indicating they were acting as official procurators or deputies to present the account.

Prepositus: Provost, the ecclesiastical head of a collegiate church.

Camerarii: Chamberlain, a chief royal official responsible for managing revenues and estates in a specific territory (in this case, Ross).

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XV, Pages 535–538

Date

1529

Guthrie Individual

John Guthrie (Johanni Guthre)

Role

Royal household officer; yeoman in the King’s buttery (yeman in butelaria)

Summary Transcription

“Et Andree Murray, lie yeman in butelaria, Paulo Galbrathe, Johanni Guthre, et Willelmo Galbraith, quolibet eorum percipiente in anno sex marcas de termino hujus compoti, viij li.”

Modern English Translation

“And to Andrew Murray, ‘yeoman’ in the buttery, Paul Galbraith, John Guthrie, and William Galbraith, each of them receiving six merks a year for the term of this account, [totaling] £8.”

Historical Significance

This entry records the formal annual payments allocated to members of King James V’s immediate royal household. The buttery (butelaria) was a vital domestic department responsible for the storage, management, and serving of beverages (primarily wine and ale) for the King’s table.

Genealogical Significance

This placement establishes John Guthrie within the royal court of James V in 1529. Serving as a yeoman (yeman) of the buttery alongside members of prominent families like the Galbraiths and Murrays indicates that John was a trusted gentleman-officer of the royal household, continuing the Guthrie family’s established pattern of close service to the Scottish Crown.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Butelaria: The buttery, the department of a royal or noble household handling liquors and vessels.
• Yeman (Yeoman): A middle-ranking officer or supervisor within a specific department of the royal household, above the grooms (gromes) but below the masters or principal keepers.
• Marcas (Merks): A Scottish silver coin or unit of currency worth 13 shillings and 4 pence (two-thirds of a pound Scots).

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XV, Page 547

Date

1529

Guthrie Individual

John Guthrie (Johanni Guthre)

Role

Royal household officer; yeoman in the King’s buttery (butelaria)

Summary Transcription

“Et Paulo Galbraith, Johanni Guthre, et Willelmo Galbraith, quolibet eorum percipiens in anno sex marcas de dicto termino, iij li.”

Modern English Translation

“And to Paul Galbraith, John Guthrie, and William Galbraith, each of them receiving six merks a year for the said term, £3.”

Historical Significance

This entry represents a distinct payment term recorded in the same fiscal year (1529) as the previous entry on page 535. While the previous entry recorded an £8 total payout amongst a larger cohort of yeomen, this specific entry records a targeted term payment of £3 split among Paul Galbraith, John Guthrie, and William Galbraith.

Genealogical Significance

This duplicate ledger entry reinforces John Guthrie’s stable employment at court under King James V. Seeing him repeatedly grouped with the Galbraiths confirms they worked closely together as key peers in the administrative department of the royal buttery.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XV, Page 596

Date

9 April 1522 (recorded under the regnal year in the text)

Individuals Involved

• John Dempster (Johanni Dempstar) of Carolstoun / of that Ilk
• The Sheriff of Forfar (Vicecomes de Forfare)

Role

Recipient of sasine (specifically concerning a portion of the lands of Guthrie)

Summary Transcription

“Vicecomes de Forfare respondebit pro jcvij li. x s. de firmis decem marcatarum terrarum et decem solidatarum terrarum de Guthre cum pertinentiis jacentium infra balliam suam existentium in manibus regis per spatium quindecim annorum ultimo elapsorum sasina non recuperata, et pro vij li. iij s. iiij d. de relevio earundem, regi debitis per sasinam datam Johanni Dempstar de eisdem. Apud Edinburgh nono Aprilis anno regni regis predicto.”

Modern English Translation

“The Sheriff of Forfar shall answer for £107 and 10 shillings from the rents of the ten merk lands and ten shilling lands of Guthrie with pertinents, lying within his bailiwick, being in the hands of the king for the space of fifteen years last past, sasine not having been recovered; and for £7, 3 shillings, and 4 pence for the relief of the same, due to the king by sasine given to John Dempster of the same. At Edinburgh, the ninth of April, in the [said] year of the king’s reign.”

Historical Significance

This record highlights a complex, long-standing legal and financial claim over a specific portion of the Guthrie estate (specifically, the “ten merk and ten shilling lands of Guthrie”). The lands had been sitting unoccupied in the hands of the Crown (“in manibus regis”) for a staggering fifteen years prior to April 1522.

Tracing fifteen years backward from 1522 points directly to 1507 as the year the lands fell into the King’s hands. This timeline aligns with the previous generation’s financial dealings, specifically right around the time Walter Dempster held a sasine on the lands of Guthrie while Sir Alexander Guthrie was settling his heavy Crown debts.

Genealogical Significance

The Dempster family (of Carolstoun) held significant legal and financial designs on portions of the Guthrie estates, likely originating from wadsets (mortgages) or security for loans advanced to the Guthries. In 1522, John Dempster sought to formalize his grip on these specific lands of Guthrie by securing sasine. However, as the index and our upcoming page (page 615) suggest, this transaction was highly contested, with Dempster later claiming he never actually took physical or legal possession (sasine) of the property despite the security entries.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Decem marcatarum… et decem solidatarum: “Ten merk and ten shilling lands,” referring to lands valued under the Old Extent system of land assessment.
• Quindecim annorum: “Fifteen years,” the lengthy period during which the Crown collected the cumulative rents (firmis) because the rightful heir or claimant had not stepped forward to clear the entry fees.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XV, Page 615

Date

4 March 1523/4 (recorded in the text as “quarto Martii anno Domini jm vc xxiij” and the 11th year of the reign of James V)

Individuals Involved

• John Dempster (Johannes Dempstar)
• The Sheriff of Forfar (Vicecomes de Forfar)

Role

Disputant of sasine and associated feudal dues.

Summary Transcription

“Vicecomes de Forfar respondebit pro xvij li. vj s. viij d. de firmis decem marcatarum et decem solidatarum terrarum de Guthre cum pertinentiis jacentium infra balliam suam existentium in manibus regis per spatium duorum annorum proxime sequentium nonum diem mensis Aprilis anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo vigesimo secundo ex eo quod Johannes Dempstar asserit se non obtinuisse sasinam de dictis terris per aliud preceptum de capella supremi domini nostri regis sibi prius deliberatum…”

Modern English Translation

“The Sheriff of Forfar shall answer for £17, 6 shillings, and 8 pence from the rents of the ten merk and ten shilling lands of Guthrie with pertinents, lying within his bailiwick, being in the hands of the king for the space of two years next following the ninth day of April in the year of our Lord 1522, because John Dempster asserts that he did not obtain sasine of the said lands by virtue of another precept from the chapel of our supreme lord the King previously delivered to him…”

Historical and Genealogical Significance

This entry reveals a fascinating legal and financial dispute unfolding in the spring of 1524. Two years prior (9 April 1522), John Dempster was recorded as receiving sasine of the ten merk and ten shilling lands of Guthrie, with a massive Crown debt of over £107 assessed against him.

However, Dempster formally challenged this, asserting that he never actually took legal or physical possession (sasine) under the previous royal warrant (precept). Because of this dispute, the lands remained “in the hands of the King” for an additional two years, accumulating an extra £17, 6s. 8d. in unpaid rents. This confirms that the Dempster family’s efforts to fully secure and consolidate their mortgage-backed claims on the core Guthrie family lands faced significant bureaucratic friction or resistance.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Preceptum de capella: A precept (legal order) from the royal chancery (the “chapel” of the King) directing a local sheriff to give sasine of lands to a designated claimant.
• Asserit se non obtinuisse sasinam: “Asserts that he did not obtain sasine,” the legal core of Dempster’s defense to avoid paying the hefty entry and relief duties recorded in the official Responde books.

VOLUME XVI: 1529 – 1536

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVI – Guthrie Index & Navigator

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVI, Page 136

Date

1531 (covering the fiscal year of the account)

Guthrie Identified

• John Guthrie (Johanni Guthre), Yeoman in the King’s Chamber

Role

Recipient of an annual salary as a member of King James V’s royal household.

Summary Transcription

“Et Paulo Calbrath, Johanni Guthre, et Willelmo Galbrath, quolibet eorum percipiente in anno sex mercas, de anno compoti, xij li.”

Modern English Translation

“And to Paul Galbraith, John Guthrie, and William Galbraith, each of them receiving six merks yearly, for the year of the account, £12.”

Historical Significance

This entry demonstrates outstanding administrative continuity in the personal domestic service of King James V. John Guthrie is recorded here alongside his regular household peers, Paul Galbraith and William Galbraith, indicating they functioned together as a coordinated team. While the general index for Volume XVI lists John’s primary designation as a “yeoman in the King’s chamber,” this specific line is nested under the broader household accounts. The payment math is remarkably precise: each of the three men received 6 merks (equivalent to £4 Scots each), bringing the total royal household payout to exactly £12 (xij li.).

Genealogical Significance

This record confirms the steady employment and presence of John Guthrie within the royal court in 1531. His frequent, structured grouping with the Galbraith family in royal treasury documents suggests a stable, long-term regional or professional alliance between these household officers. Tracking John’s consistent presence in these accounts helps establish a clear timeline of his career, providing a solid point of comparison for contemporary Guthrie lines in Angus and Fife who also sought advancement through court service.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

Mercas (Merks): A common Scottish unit of currency and account worth 13 shillings and 4 pence, representing exactly two-thirds of £1 Scots.

De anno compoti: “For the year of the account,” signifying that this was a standard, recurring annual payment rather than a one-off royal bounty or emergency expense.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVI, Page 176

Date

1532 (covering the fiscal year of the account)

Guthrie Identified

• John Guthrie (Johanni Guthre), Yeoman in the King’s Chamber

Role

Recipient of an annual salary as a member of King James V’s royal household.

Summary Transcription

“Et Paulo Calbraith, Johanni Guthre, et Willelmo Calbraith, quolibet eorum percipiente in anno sex mercas, de anno compoti, xij li.”

Modern English Translation

“And to Paul Galbraith, John Guthrie, and William Galbraith, each of them receiving six merks yearly, for the year of the account, £12.”

Historical Significance

This entry demonstrates outstanding continuity and stability in the household of King James V. John Guthrie is recorded here in 1532 maintaining his exact professional station from previous years. He remains closely linked with his long-term associates, Paul Galbraith and William Galbraith, confirming they continued to operate together as a cohesive domestic team.

The accounting reflects a standardized, fixed payment system: the three household officers are paid 6 merks apiece (equating to £4 Scots each), leading to the collective entry of £12 (xij li.). This entry sits amidst a long, detailed ledger of the King’s personal domestic staff—including the court’s cooks, porters, and stable master—providing an intimate glimpse into the day-to-day operations and staffing of the 16th-century royal court.

Genealogical Significance

For Guthrie genealogists, this record provides essential temporal anchoring. It proves John Guthrie’s uninterrupted survival and active service in the royal household through at least 1532.

His recurring association with the Galbraiths points to a deep-seated professional network that may have regional roots. The Galbraiths were historically prominent in Lennox and western Scotland, and tracking John’s alignment with them might offer clues regarding his own regional origins or maternal lines before his family secured court placement. This continuous timeline helps genealogists distinguish this court-affiliated John Guthrie from contemporary namesakes holding land or offices in regions like Angus or Fife during the same decade.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• De anno compoti: “For the year of the account”, representing standard, non-exceptional annual compensation.
• Mercas (Merks): A Scottish currency unit of account valued at 13s. 4d. (two-thirds of a pound Scots).
• Quolibet eorum percipiente: “Each of them receiving”, confirming individual, equal disbursement of the royal funds rather than a shared lump-sum pool.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVI, Page 296

Date

1533 (covering the fiscal year of the account)

Guthrie Identified

• John Guthrie (Johanni Guthre), Yeoman in the King’s Chamber

Role

Recipient of an annual salary as a member of King James V’s royal household.

Summary Transcription

“Et Paulo Galbraith, Johanni Guthre et Willelmo Galbraith, cujus loco nunc intratur Henricus Drummond per preceptum domini regis ostensum super compotum, quolibet eorum percipiente in anno sex mercas, de anno compoti, xij li.”

Modern English Translation

“And to Paul Galbraith, John Guthrie and William Galbraith, in whose place Henry Drummond is now entered by a precept of the lord king shown upon the account, each of them receiving six merks yearly, for the year of the account, £12.”

Historical Significance

This 1533 entry marks a notable shift in the long-standing household cohort that previously featured Paul Galbraith, John Guthrie, and William Galbraith. While Paul and John remain in active service, William Galbraith is replaced in this accounting term by Henry Drummond, acting on a direct royal order (preceptum domini regis) presented during the audit.

Despite this personnel change, the structural compensation remains perfectly consistent. The household slot is still budgeted for three officers, with each of them allocated 6 merks (totalling £12 Scots for the group), ensuring that the administration of the King’s domestic chamber preserved its exact treasury footprint.

Genealogical Significance

This transition year provides valuable evidence for mapping the professional networks of the royal household. The arrival of Henry Drummond into this specific cohort links John Guthrie’s daily work environment with the highly influential Drummond family, who held extensive administrative and territorial sway in Perthshire and the royal court.

For genealogists, this record confirms John Guthrie’s continued occupation of his post as of 1533. By showing that his teammate William Galbraith was formally replaced while John remained in place, the ledger underscores John’s personal stability and favor within James V’s inner circle. This point of continuity is crucial for distinguishing John’s timeline from other contemporary Guthrie lines.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Cujus loco nunc intratur: “In whose place is now entered”, denoting a formal, approved substitution of an office holder on the official payroll.
• Per preceptum domini regis ostensum super compotum: “By a precept of the lord king shown upon the account”, indicating that a written royal warrant was physically presented to the exchequer auditors to legally authorize the staff change and wage disbursement.
• Sex mercas / xij li.: Six merks per person (£4 Scots), totaling exactly twelve pounds for the three designated slots.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVI, Page 350

Date

1534 (covering the fiscal year of the account)

Guthrie Identified

• John Guthrie (Johanni Guthre), Yeoman in the King’s Chamber

Role

Recipient of an annual salary as a member of King James V’s royal household.

Summary Transcription

“Et Paulo Galbrath, Johanni Guthre et Henrico Drummond, lie yemen in camera domini regis, quolibet eorum percipiente in anno sex mercas pro feodis suis, de anno compoti, xij li.”

Modern English Translation

“And to Paul Galbraith, John Guthrie and Henry Drummond, yeomen in the king’s chamber, each of them receiving six merks yearly for their fees, for the year of the account, £12.”

Historical Significance

This 1534 entry documents the continuation of the newly consolidated royal chamber cohort consisting of Paul Galbraith, John Guthrie, and Henry Drummond, who was first introduced as a replacement for William Galbraith in the previous year’s roll. Unlike earlier years where their titles were largely inferred from general indexes, this record explicitly identifies the three men in the body text as yeomen in the King’s chamber (lie yemen in camera domini regis).

The accounting remains highly standardized. The crown continued to issue an identical collective payout of £12 Scots, which equates to 6 merks (or £4 Scots) allocated individually to each of the three chamber officers. This entry is nested within the broader household accounts overseen by the clerk of expenses, which record payments to various specialized servants, including the King’s cooks, stable master, and heralds.

Genealogical Significance

This record is highly significant for tracing the precise timeline of John Guthrie’s career, confirming his continued active service in the royal household through 1534. The preservation of this specific three-man grouping—Guthrie, Galbraith, and Drummond—for a second consecutive year indicates a durable professional association.

Henry Drummond’s sustained presence alongside John Guthrie highlights a continuous proximity to the powerful Drummond family, which held significant influence over court administrative appointments during the reign of James V. For genetic and historical genealogists, establishing this uninterrupted court tenure through 1534 provides a vital point of comparison to safely distinguish this John Guthrie from contemporary namesakes in the regional landed branches of Angus, Fife, and Wardmill.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Lie yemen in camera domini regis: “The yeomen in the chamber of the lord king”, referring to personal officers of the royal bedchamber.
• Pro feodis suis: “For their fees”, clarifying that these regular payments were structural household salaries rather than discretionary gifts or expenses.
• Quolibet eorum percipiente: “Each of them receiving”, indicating that the treasury split the total £12 Scots into equal individual allocations.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVI, Page 420

Date

1535 (covering an accounting period from August 26, 1533 to August 3, 1535)

Guthrie Identified

• The late Guthrie of that Ilk (quondam Guthre de eodem)

Role

Former feuar or tenant of the lands of Balnabreich under the lordship of Brechin.

Summary Transcription

“…ac etiam exceptis terris de Balnabreich cum pertinentiis jacentibus infra dictum dominium per predecessores nostros quondam Guthre de eodem pro octodecim libris tresdecim solidis quatuor denariis feodifirme annuatim ab antiquo assedatis…”

Modern English Translation

“…and also excepting the lands of Balnabreich with pertinents lying within the said lordship, leased in feufarm of old by our predecessors to the late Guthrie of that Ilk for eighteen pounds, thirteen shillings, and four pence of feufarm yearly…”

Historical Significance

This entry is nested within the grand, multi-year property account of Sir Thomas Erskine of Brechin, knight and secretary to King James V. The document outlines a comprehensive royal charter feuing the entire lordship and lands of Brechin and Navar to Erskine, including its castles, mills, and fisheries on the River South Esk.

To protect existing hereditary rights, the crown explicitly carved out and exempted certain ancient holdings from Erskine’s new lordship grant. Among these crucial exemptions are the lands of Balnabreich. The entry records that these lands had been leased “of old” (ab antiquo) by previous Scottish monarchs to the late head of the Guthrie family for an annual feufarm duty of £18 13s. 4d.. Other key individuals mentioned in this administrative transaction include Sir Thomas Erskine himself, William Wood of Bonnyton (holding Pettintoskelly), and the royal auditors—such as Gavin Dunbar (Archbishop of Glasgow and Chancellor) and William Stewart (Bishop of Aberdeen and Treasurer)—who oversaw the production of the charter.

Genealogical Significance

This record is a major genealogical milestone for mapping the senior line of the Guthrie family (the Guthries of that Ilk/Guthrie of Guthrie). The Latin designation Guthre de eodem (“Guthrie of that Ilk”) refers specifically to the territorial chief of the surname. The prefix quondam (“the late” or “deceased”) indicates that this specific chief had passed away prior to the August 1535 auditing of this account.

By identifying Balnabreich as an ancient Guthrie possession leased directly from the crown’s predecessors, this entry establishes a clear geographical footprint and financial valuation (£18 13s. 4d.) for a cadet or associated estate of the primary Guthrie lordship. Balnabreich (located in Brechin parish, Angus) sits in immediate proximity to the historic Guthrie home estates, confirming the family’s deep-rooted territorial network and high-status tenant relationship with the Scottish Crown dating back well into the 15th century or earlier. Genealogists can use this 1535 marker to cross-reference inheritance records and narrow down the transition of the family chiefship during the mid-reign of James V.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Guthre de eodem: “Guthrie of that Ilk,” the traditional title reserved for the head of the Guthrie family, denoting that their surname and the name of their estate are the same (i.e., Guthrie of Guthrie).
• Feodifirme (Feufarm): A form of land tenure in Scots law where the tenant made a fixed annual payment in money or grain (the “feu duty”) to the superior, granting the tenant hereditary possession of the land.
• Ab antiquo assedatis: “Leased of old” or “from antiquity leased,” indicating that the lease was not a recent transaction but an established, multi-generational holding.

VOLUME XVII: 1537 – 1542

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVII – Guthrie Index & Navigator

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVII, Page 165

Date

1538 (covering the accounting period from September 1, 1537 to September 1, 1538)

Guthrie Identified

• John Guthrie (Johanni Guthre)

Role

Yeoman in the King’s Chamber (le yeman in camera domini regis)

Summary Transcription

“…Et eidem in ducentis octuaginta libris per solutionem factam Willelmo Bard et Jacobo Wod, ostiariis camere exterioris domini regis, Normanno Lesley, Patricio Kirkcaldy, Johanni Murray et Johanni Guthre, le yeman in camera domini regis, Johanni Tennent, le yeman in gardiroba, domino Georgio Clapertoun, elimosinario, domino David Cristesoun, senescallo, et domino Georgio Scot, abbreviatori librorum domicilii domini regis, quolibet eorum percipiente in anno pro feodo suo octo libras et viginti libras pro pabulo duorum equorum, extendentes in toto ut supra, de anno compoti, ijᶜlxxx l…”

Modern English Translation

“And to the same [allowed to the accountant] in two hundred and eighty pounds by payment made to William Bard and James Wood, keepers of the outer chamber of the lord king, Norman Leslie, Patrick Kirkcaldy, John Murray, and John Guthrie, the yeomen in the chamber of the lord king, John Tennent, the yeoman in the wardrobe, Sir George Clapperton, almoner, Sir David Christison, steward, and Sir George Scot, abbreviator of the books of the household of the lord king, each of them receiving yearly for his fee eight pounds, and twenty pounds for the fodder of two horses, extending in total as above, for the year of this account, £280…”

Historical Significance

This entry is recorded within the extensive household and kitchen accounts audited in 1538. It highlights the broader personal network surrounding King James V’s inner chamber. John Guthrie is grouped alongside notable historical figures of the era. Among his direct chamber colleagues is Norman Leslie—the future Master of Rothes who would later become infamous as one of the primary leaders in the 1546 assassination of Cardinal David Beaton at St Andrews Castle. The record also identifies John Tennent, a highly trusted financial agent and wardrobe keeper for the king, alongside major chapel and court administrators like the royal almoner Sir George Clapperton.

Genealogical Significance

This 1538 record marks a transition in both John Guthrie’s court circle and his compensation structure. While his earlier chamber entries in Volume XVI grouped him tightly with Paul and William Galbraith, he is now integrated into a larger, multi-departmental administrative listing of elite household servants. Furthermore, his personal allowance has evolved: instead of a simple 6-merk payment, he now receives a formal annual fee of £8 Scots plus an additional £20 specifically allocated to maintain two horses. This dual compensation underscores his mobile status and active duties in attending to the king’s court as it traveled across Scotland’s royal palaces.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

Ostiariis camere exterioris: “Keepers (or ushers) of the outer chamber,” the officials responsible for managing security and audiences outside the private royal bedchamber.

Le yeman in camera domini regis: “The yeoman in the chamber of the lord king,” representing a trusted, personal body servant with close physical access to the sovereign.

Pro pabulo duorum equorum: “For the fodder of two horses,” showing that court service of this level required active, self-funded mobility, which the crown offset with a dedicated transportation stipend.

Pro feodo suo: “For his fee,” identifying a structured, non-discretionary salary payment established by the royal household.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVII, Page 280

Date

1540 (covering the fiscal year of the account)

Guthrie Identified

• John Guthrie (Johanni Guthre)

Role

Yeoman in the King’s Chamber (lie yeman in camera domini regis)

Summary Transcription

“…Et eidem in ducentis viginti quatuor libris per solutionem factam Willelmo Bard et Jacobo Wod, hostiariis camere exterioris domini regis, Normanno Lesley, Patricio Kirkcaldy, Jacobo Watsoun, barbitonsori, Johanni Guthre, lie yeman in camera domini regis, Johanni Tennent, custodi garderobe, domino Georgio Scott, abbreviatori librorum domicilii domini regis, quolibet eorum percipiente in anno octo libras et viginti libras pro pabulo duorum equorum, extendentem in toto ut supra, ijᶜxxiiij l…”

Modern English Translation

“And to the same [allowed to the accountant] in two hundred and twenty-four pounds by payment made to William Bard and James Wood, keepers of the outer chamber of the lord king, Norman Leslie, Patrick Kirkcaldy, James Watson, barber, John Guthrie, the yeoman in the chamber of the lord king, John Tennent, keeper of the wardrobe, Sir George Scott, abbreviator of the books of the household of the lord king, each of them receiving yearly eight pounds and twenty pounds for the fodder of two horses, extending in total as above, £224…”

Historical Significance

This 1540 audit documents the continuation of the royal household personnel under King James V. John Guthrie’s direct cohort in the king’s private chamber remains largely consistent, featuring notable historical figures such as Norman Leslie (associated with the later assassination of Cardinal Beaton) and Patrick Kirkcaldy. This entry also introduces James Watson, designated as the royal barber (barbitonsori), into the immediate compensation list of the chamber entourage. John Tennent continues his oversight duties, here explicitly designated as the keeper of the wardrobe (custodi garderobe).

Genealogical Significance

This entry confirms John Guthrie’s uninterrupted court tenure and high status through 1540. His compensation remains stable and structured: an annual fee of £8 Scots plus £20 for horse fodder, matching his 1538 payout. By demonstrating a continuous, highly localized presence at court throughout this period, these entries help genealogists distinguish this court-affiliated John Guthrie from regional namesakes in Angus and Fife who were engaged in local land transactions during these exact years.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Barbitonsori: “To the barber”, who in a Renaissance court performed crucial personal grooming and hygiene duties, requiring a high degree of intimacy and trust with the sovereign.
• Custodi garderobe: “To the keeper of the wardrobe”, a key official managing not only the king’s attire but also valuable royal textiles, tapestries, and personal treasury assets.
• Pro pabulo duorum equorum: “For the fodder of two horses”, representing the ongoing travel allowance provided to keep household officers mobile.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVII, Pages 428–429

Date 1541 (the date of the royal charter incorporated as a record in the 1541 audit)

Guthrie Identified

• John Guthrie (Johannis Guthre)

Role Current tenant (moderni tenentis) of the lands of Balnabreich

Expanded Transcription …et pro nobis et successoribus nostris decernimus et ordinamus, quod sasina nunc per prefatum Thomam et per ejus heredes omni tempore affuturo apud prefatum castri locum de Brechin annuatim septem libras octo solidos de dictis firmis, de terminis compoti… …deducendo nichilominus duplum prefatarum octodecim librarum tresdecim solidorum et quatuor denariorum de prefatis terris de Balnabrich ab antiquo predecessoribus Johannis Guthre, moderni tenentis earundem, in feodifirma pro dicta summa assedatis…

Expanded Modern English Translation …and for us and our successors we decree and ordain, that seisin now taken by the aforesaid Thomas and by his heirs in all time coming at the aforesaid castle place of Brechin [shall stand for the whole]… …deducting nevertheless the double of the aforesaid eighteen pounds, thirteen shillings, and four pence from the aforesaid lands of Balnabreich, of old leased in feu-farm to the predecessors of John Guthrie, the current tenant of the same, for the said sum…

Historical Significance This record is part of an extensive royal charter granted by King James V to his secretary, Sir Thomas Erskine of Brechin, confirming his possession of the lordship and barony of Brechin and Navar. The primary purpose of this specific clause is to regulate how seisin (the symbolic legal transfer of physical possession) and the corresponding entry fees (known as a “casualty of superior”) would be calculated for the lordship. Because Balnabreich was already locked into an ancient, heritable feu-farm agreement with the Guthrie family, the crown needed to shield the Guthries from any new financial or land claims by the incoming superior lord, Sir Thomas Erskine. To achieve this, the crown explicitly decreed that the “double” (a payment equivalent to two years’ feu duty, which was standardly demanded by a lord when a new heir took over a property) of the £18 13s. 4d. annual rent must be deducted from the valuation of Erskine’s lordship. This protected the Guthrie family’s fixed financial rate and legally guaranteed their uninterrupted occupation under their new superior.

Genealogical Significance

• Ancestral Value: It confirms the specific annual rental fee of £18 13s. 4d. for Balnabreich, connecting this John directly to the exact valuation and land holdings of the late chief (Guthre de eodem) mentioned in 1535.
• Hereditary Stability: By explicitly citing his “predecessors” (predecessoribus) and detailing the mechanism for doubling the feu-farm duty, the crown acknowledges that John Guthrie succeeded to this property through hereditary right. This demonstrates that the Guthrie presence at Balnabreich was structured as a secure, transmissible inheritance.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Sasina (Seisin): The legal ceremony of giving physical possession of land (often represented by the handing over of earth and stone) to a new owner or tenant.
• Deducendo (Deducting): A legal carving-out, used here to deduct the value of the Guthrie holding from the grand total of the lordship so that the superior lord could not double-charge or infringe upon the tenant’s rights.
• Duplum (The Double): A traditional casualty payment in Scots feudal law, usually equal to one extra year’s rent, paid to the superior by an incoming heir to “enter” and confirm their legal right to the estate.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVII, Page 680

Date 1539

Guthrie Identified

• Andrew Guthrie (Andree Guthre)
• Henry Guthrie (Henrici Guthre)

Role Joint occupiers/tenants of the lands of Petlwndy (Pitlundie)

Expanded Transcription Petlwndy. In manibus Andree Guthre pro dimedia parte, et pro altera dimedia in manibus Henrici Guthre, sui fratris, solvendo annuatim pro eisdem iij li. vj s. viij d. ij quarteris marte ij quarteris mutonis, et pro bondagiis x s. ij gallinas, grassuma iij li. vj s. viij d.

Expanded Modern English Translation Petlwndy. In the hands of Andrew Guthrie for one half part, and for the other half part in the hands of Henry Guthrie, his brother, paying annually for the same £3, 6s. 8d., two quarters of a beef carcass (mart), two quarters of a mutton carcass, and for bondage dues 10s., two hens; with a grassum of £3, 6s. 8d.

Historical Significance This rental entry from the 1539 Exchequer Roll Appendix highlights the transition of local land administration and the conversion of traditional agricultural duties into structured tenant rentals. The document details how crown or estate lands (specifically Petlwndy, modernly known as Pitlundie in the Black Isle/Ross-shire area) were carved up equally between family members. It shows a typical Scottish estate’s combination of cash payments, livestock carcass duties, poultry, labor obligations, and entry premiums paid directly to the crown auditors or landlords.

Genealogical Significance

• Sibling Relationship: This record explicitly defines a sibling relationship, establishing that Andrew Guthrie and Henry Guthrie are brothers (sui fratris) holding equal halves of the property.
• Geographic Placement: By placing Andrew and Henry in Petlwndy (Pitlundie) in 1539, this record anchors this specific branch of Guthries to northern territories, distinctly separated from the primary ancestral lands in Angus.
• Equal Land Division: The equal split of the estate (one dimedia parte each) suggests a co-tenancy arrangement, which is highly useful for tracing how this specific estate was passed down or shared within the family line.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• In manibus (In the hands [of]): A standard legal phrasing in rentals indicating who holds, occupies, and is actively responsible for the cultivation and payments of the specified land.
• Dimedia parte (Half part): Denotes an exact 50% split of the lands and corresponding duties between the two named parties.
• Marte / Mutonis (Mart / Mutton): “Mart” refers to a fattened beast or ox slaughtered at Martinmas for winter provision; “mutton” refers to sheep. The payment of “quarters” indicates that the meat of these animals was split up to satisfy rental portions.
• Bondagiis (Bondage): Traditional feudal labor services or dues owed by the tenant to the lord of the land, which by this era were frequently commuted into direct cash payments.
• Grassuma (Grassum): A lump-sum premium or entry fee paid to the landlord by a tenant upon the renewal of a lease or when entering into possession of a property.

VOLUME XVIII: 1543 – 1556

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVIII – Guthrie Index & Navigator

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVIII, Page 184

Date:

31 October 1552 (covering the accounting period from 7 September 1551 to 31 October 1552)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Ninian Guthrie of Kingany (Ninianum Guthre de Kingany)

Role:

• Representative/Attorney (nomine eorundem—in the name of the same) rendering the financial accounts on behalf of the bailies of the burgh of Forfar

Summary Transcription:

Forfare. Computum ballivorum burgi de Forfare, redditum per Ninianum Guthre de Kingany, nomine eorundem, [Edinburgh, 31 October 1552, from 7 September 1551. Charge. Burgh fermes by feu-charter, £8 13s. 4d. Discharge. To chaplain in chapel of Fynnevin, £6 13s. 4d. To abbot of Jedburgh, prior and canons of Restennoth, 40s. Sum, £8 13s. 4d.]

Modern English Translation:

Forfar. Account of the bailies of the burgh of Forfar, rendered by Ninian Guthrie of Kingany, in their name, [at Edinburgh on 31 October 1552, covering the period from 7 September 1551. Charge: Burgh rents (fermes) held by feu-charter, £8 13s. 4d. Discharge: To the chaplain in the chapel of Finhaven, £6 13s. 4d. To the abbot of Jedburgh, and the prior and canons of Restenneth, 40s. Total, £8 13s. 4d.]

Historical Significance:

This entry demonstrates the administrative relationship between regional landholders and local burgh authorities in mid-16th-century Scotland. Ninian Guthrie acts as the legal proxy (nomine eorundem) to present Forfar’s accounts before the royal exchequer auditors in Edinburgh. The discharge portion highlights ongoing ecclesiastical dependencies, where local burgh revenues were directly assigned to support the chaplain of Finhaven (Fynnevin) and the priory of Restenneth (Restennoth) under the authority of the abbey of Jedburgh.

Genealogical Significance:

• Kingany Branch Anchor: This record establishes Ninian Guthrie’s direct association with the estate of Kingany (Kingennie, located near Dundee/Forfarshire) in 1552.
• Local Civic Influence: Acting on behalf of the bailies of Forfar shows Ninian’s high legal status and trusted position within local Forfarshire civic circles, bridging the gap between country gentry and burgh administration.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Nomine eorundem: “In their name,” indicating Ninian was acting as an authorized attorney, proxy, or commissioner to deliver the public accounts on behalf of the town bailies.
• Burgh Fermes: Fixed annual rents or revenues collected from properties within a royal burgh, which were due to the crown but often earmarked for local religious or administrative entities.
• Discharge: The authorized expenditures, payments, and charitable allocations deducted from the total collected revenues (“Charge”) to balance the exchequer books.

Notes:

• The chapel of Finhaven (Fynnevin) mentioned here was historically linked to the Lindsay Earls of Crawford, whose primary seat was Finhaven Castle in Angus. The nearby Restenneth Priory likewise held deep administrative and financial ties to the town of Forfar.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVIII, Page 501

Date:

20 October 1550

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Andrew Guthrie (Andree Guthre)

Role:

• Recipient of sasine (legal possession of the land)

Summary Transcription:

Forfare. Vicecomes respondebit pro £54 de firmis sex acrarum terrarum jacentium contigue apud ecclesiam de Kirkbiddo, cum pastura sex vaccarum earundemque sequelarum, unacum advocatione et donatione beneficii dicte ecclesie de Kirkbutho, jacentium infra balliam suam, existentium in manibus regine et suorum predecessorum, regum Scotie, per spatium triginta sex annorum ultimo elapsorum sasina non recuperata; et pro 30s. de relevio earundem; regine debitis per sasinam datam Andree Guthre. [Edinburgh, 20 October.]

Modern English Translation:

Forfar. The sheriff shall answer for £54 for the rents (fermes) of six acres of land lying adjacent to the church of Kirkbuddo, with pasture for six cows and their offspring, together with the advowson (right of patronage) and donation of the benefice of the said church of Kirkbuddo, lying within his bailiwick, which have been in the hands of the Queen and her predecessors, kings of Scotland, for the space of the last thirty-six years past because sasine was not recovered; and for 30s. for the relief of the same; due to the Queen by sasine given to Andrew Guthrie. [At Edinburgh, 20 October 1550.]

Historical Significance:

This entry is recorded under the Libri Responsionum (Books of Response), which documented the financial liabilities of local sheriffs to the crown upon the entry of a new heir. It reveals that the lands and valuable ecclesiastical patronage of Kirkbuddo (Kirkbiddo / Kirkbutho) had remained legally unentered in the hands of the crown (non-entry) for thirty-six years. By granting sasine to Andrew Guthrie in 1550, the crown resolved this multi-decade vacancy, recovering back-rents and standard feudal casualties.

Genealogical Significance:

• Kirkbuddo Branch Confirmation: This record provides a direct ancestral link for the Guthrie of Kirkbuddo line.
• The 36-Year Gap: The thirty-six years of non-entry (sasina non recuperata) points back to 1514. This strongly correlates with the aftermath of the Battle of Flodden (September 1513), where numerous Scottish landowners, including prominent Guthries, were killed, frequently leaving heirs who were minors or unable to legally complete their sasine for decades.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Vicecomes respondebit: “The sheriff shall answer,” a legal directive instructing the local sheriff to collect and account for the specified crown dues.
• Sasina non recuperata: “Sasine not recovered,” indicating a state of non-entry where an heir has failed to formally register their title, leaving the property’s rents technically claimable by the superior lord (in this case, the crown).
• Relevio (Relief): A standard casualty payment made to the feudal superior by an entering heir to “relieve” the lands from the superior’s hands.
• Advocatione et donatione beneficii: “Advowson and donation of the benefice,” representing the highly coveted right of a lay patron to nominate the parish priest and collect associated local tithes or church revenues.

Notes:

• Kirkbuddo is located in southern Angus, confirming Andrew Guthrie’s administrative alignment with the sheriff of Forfar (Vicecomes… Forfare).

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVIII, Page 571

Date:

3 August 1554

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Henry Guthrie (Henrico Guthre)

Role:

• Recipient of sasine (legal possession of the land)

Summary Transcription:

Forfare. Vicecomes respondebit pro £7 10s. de firmis terrarum de Cukistoun, jacentium in dominio de Brechin infra balliam suam, existentium in manibus regine termini Penthecostes ultimo preteriti sasina non recuperata, et pro 2d. argenti per duplicationem albefirme earundem; necnon tribus sectis ad tria placita capitalia dominii de Brechin, prout hujusmodi terre perprius reddiderunt; regine debitis per sasinam datam Henrico Guthre. [Edinburgh, 3 August.]

Modern English Translation:

Forfar. The sheriff shall answer for £7 10s. for the rents (fermes) of the lands of Cuikston, lying in the lordship of Brechin within his bailiwick, which have been in the hands of the Queen since the term of Pentecost last past because sasine was not recovered; and for 2d. of silver for the duplication of the blench-farm of the same; and also for three suits at the three head courts of the lordship of Brechin, as these lands formerly rendered; due to the Queen by sasine given to Henry Guthrie. [At Edinburgh, 3 August 1554.]

Historical Significance:

This entry from the Libri Responsionum documents the formal legal entry of Henry Guthrie into his inheritance of the lands of Cuikston (Cukistoun) within the lordship of Brechin. It reflects the standard administrative procedure for collecting crown dues from a brief period of non-entry since the previous Whitsunday (Pentecost) term. Rather than direct agricultural output or military service, the record demonstrates the ongoing reliance on symbolic cash payments and civil obligations to maintain political bonds with the central crown.

Genealogical Significance:

• Cuikston Branch Anchor: This record places Henry Guthrie firmly in possession of Cuikston in 1554, anchoring this specific family line within the territory of the lordship of Brechin in Forfarshire (Angus). This serves as an important geographic marker to differentiate this branch from contemporary Guthries holding land in neighboring parishes.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Albefirme (Blench-farm): A prestigious form of land tenure in which the tenant paid only a nominal or symbolic annual fee (such as a silver penny, a rose, or a peppercorn) to the superior, denoting that the land was held virtually free of heavy financial burdens.
• Duplicationem: “The doubling,” a customary fee paid by an incoming heir to double the nominal blench duty (here doubling the standard 1d. silver payment to 2d.) to formally “relieve” the lands.
• Tribus sectis ad tria placita capitalia: “Three suits at the three head courts,” a feudal obligation requiring the tenant to personally attend the three primary legal and political court sessions held annually by the superior lord of Brechin.

Notes:

• Cuikston (modernly Cookston) lies on the outskirts of Brechin in Angus, reinforcing this family’s integration into the local estates associated with the barony.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XVIII, Pages 593–594

Date:

2 November 1555

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• John Guthrie (Johannis Guthre)

Role:

• Present tenant (instantis tenentis) of the lands of Balnabreich

Summary Transcription:

…deducendo nihilominus duplum dictorum octodecim librarum tredecim solidorum quatuor denariorum feodifirme debitum extra terras antedictas de Balnabreich, locatas vetustate predecessoribus Johannis Guthre, instantis tenentis earundem, in feodifirma pro dicta summa…

Modern English Translation:

…deducting nevertheless the double of the said eighteen pounds, thirteen shillings, and four pence of feu-farm due out of the aforesaid lands of Balnabreich, leased of old (by antiquity) to the predecessors of John Guthrie, the present tenant of the same, in feu-farm for the said sum…

Historical Significance:

This entry from the Libri Responsionum (Books of Response) details the financial liability of the sheriff of Forfar to the crown. The sheriff must answer for the massive sum of £633 4s. for the duplication of the feu-farm of the entire lands and barony of Brechin and Navar, following sasine given to John, Master of Erskine (Johanni, magistro de Erskin). Within this transition of lordship, the crown explicitly protects the hereditary rights of the Guthrie family at Balnabreich. The exchequer orders that the “double” of Balnabreich’s annual rent (£18 13s. 4d.) be deducted (deducendo) from the feudal assessments, shielding the local family’s holding from duplicate taxation or encroachment by the new superior lord.

Genealogical Significance:

• Proof of Continuity: This record confirms that John Guthrie, first noted as the “current tenant” (moderni tenentis) in the 1541 charter, remains alive and is documented as the “present tenant” (instantis tenentis) fourteen years later in 1555.
• Deep Ancestral Tenure: The legal description changes from ab antiquo (from of old) in 1541 to locatas vetustate(leased from antiquity) in 1555. This reinforces that the Guthrie family’s hereditary tenure of the Balnabreich estate in Angus/Forfarshire was regarded as an ancient, highly secure, and well-established family possession.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Instantis tenentis: “Present tenant” or “current occupier,” legally identifying the living individual currently holding and operating the land.
• Locatas vetustate: “Leased from antiquity” or “by ancient lease,” a phrasing that emphasizes a tenancy established so far in the past that its origins are treated as an immemorial right.
• Deducendo nihilominus: “Deducting nevertheless,” a protective legal clause ensuring that specific prior tenancies and their fixed rents are subtracted from a larger baronial transaction.

Notes:

• This entry is a direct follow-up to the 1541 record in Vol. XVII (pp. 428–429). The consistency in the exact valuation of Balnabreich at £18 13s. 4d. confirms the stability of the feu-duty over multiple decades.

VOLUME XIX: 1557 – 1567

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XIX – Guthrie Index & Navigator

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XIX, Page 86

Date:

14 August 1559 (accounting for the period from 30 July 1558)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Master John Guthrie (magistrum Johannem Guthre)

Role:

• Representative/Proxy rendering the accounts on behalf of the bailies of the burgh of Forfar (nomine eorundem)

Summary Transcription:

Forfare. Computum ballivorum burgi de Forfare, redditum per magistrum Johannem Guthre, nomine eorundem, [Edinburgh, 14 August 1559, from 30 July 1558.

Charge. £8 13s. 4d., burgh fermes by feu-charter.

Discharge. To chaplain in chapel of Fynnevyn, £6 13s. 4d. To abbot of Jedburgh, prior of Restennot, 40s. Sum, £8 13s. 4d.]

Modern English Translation:

Forfar. Account of the bailies of the burgh of Forfar, rendered by Master John Guthrie in their name, [at Edinburgh, 14 August 1559, from 30 July 1558.

Charge: £8 13s. 4d., being the burgh revenues (fermes) held by feu-charter.

Discharge: Paid to the chaplain in the chapel of Finhaven, £6 13s. 4d. Paid to the Abbot of Jedburgh, Prior of Restenneth, 40s. Total, £8 13s. 4d.]

Historical Significance:

This entry captures the local administration of Forfar during a critical transitional period in Scottish history—on the eve of the Scottish Reformation (1560). Despite the looming religious upheavals, traditional municipal revenues are still being collected and systematically disbursed to Catholic ecclesiastical beneficiaries (the chapel of Finhaven and the historic Priory of Restenneth).

Genealogical Significance:

• Location: Forfar, Forfarshire (Angus).
• Identity and Status: The honorific magistrum (Master) confirms that John Guthrie was a university graduate, highlighting his status as an educated professional (likely a lawyer, cleric, or high-ranking notary) acting on behalf of the town’s leadership.
• Family Connections: His legal and municipal prominence in Forfar aligns closely with the territorial heartland of the Guthrie of that Ilk family, representing a continuation of the family’s deep-rooted influence in Angus civic affairs.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Computum: The formal audited account presented to the Lords Auditors of the Exchequer.
• Nomine Eorundem: “In their name”—indicating that Guthrie was acting as the legally appointed proxy or attorney for the actual burgh bailies.
• Burgh Fermes: The fixed annual rent or tax paid by a royal burgh to the Crown in exchange for its trading privileges and municipal liberties.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XIX, Page 414

Date:

2 October 1557 (accounting for sasine granted on this date)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• David Guthrie (Davidi Guthre)

Role:

• Recipient of sasine (feudal possession) for various lands within the sheriffdom of Forfar.

Summary Transcription:

[Forfare.] Vicecomes respondebit pro £50 de relevio terrarum baronie de Kincaldrum subscriptarum, vicelicet, quarte partis terrarum dominicalium earundem, terrarum de Kirktoun de Nevay, Eistir Mathy, Kincreich, dimedietatis terrarum de Westir Mathy, et quarte partis terrarum de Litill Lour, cum pendiculis, tenentibus, tenandriis, liberetententium servitiis earundem, etc., jacentium infra balliam suam, regine debitis per sasinam datam Davidi Guthre. [Edinburgh, 2 October.]

Modern English Translation:

[Forfar.] The sheriff will answer for £50 for the relief of the lands of the barony of Kincaldrum written below, namely: a fourth part of the demesne lands of the same, the lands of Kirktoun of Nevay, Easter Meathie, Kincreich, a half of the lands of Wester Meathie, and a fourth part of the lands of Little Lour, with their dependencies, tenants, tenandries, and the services of the free tenants of the same, etc., lying within his bailiwick, due to the Queen by sasine given to David Guthrie. [At Edinburgh, 2 October 1557.]

Historical Significance:

This document represents a major property transaction recorded in the Liber Responsionum (Book of Respondes) of the Scottish Exchequer. It tracks the feudal taxes (specifically the “relief”) owed directly to Queen Mary (Mary, Queen of Scots) upon the official transfer of landed estates. This entry covers multiple prominent agricultural and residential properties consolidated under the barony of Kincaldrum.

Genealogical Significance:

• Location: Forfarshire/Angus (specifically near Kincaldrum, Meathie, Kincreich, and Lour).
• Identity and Property: David Guthrie is established here as a major landholder, securing a substantial portion of the barony of Kincaldrum. The geography of these estates (such as Easter and Wester Meathie, Kincreich, and Little Lour) places his holdings in the immediate vicinity of traditional Guthrie and Dempster properties.
• Familial Associations: While David Guthrie inherits or acquires these extensive lands, his exact familial relationship to the chief of Guthrie of that Ilk or to other contemporary Guthries remains unknown at this time.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Vicecomes Respondebit: “The sheriff will answer”—a directive stating that the local royal sheriff of the county is held personally liable for collecting and delivering these specific feudal dues to the Crown treasury.
• Relevium (Relief): A one-off casualty payment made by a feudal heir or successor to the superior (here, the Crown) to “relieve” or lift the estate out of the superior’s hands and confirm legal possession.
• Dominicalium (Demesne/Mains): The portion of a manor or estate kept by the lord for their own personal use and occupation, rather than being leased out to sub-tenants.
• Tenentibus, Tenandriis, et Liberetenentium Servitiis: “Tenants, tenandries, and the services of free tenants”—a standard legal formula conveying not just the physical ground, but the feudal rights, rents, and obligatory services of everyone living on those lands.

Notes:

• Subsequent Record: The editor’s footnote indicates that the original manuscript contains a subsequent entry (responde) regarding these same lands under the date of 31 October 1558.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XIX, Page 528

Date:

11 November 1564 (accounting for an obligation undertaken on this date)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Ninian Guthrie of Kingany (Niniane Guthre of Kingany)

Role:

• Sheriff Depute of Forfar acting as a debtor/obligor bound to pay outstanding crown dues (for the doubling of the feus of the lands of Tealing) to the Comptroller.

Summary Transcription:

Apud Edinburgh, undecimo die mensis Novembris, anno Domini etc., 1564.

The quhilk day comperit Niniane Guthre of Kingany, schireff depute of Forfair, and band and oblist him to content and pay to Johne Wischarte of Pittarro, knycht, comptrollare to oure soverane lady, the soume of thre scoir nyne pundis twa schillingis foure penneis usuale money of Scotland, and that for doubling of the fewis of the landis of Teling pertening to Johne Campbell, betuix the day and dait heirof and the first day of December nixttocum, under the pane of rebellioun and putting of him to the horne…

Niniane Guthre, with my hand at the pen led be the notar underwrittin etc.

Ita est. Petrus Galbraith, notarius publicus, de mandato dicti Niniani, teste manu propria.

Modern English Translation:

At Edinburgh, the eleventh day of the month of November, in the year of our Lord etc., 1564.

Which day appeared Ninian Guthrie of Kingany, sheriff depute of Forfar, and bound and obliged himself to satisfy and pay to Sir John Wishart of Pittarrow, knight, comptroller to our sovereign lady [Mary, Queen of Scots], the sum of three score nine pounds, two shillings, and four pence (£69 2s. 4d.) usual money of Scotland, and that for the doubling of the feus of the lands of Tealing pertaining to John Campbell, between the day and date hereof and the first day of December next coming, under the pain of rebellion and putting him to the horn…

Ninian Guthrie, with my hand at the pen guided by the notary underwritten, etc.

It is so. Peter Galbraith, notary public, by command of the said Ninian, witnessing with his own hand.

Historical Significance:

This record illustrates the rigorous financial enforcement under Mary, Queen of Scots’ administration, overseen by her Comptroller, Sir John Wishart of Pittarrow. It reveals how local administrative officials—in this case, the Sheriff Depute—were held personally and legally liable to secure and deliver feudal taxes (such as double feu duties) owed to the Crown from estates within their jurisdiction.

Genealogical Significance:

• Location: Kingany (Kingennie) and Tealing, Forfarshire (Angus).
• Identity and Status: Ninian Guthrie is explicitly identified as “of Kingany” (Kingennie) and holds the prominent legal office of Sheriff Depute of Forfar. This role proves he was a leading figure in Forfarshire’s local judiciary and county administration.
• Illiteracy Note: The signing formula (with my hand at the pen led be the notar) indicates that despite holding a highly influential legal office, Ninian Guthrie was unable to write his own name, requiring the notary, Peter Galbraith, to sign on his behalf.
• Familial Associations: Beyond sharing the surname, the exact familial association between Ninian Guthrie of Kingany, John Guthrie, and the chief Guthrie of that Ilk is unknown at this time.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Schireff Depute (Sheriff Depute): The principal local judicial officer of a county, executing crown law and holding court on behalf of the hereditary High Sheriff.
• Band and Oblist: “Bound and obliged”—the standard legal phrasing creating a binding contract or personal debt obligation.
• Doubling of the Fewis (Double Feu): A feudal casualty requiring a tenant or new heir to pay a double rate of their annual feu-duty (tax) to the superior (the Crown) upon entry or a specific tenure milestone.
• Putting to the Horne (Horning): The severe penalty of being declared an outlaw and a rebel. If Ninian failed to pay by December 1st, three blasts of a horn would symbolically brand him a rebel, resulting in the forfeiture of his personal property to the Crown.
• Hand at the Pen Led: A standard Scottish notary procedure where a party who cannot write touches the pen while the notary signs their name.

Notes:

• Notary Connection: The notary public executing the document, Peter Galbraith, is an active official in Edinburgh’s exchequer proceedings.

VOLUME XX: 1568 – 1579

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XX – Guthrie Index & Navigator

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XX, Page 434

Date:

17 March 1572/3 (accounting for sasine granted on this date)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• John Guthrie (Johannis Guthrie)

Role:

• Current tenant (instantis tenentis) of the lands of Balnabreich, possessing a tenancy historically held by his predecessors.

Summary Transcription:

Forfare. Vicecomes de Forfare, necnon persone antedicte, vicecomites de Forfair in hac parte etc., respondebunt pro £158 6s. de feudifirmis totarum et integrarum terrarum et baronie de Brechin et Navar, cum loco et castro, molendinis, nemoribus, piscariis et lie cruves earundem super aqua de Southesk, advocationibus, donationibus, et jurepatronatus ecclesiarum, stallorum, et locorum earundem… per duplicationem feudifirme earundem; deducendo nihilominus duplum dictarum octodecim librarum tredecim solidorum et quatuor denariorum feudifirme debite extra terras antedictas de Balnabreich, locatas vetuste predecessoribus Johannis Guthrie, instantis tenentis earundem, in feudifirma pro dicta summa, et dictam summam quinque librarum annui redditus dictarum terrarum de Carraldstoun… [Edinburgh, 17 March.]

Modern English Translation:

Forfar. The Sheriff of Forfar, and the persons aforesaid, sheriffs of Forfar in that part, etc., shall answer for £158 6s. for the feu-farm duties of all and whole the lands and barony of Brechin and Navar, with the manor-place and castle, mills, woods, fishings, and the cruives of the same upon the water of South Esk, with advocations, donations, and right of patronage of the churches, stalls, and offices of the same… by double payment of the feu-farm duty of the same; deducting, nevertheless, the double of the said eighteen pounds, thirteen shillings, and four pence (£18 13s. 4d.) of feu-farm duty due out of the aforesaid lands of Balnabreich, leased of old to the predecessors of John Guthrie, the present tenant of the same, in feu-farm for the said sum, and the said sum of five pounds of annual rent of the said lands of Carraldstoun (Careston)… [At Edinburgh, 17 March 1572/3.]

Historical Significance:

This entry captures the massive revenue settlement of the Barony of Brechin and Navar being accounted for by the Exchequer following its transfer to John Erskine, Earl of Mar. To compute the exact balance due to the Crown, the exchequer auditors had to calculate and deduct the established, long-standing lease payments of local sub-properties, such as Balnabreich, to avoid double-charging the primary estate.

Genealogical Significance:

• Location: Balnabreich, Brechin, Forfarshire (Angus).
• Lineage & Tenancy: This record explicitly designates John Guthrie as the “present tenant” (instantis tenentis) of Balnabreich. Crucially, the Latin legal text notes that these lands were “leased of old to the predecessors of John Guthrie” (locatas vetuste predecessoribus Johannis Guthrie). This provides definitive proof of multi-generational Guthrie occupancy of the Balnabreich lands preceding 1573.
• Familial Associations: Despite the long tenure of this branch at Balnabreich, the exact genealogical connection between this John Guthrie and the chief of Guthrie of that Ilk is unknown at this time.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Feudifirma (Feu-farm): A land tenure lease where the tenant holds the land permanently in exchange for a fixed annual payment of money or grain (feu-duty), rather than rendering military or agricultural services.
• Predecessoribus: Predecessors or ancestors—used here in a legal context to denote previous family members who held the hereditary lease or tenant right.
• Cruves (Cruives): Wicker traps or enclosures placed in a river (here, the South Esk) to catch salmon.
• Deducendo Nihilominus: “Deducting, nevertheless”—the legal instruction given to auditors to subtract specific sub-rents from the gross sum owed to ensure a clean final balance.

Notes:

• Cross-Reference: This long-standing Guthrie tenancy at Balnabreich correlates with land claims and sasinesfeatured in Volume IX, Page 576 and Page 681 (c. 1480), demonstrating that this specific Guthrie line occupied or claimed Balnabreich for nearly a century prior to this 1573 record.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XX, Page 510

Date:

5 February 1576/7

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Alexander Guthrie (Alexandro Guthrie)

Role:

• Recipient of sasine (feudal possession) for a specific subdivided portion of the lands of Balnabreich.

Summary Transcription:

Forfair. Vicecomes respondebit pro £4 13s. 4d. de feudifirmis umbralis dimedietatis occidentalis dimedietatis terrarum de Balnabreich, cum tenentibus, tenandriis, et liberetenentium servitiis earundem, singulisque suis privilegiis, jacentis in dominio de Brechin infra balliam suam, existentis in manibus domini regis per spatium unius anni ultimo elapsi vel eocirca sasina non recuperata; et pro £9 6s. 8d. per duplicationem feudifirme earundem; regi debitis per sasinam datam Alexandro Guthrie. [Edinburgh, 5 February.]

Modern English Translation:

Forfar. The sheriff will answer for £4 13s. 4d. of the feu-farm duties of the shadow half of the western half of the lands of Balnabreich, with the tenants, tenandries, and services of the free tenants of the same, and all their singular privileges, lying in the lordship of Brechin within his bailiwick, being in the hands of the lord king for the space of one year last past or thereabouts, sasine not recovered; and for £9 6s. 8d. for the doubling of the feu-farm of the same; due to the king by sasine given to Alexander Guthrie. [At Edinburgh, 5 February 1576/7.]

Historical Significance:

This entry is a classic example of a Scottish Exchequer record tracking feudal casualties upon a change in landholding (typically inheritance). Because the legal transfer of title (sasine) was delayed by about a year, the Crown held the revenues of the land during that interim period. Upon Alexander Guthrie officially taking possession, he was required to pay both the back taxes and the standard entry fee (“doubling of the feu-farm”) to clear the debt with the Crown.

Genealogical Significance:

• Location: Balnabreich, Lordship of Brechin, Forfarshire (Angus).
• Lineage & Tenancy: This record builds upon the entry found on page 434 (from 1572/3), where John Guthrie was documented as the long-standing tenant of Balnabreich. By 1576/7, Alexander Guthrie is officially receiving sasinefor a highly specific subdivision of these same lands (the “shadow half of the western half”). This strongly suggests a hereditary succession or formal division of the family estate among heirs.
• Familial Associations: While Alexander is clearly connected to the Balnabreich Guthries, the exact familial association between him and the chief of Guthrie of that Ilk remains unknown at this time.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Umbralis Dimedietatis (Shadow Half): A highly specific Scottish legal and agricultural term used when dividing an estate equally between heirs (such as co-heiresses or siblings). The estate was divided into the “sunny half” (solaris) which faced south, and the “shadow half” (umbralis) which faced north.
• Sasina Non Recuperata: “Sasine not recovered.” This indicates a gap in time between the previous owner’s death (or the grant of the land) and the current heir formally registering their title.
• Duplicationem Feudifirme: The “double feu.” A feudal casualty demanding twice the normal annual rent, payable by a new vassal upon their formal entry into the lands.

Notes:

• Agricultural Geography: The division down to the “shadow half of the western half” indicates that Balnabreich was being heavily subdivided, likely to accommodate multiple heirs or sub-tenants within the Guthrie family structure.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XX, Page 526

Date:

27 February 1577/8 (accounting for sasine granted on this date)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• James Guthrie (Jacobum Guthrie)

Role:

• Burgess of Edinburgh (burgensem de Edinburgh) and purchaser/proprietor of specific lands within the barony of Panmure.

Summary Transcription:

Forfare. Vicecomes respondebit pro 10s. de firmis feudifirme terrarum de Skechin, jacentium infra balliam suam et baroniam de Panmure in proprietate et tenandria respective, prout sequitur, videlicet, totarum et integrarum trium octavarum partium dictarum terrarum in proprietate, et aliarum quinque octavarum partium earundem terrarum in tenandria, quarum proprietas attinet ad Jacobum Guthrie, burgensem de Edinburgh, per alienationem sibi inde factam per quondam Davidem Fethie, tenendarum de eo et suis heredibus in libera albafirma, existentium in manibus domini regis termini Sancti Martini ultime elapsi sasina non recuperata; et pro 40s. per duplicationem feudifirme earundem; regi hac vice debitis per sasinam datam Davidi Fethie, ea ratione quod dictus quondam David Fethie tempore sui decessus tenuit etiam easdem terras immediate de dicti domini regis charissima matre… [Edinburgh, 27 February.]

Modern English Translation:

Forfar. The sheriff will answer for 10s. for the feu-farm duties of the lands of Skechin, lying within his bailiwick and the barony of Panmure in property and tenandry respectively, as follows, namely, of all and whole three-eighth parts of the said lands in property, and of the other five-eighth parts of the same lands in tenandry, the property of which belongs to James Guthrie, burgess of Edinburgh, by alienation thereof made to him by the late David Fethie, to be held of him and his heirs in free blench-farm, being in the hands of the lord king since the term of Martinmas last past, sasine not recovered; and for 40s. for the doubling of the feu-farm of the same; due to the king on this occasion by sasine given to David Fethie, by reason that the said late David Fethie at the time of his decease also held the same lands immediately of the said lord king’s dearest mother [Mary, Queen of Scots]… [At Edinburgh, 27 February 1577/8.]

Historical Significance:

This record tracks the multi-layered feudal transactions of the lands of Skechin in the barony of Panmure. It shows how land could be divided into “property” (direct possession) and “tenandry” (superiority over sub-tenants). Although the late David Fethie had previously sold (“alienated”) his ownership rights to James Guthrie, Fethie’s heirs still had to formally secure sasine from the Crown to clear the feudal chain of custody, requiring the payment of back-duties and relief.

Genealogical Significance:

• Location: Skechin (Skeichen), Barony of Panmure, Forfarshire (Angus).
• Identity and Status: James Guthrie is explicitly identified as a burgess of Edinburgh. This proves he was an established, high-status merchant or tradesman operating in the capital, yet investing his capital back into lands in Forfarshire (the traditional heartland of the Guthrie name).
• Land Ownership: James acquired three-eighths of the lands of Skechin directly (“in property”) via a sale from the late David Fethie, to be held in blench-farm (a nominal rent tenure).
• Familial Associations: His exact placement on the wider Guthrie family tree remains undetermined, though his acquisition of Forfarshire lands points to enduring regional ties.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• In Proprietate et Tenandria (In Property and Tenandry): A distinction where “property” refers to lands occupied directly by the owner, while “tenandry” refers to lands sublet to tenants, where the owner holds the feudal superiority and collects the rents.
• Burgensem (Burgess): A privileged citizen of a royal burgh (in this case, Edinburgh) possessing distinct trading, political, and property rights within the municipality.
• Libera Albafirma (Free Blench-Farm / White-Mail): A highly favorable form of land tenure where the vassal pays only a nominal annual rent (such as a penny, a peppercorn, or a pair of white spurs) if asked, signifying virtual ownership free of heavy financial burdens.
• Alienationem (Alienation): The formal, legal transfer of property ownership from one party to another.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XX, Page 527

Date:

1577–1578 (recording an ongoing transaction under the fiscal accounting year)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Alexander Guthrie (Alexander Guthre)

Role:

• Burgess of Elgin (burgenses de Elgin) appointed as a special sheriff in hac parte (in that part) to execute a royal commission.

Summary Transcription:

Vicecomes de Elgin et Fores necnon Willelmus Gadderer, Alexander Guthre, et magister Jacobus Gardin, burgenses de Elgin, vicecomites de Elgin et Fores in hac parte conjunctim et divisim, respondebunt pro £428 19s. 4d. de relevio omnium et singularum terrarum de Innes, terrarum dominicalium de Innes, cum turre, fortalicio earundem, terrarum de Brandistoun, Kempstoun, Corsky, Stanewellis, terrarum de Newtoun, terrarum de Spyislaw, dimedietatis terrarum de Wotterscott, terrarum de Sklentok, terrarum de Germauch, cum tenentibus, tenandriis, liberetenentium servitiis, partibus, pendiculis, et lie outsettis, omnium et singularum terrarum de Petgowne, Ovir Bairflathillis, Nethir Barflathillis nuncupatarum Kilbirnie, Cauldhame, et Burnehill, terrarum de Hauch de Bairflathillis, et Crancruik…

Modern English Translation:

The Sheriff of Elgin and Forres, and also William Gadderer, Alexander Guthrie, and Mr. James Gardin, burgesses of Elgin, sheriffs of Elgin and Forres in that part, jointly and severally, shall answer for £428 19s. 4d. for the relief of all and singular the lands of Innes, the demesne lands of Innes, with the tower and fortalice of the same, the lands of Brandston, Kempston, Corskie, Stonewells, the lands of Newton, the lands of Spieslaw, the half of the lands of Water-scott, the lands of Sklentok, the lands of Garmouth, with the tenants, tenandries, services of free tenants, parts, pendicles, and outsets, of all and singular the lands of Petgownie, Over Barflathills, Nether Barflathills called Kilbirnie, Cauldhame, and Brownhill, the lands of Haugh of Barflathills, and Crancruik…

Historical Significance:

This entry records the collection of “relief” (the feudal tax paid by an heir to enter into their inheritance) for the vast estates of the prominent Innes of that Ilk family in Morayshire. Because of the size and geographic spread of these holdings, the Crown bypassed or supplemented the standard sheriff by appointing a panel of prominent Elgin burgesses, including Alexander Guthrie, to act as special sheriff commissioners (vicecomites in hac parte) to secure the massive sum of £428 19s. 4d. for the Royal Exchequer.

Genealogical Significance:

• Location: Elgin and Forres, Morayshire.
• Identity and Status: Unlike the Forfarshire (Angus) Guthries, this Alexander Guthrie is established in the north as an influential merchant and burgess of the Royal Burgh of Elgin.
• Local Standing: His appointment alongside other prominent local figures to handle a major aristocratic transition (the Innes of Innes estates) demonstrates that this northern Guthrie branch held significant civic trust, legal capability, and high social standing.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices:

• Vicecomites in hac parte (Sheriffs in that part): Temporary sheriffs appointed by royal letters or commission to perform a specific legal task (such as giving sasine or collecting feudal dues on a designated estate), usually chosen for their local knowledge and neutrality.
• Conjunctim et Divisim (Jointly and Severally): A legal clause ensuring that any one of the appointed commissioners had the power to act alone to complete the duty, while still sharing collective legal responsibility.
• Relevio (Relief): A feudal casualty or fee paid to the superior (the King) by the heir of a deceased vassal to “relieve” or recover their lands from the superior’s hands.
• Lie Outsettis (Outsets): Land newly brought under cultivation, or new buildings erected on the periphery of an existing estate, which were included in the overall transfer of property.

Notes:

• Spelling Variation: This record utilizes the phonetic spelling Guthre, which was highly common during this period of Middle Scots legal writing.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XX, Page 538

Date: 24 March 1578/9

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Andrew Guthrie (Andree Guthrie)

Role:

• Recipient of sasine (feudal possession) for two distinct sections of the lands of Balnabreich.

Entry 1: The Shadow Half of the Western Half

Summary Transcription:

Forfar. Vicecomes respondebit pro £9 6s. 8d. per duplicationem feudifirme totius et integre umbralis dimedietatis occidentalis dimedietatis terrarum de Balnabreich, cum piscaria, pendiculis, ac tenentibus, tenandriis, et liberetenentium servitiis earundem, jacentis in dominio de Brechin infra balliam suam; regi debitis per sasinam datam Andree Guthrie. [Edinburgh, 24 March.]

Modern English Translation:

Forfar. The sheriff will answer for £9 6s. 8d. for the doubling of the feu-farm of all and whole the shadow half of the western half of the lands of Balnabreich, with the fishing, pendicles, and the tenants, tenandries, and services of the free tenants of the same, lying in the lordship of Brechin within his bailiwick; due to the king by sasine given to Andrew Guthrie. [At Edinburgh, 24 March 1578/9.]

Entry 2: The Newlands of Balnabreich

Summary Transcription:

Forfar. Vicecomes respondebit pro £5 5s. de feudifirmis totius et integre illius pecie terre vocate occidentalis dimedietatis terrarum de Balnabreich supra rupem ejusdem, nuncupate Newlandis de Balnabreich, cum pendiculis ejusdem, jacentis in dominio de Brechin infra balliam suam, existentis in manibus supremi domini nostri regis per spatium trium annorum et unius termini ultime elapsorum sasina non recuperata; et pro £3 per duplicationem feudifirme ejusdem; regi debitis per sasinam datam Andree Guthrie. [Edinburgh, 24 March.]

Modern English Translation:

Forfar. The sheriff will answer for £5 5s. for the feu-farm duties of all and whole that piece of land called the western half of the lands of Balnabreich above the bank of the same, commonly called Newlands of Balnabreich, with the pendicles of the same, lying in the lordship of Brechin within his bailiwick, being in the hands of our supreme lord the king for the space of three years and one term last past, sasine not recovered; and for £3 for the doubling of the feu-farm of the same; due to the king by sasine given to Andrew Guthrie. [At Edinburgh, 24 March 1578/9.]

Historical & Genealogical Significance

• Inheritance and Transition: These two entries document Andrew Guthrie taking official feudal possession of key family holdings in Balnabreich.
• The Lineage of the “Shadow Half”: On page 510, Alexander Guthrie received sasine of this exact property (the “shadow half of the western half”) in February 1576/7. Just two years later, in March 1578/9, Andrew Guthrie is receiving sasine for it. This rapid transition suggests that Alexander may have died shortly after taking possession, with Andrew entering as his heir.
• The Newlands Property: The second entry shows Andrew also securing the “Newlands of Balnabreich” (situated above the bank/cliff of the river). The text notes that these lands had been in the King’s hands for three years and one term (three and a half years) due to sasine not being recovered. This time frame points back to late 1575, further highlighting a period of family transition or probate delays during the mid-1570s.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Supra Rupem (Above the Bank/Cliff): A descriptive topographical marker in Latin deeds (rupes meaning cliff, rock, or steep riverbank) used to precisely isolate this elevated parcel of Balnabreich from the lower water-adjacent lands.
• Newlandis (Newlands): A term common in Scottish land records denoting newly reclaimed, cleared, or cultivated agricultural ground that was separate from the older, traditional arable fields.
• Trium Annorum et Unius Termini (Three Years and One Term): A “term” in Scottish legal accounting refers to a half-year (usually Whitsunday or Martinmas). Therefore, this represents a period of exactly three and a half years where the property’s revenues were collected by the Crown because no heir had formally stepped forward to claim the title.

VOLUME XXI: 1580 – 1588

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XXI, Page 280

Date:

13 July 1586 (covering the accounting period from 21 August 1585 to 13 July 1586)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• James Guthrie (Jacobum Guthrie)

Role:

• Acting representative/agent (nomine eorundem — “in their name”) rendering the official financial account on behalf of the bailies of the Royal Burgh of Montrose.

Summary Transcription:

Montrois. Computum ballivorum burgi de Montrois, redditum per Jacobum Guthrie, nomine eorundem, [Edinburgh, 13 July 1586, from 21 August 1585.

Charge. £16, burgh fermes by feu-charter.

Discharge. To abbot of Jedburgh, prior and convent of Restenneth, 52s. To bishop of Brechin, £12 5s. 8d. [lege £12 5s. 4d.]. To comptroller, 22s. 8d. Sum, £16.]

Modern English Translation:

Montrose. Account of the bailies of the burgh of Montrose, rendered by James Guthrie, in their name, [at Edinburgh, 13 July 1586, from 21 August 1585.

Charge: £16 for the burgh revenues (fermes) held by feu-charter.

Discharge (Payments made): To the abbot of Jedburgh, and the prior and convent of Restenneth, 52 shillings. To the bishop of Brechin, £12, 5 shillings, and 8 pence [read: £12, 5s. 4d.]. To the comptroller, 22 shillings and 8 pence. Sum, £16.]

Historical Significance

The “discharge” portion of the entry illustrates how early modern Scottish burgh taxes were distributed. Rather than all the municipal tax revenue going directly to the King, chunks of the £16 “burgh fermes” (annual rents/taxes due to the crown) were pre-allocated to church establishments under ancient grant rights. Specifically, the Priory of Restenneth (historically connected to Jedburgh Abbey) and the Bishopric of Brechin held the rights to draw local ecclesiastical revenues from the Angus region.

Genealogical Significance

This entry firmly places James Guthrie in a position of high civic and legal responsibility representing the coastal Royal Burgh of Montrose in Angus (Forfarshire). To travel to the Court of Exchequer at Edinburgh and present the official financial accounts (computum) of a major trading burgh required a trusted representative of high standing. This indicates James was likely a prominent merchant, burgess, or legal official (such as a town clerk or bailie) within Montrose.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

Lege (Read / Correct to): A Latin editorial note added by the volume’s transcriber (George Powell McNeill) pointing out an arithmetic error in the original manuscript. The scribe wrote “8d” (8 pence), but the math required it to be “4d” (4 pence) to perfectly balance the discharge to exactly £16.

Computum (Account): The formal written statement of debits, credits, and balances presented annually to the Lords Auditors of the Exchequer.

Nomine Eorundem (In Their Name): Signifies that while the bailies of Montrose were legally responsible for presenting the account, they appointed James Guthrie as their attorney or deputy to physically travel to Edinburgh, present the figures, and settle the ledger.

Burgh Fermes (Burgh Mail/Rents): The fixed annual sum paid by a Royal Burgh to the Crown in exchange for its trading privileges and municipal independence, as detailed in its original founding charter.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XXI, Page 299

Date:

20 July 1587 (covering the accounting period from 13 July 1586 to 20 July 1587)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• James Guthrie (Jacobum Guthrie)

Role:

• Acting representative/agent (nomine eorundem) rendering the annual financial account on behalf of the bailies of the Royal Burgh of Montrose.

Summary Transcription:

Montrois. Computum ballivorum burgi de Montrois, redditum per Jacobum Guthrie, nomine eorundem, [Edinburgh, 20 July 1587, from 13 July 1586.

Charge. £16, burgh fermes by feu-charter.

Discharge. To abbot of Jedburgh, prior and convent of Restenneth, 52s. To bishop of Brechin, £12 5s. 8d. [lege £12 5s. 4d.]. To comptroller, John Fentoun witnessing payment, 22s. 8d. [Sum, £16].]

Modern English Translation:

Montrose. Account of the bailies of the burgh of Montrose, rendered by James Guthrie, in their name, [at Edinburgh, 20 July 1587, from 13 July 1586.

Charge: £16 for the burgh revenues (fermes) held by feu-charter.

Discharge (Payments made): To the abbot of Jedburgh, and the prior and convent of Restenneth, 52 shillings. To the bishop of Brechin, £12, 5 shillings, and 8 pence [read: £12, 5s. 4d.]. To the comptroller, with John Fentoun witnessing the payment, 22 shillings and 8 pence. Sum, £16.]

Historical Significance

This entry shows the financial continuity of the Royal Burgh of Montrose’s obligations. While the figures and ecclesiastical recipients (the Priory of Restenneth and the Bishop of Brechin) remain identical to the previous year, this record introduces a specific historical actor: John Fentoun. Named as witnessing the payment to the comptroller, Fentoun was a known clerk of the clerk-register and keeper of the comptroller’s register during this period, offering a vivid glimpse into the physical bureaucracy of the Edinburgh Court of Exchequer.

Genealogical Significance

This record confirms that James Guthrie’s appointment in 1586 was not a one-off occurrence. By rendering the account again in July 1587, James is established as a regular, trusted agent for the burgh of Montrose. This multi-year tenure strongly reinforces the theory that he held a formal, long-term civic office in the burgh—such as common clerk, treasurer, or primary bailie—requiring annual travel to Edinburgh to interface with national treasury officials.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Witnessing Payment: The explicit naming of a witness (witnessing payment) for the hand-off of the remaining 22 shillings and 8 pence to the comptroller served as a vital legal safeguard, protecting both James Guthrie and the burgh of Montrose from future claims of unpaid crown arrears.
• Feu-Charter: A perpetual lease of land or burghal rights in exchange for a fixed annual payment (the “charge” of £16), which insulated the burgh from arbitrary tax increases by the crown.
• Lege (Read / Correct to): Once again, the editor notes the persistent 4-pence calculation discrepancy in the original scribe’s ledger, which was carried over or repeated from the prior year’s accounting template.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XXI, Page 357

Date:

Term of Martinmas, 1588

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Marion Guthrie (Marioun Guthrie)

Role:

• Liferenter of the lands of Lochhill (Lochhill pertenyng in lyifrent to Marioun Guthrie)

Summary Transcription:

Item for the maillis of Lockhill pertenyng in lyifrent to Marioun Guthrie, spous to Maister Jhon Lindsye, and that of thrie yeris immediatlie preceding Martimes, ane thowsand fyve hundreth four scoir aucht, £40.

Modern English Translation:

Item for the rents (maillis) of Lochhill, pertaining in liferent to Marion Guthrie, spouse to Master John Lindsay, and that for the three years immediately preceding Martinmas, 1588, £40.

Historical Significance

This entry highlights the mechanisms of liferent tenure in late 16th-century Scotland, where specific land revenues were legally reserved for the lifetime support of an individual—in this case, Marion Guthrie. The designation of these lands as “pertaining in liferent” ensured that Marion retained the income from the croft/lands of Lochhill regardless of other property transitions, specifically noting her status as the wife of Master John Lindsay.

Genealogical Significance

This record provides a vital link for the Guthrie family genealogy, explicitly identifying Marion Guthrie as the spouse of Master John Lindsay. The inclusion of the “three years preceding Martinmas 1588” indicates that Marion held this liferent interest continuously from at least 1585, establishing a clear timeframe for her residence or legal interest in the Lochhill property.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Maillis (Mails): The rents or annual payments due from land or property.
• Liferent: A legal right to use and enjoy the profits or rents of property during one’s lifetime, without the right to alienate or sell the capital asset itself.
• Martinmas: One of the traditional Scottish “quarter days” (November 11th), often used as the deadline for settling annual rents and financial accounts.
• Master (Maister): A title in this period typically denoting a university graduate, elevating John Lindsay’s status within the professional or clerical classes of the time.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XXI, Page 411

Date:

1588 (covering the current accounting period)

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Marion Guthrie (Marioun Guthre)

Role:

• Liferenter of the lands of Lochill (landis of Lochill, pertenyng in lyfrent to Marioun Guthre)

Summary Transcription:

Item remittit and dischargit to Maister Jhon Lyndsye, parsoun of Menmur, at the kingis grace his speciall command, and that for his attendens and avayting upoun the chekker this present yeir, the maillis of the landis of Lochill, pertenyng in lyfrent to Marioun Guthre, his spous, and that by the spaice of thrie yeiris befoir chargit, extending to £40.

Modern English Translation:

Item, remitted and discharged to Master John Lindsay, parson of Menmuir, at the King’s grace’s special command, and that for his attendance and waiting upon the Exchequer this present year, the rents (maillis) of the lands of Lochill, pertaining in liferent to Marion Guthrie, his spouse, and that for the space of three years before charged, extending to £40.

Historical Significance

This entry demonstrates the King’s exercise of special authority to grant financial remissions as rewards for state service. By discharging the rent owed by Master John Lindsay—the parson of Menmuir—for his service to the Exchequer, the King essentially converted the liferent income of Marion Guthrie into a state-sanctioned payment for her husband’s attendance at the court.

Genealogical Significance

This document reinforces the marital connection between Marion Guthrie and Master John Lindsay, confirming her ongoing liferent status concerning the lands of Lochill. The reference to the “space of three years” suggests a recurring legal interest in these specific lands, aligning with the earlier documentation of this liferent.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Remittit and Dischargit: A legal action where a debt or obligation—in this case, the rent for the lands of Lochill—is cancelled or forgiven by the Crown.
• Parsoun of Menmur: Master John Lindsay is identified as the Parson of Menmuir, a clerical office that also positioned him within the professional administrative circle of the Exchequer.
• Kingis Grace his speciall command: A royal prerogative allowing the monarch to bypass standard accounting procedures to reward specific individuals, often those performing advisory or administrative functions for the state.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XXI, Page 453

Date: 2 May 1581

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• John Guthrie (Joanni Guthrie)

Role:

• Recipient of sasine (sasinam datam Joanni Guthrie) for the lands of Cuikstoun.

Summary Transcription: Vicecomes respondebit pro 2d. per duplicationem albefirme totarum Forfare et integrarum terrarum de Cuikstoun, jacentium in dominio de Brechin infra balliam suam, regi debitis per sasinam datam Joanni Guthrie. [Edinburgh, 2 May.]

Modern English Translation: The Sheriff shall answer for 2 pence by the duplication of the blench-farm of the whole of Forfar and the entire lands of Cuikstoun, lying in the lordship of Brechin within his bailiwick, owed to the King by the sasine given to John Guthrie. [Edinburgh, 2 May.]

Historical Significance The entry documents the formal transfer of lands through the feudal process of sasine, where the Crown acknowledges the change in possession and the resulting financial obligation. The payment of “2 pence” represents the duplication of the blench-farm, a nominal fee paid upon the entry of a new heir or holder to lands held by blench tenure, signifying the confirmation of the Crown’s superior interest.

Genealogical Significance This entry explicitly identifies John Guthrie as the recipient of sasine for the lands of Cuikstoun, located within the lordship of Brechin. This establishes his legal possession of these specific lands during the year 1581 and serves as a record of his formal entry into the feudal landholding structure of the region.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Vicecomes (Sheriff): The royal officer responsible for the administration of the sheriffdom and the collection of crown debts within his jurisdiction.
• Sasine: The formal legal ceremony of delivering possession of land, which was recorded in the Exchequer rolls to ensure the crown received its proper entry dues.
• Albefirma (Blench-farm): A form of land tenure where the rent due is nominal, often a token payment like a penny or a rose, intended to acknowledge the superiority of the grantor over the vassal.
• Balliam (Bailiwick): The geographical district under the jurisdiction and administration of a specific bailie or sheriff.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XXI, Page 454

Date:

5 June 1581

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Marion Guthrie (Mariote Guthrie)

Role:

• Liferenter of the lands of Lochhill (reservato tamen vitali redditu earundem Mariote Guthrie)

Summary Transcription:

Haddingtoun. Vicecomes de Edinburgh infra constabulariam de Hadingtoun respondebit pro £6 13s. 4d. de feudifirmis totarum et integrarum terrarum quarte partis terrarum dominicalium de Ballincreif, Lochhill nuncupatarum… reservato tamen vitali redditu earundem Mariote Guthrie, sponse quondam magistri Davidis Borthuik de Lochhill, pro omnibus sue vite diebus; regi debitis per sasinam datam magistro Jacobo Borthuik. [Edinburgh, 5 June.]

Modern English Translation:

Haddington. The Sheriff of Edinburgh within the constabulary of Haddington shall answer for £6 13s. 4d. of the feu-fermes of all and whole the lands of the fourth part of the mains lands of Ballencrieff, called Lochhill, lying within his bailiwick, being in the hands of our supreme lord the King for the term of Pentecost last past because sasine was not recovered; and for £26 13s. 4d. for the duplication of the feu-ferme of the same, reserved however the liferent of the same to Marion Guthrie, spouse of the late Master David Borthwick of Lochhill, for all the days of her life; owed to the King by the sasine given to Master James Borthwick. [Edinburgh, 5 June.]

Historical Significance

This entry documents a “non-entry” period, where the Crown took control of lands because the legal heir had not yet claimed them (sasina non recuperata). It clarifies that while ownership of the lands was passing to Master James Borthwick, the liferent interest of the widow, Marion Guthrie, remained legally protected and exempt from the Crown’s claim.

Genealogical Significance

This provides a specific connection for Marion Guthrie, identifying her as the widow of Master David Borthwick of Lochhill. This links her to the Borthwick family estate, further clarifying her legal claim to the liferent income from the Lochhill lands that we have seen referenced in later records from 1588.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Constabulary of Haddington: A subdivision of the sheriffdom of Edinburgh, indicating the specific jurisdiction where these lands were situated.
• Feudifirmis (Feu-fermes): The annual rent paid to the superior (the King) for the possession of lands held under a feu-charter.
• Vitali Redditu (Liferent): The reserved right for Marion Guthrie to continue receiving the income from these lands for the duration of her life, effectively a legal “carve-out” from the primary property rights.
• Non-entry: The state of lands reverting to the Crown after the death of a vassal, lasting until the heir (in this case, James Borthwick) pays the necessary duties and takes formal possession (sasine).

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XXI, Page 462

Date:

8 December 1581

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Marion Guthrie (Mariote Guthrie)

Role:

• Holder of the free tenement or liferent of the lands and coal mill of Balcarras (salvo tamen et reservato liberotenemento sive vitali redditu dictarum terrarum et molendini carbonarii earundem Mariote Guthrie).

Summary Transcription:

Fyff. Vicecomes respondebit pro £51 7s. 2d. monete, 2 celdris 11 bollis 6 peccis tritici, 5 celdris 6 firlotis ordei, 96 caponibus, et 96 pultriis per duplicationem feudifirme totarum et integrarum terrarum de Balcarras, cum molendino carbonario earundem, jacentium infra balliam suam, regi debitis per sasinam datam magistro Jacobo Borthuik, salvo tamen et reservato liberotenemento sive vitali redditu dictarum terrarum et molendini carbonarii earundem Mariote Guthrie, sponse quondam magistri Davidis Borthuik de Lochhill, patris dicti magistri Jacobi, pro omnibus sue vite diebus. [Edinburgh, 8 December.]

Modern English Translation:

Fife. The Sheriff shall answer for £51 7s. 2d. of money, 2 chalder 11 bolls 6 pecks of wheat, 5 chalder 6 firlots of barley, 96 capons, and 96 poultry by the duplication of the feu-ferme of all and whole the lands of Balcarras, with the coal mill of the same, lying within his bailiwick, owed to the King by the sasine given to Master James Borthwick, saving however and reserving the free tenement or liferent of the said lands and coal mill of the same to Marion Guthrie, spouse of the late Master David Borthwick of Lochhill, father of the said Master James, for all the days of her life. [Edinburgh, 8 December.]

Historical Significance

This entry demonstrates the substantial economic value of Balcarras, which included not only agricultural lands but also industrial assets like a “coal mill” (molendino carbonario). The requirement for the heir, Master James Borthwick, to pay duties in both cash and a significant quantity of grain and poultry highlights the mixed nature of feudal “feu-ferme” payments, which were designed to provide the Crown with both liquid capital and provisions.

Genealogical Significance

This document further solidifies the family structure surrounding Marion Guthrie: it explicitly identifies her late husband, Master David Borthwick of Lochhill, as the father of Master James Borthwick, the heir entering into the Balcarras estate. It also establishes that her liferent rights extended beyond the lands of Lochhill to include Balcarras, indicating her marital interest in the family’s broader property holdings.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Liberotenemento (Free Tenement): A legal status granting a person the right to possess and receive the profits from land for a fixed term, typically for life, separate from the ultimate ownership.
• Feudifirme (Feu-ferme): A system of land tenure where land was granted in exchange for a fixed annual payment, making it a highly secure form of tenure.
• Duplication of Feu-ferme: An additional payment equal to one year’s rent, which was typically due to the superior upon the entry of a new heir to the property.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XXI, pp. 585–586

Date:

24 July 1584

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Patrick Guthrie (Patricium Guthrie)

Role:

• Tenant of Thomas Tait of Adamhill (tenants of Thomas Tait of Adamhill)

Summary Transcription:

Vigesimo quarto Julii, 1584. [Caution by Robert Dalgleish, burgess of Edinburgh, for Patrick Guthrie, George Morton, John Reid, and John Tunnock, tenants of Thomas Tait of Adamhill, for payment to the provost and bailies of Edinburgh, as factors of the fruits and duties of the abbacy of Paisley, of 4 bolls bear, for the teind-bear of the said lands of Adamhill, part of the fruits of the said abbacy for crop and year 1583…]

Modern English Translation:

24 July 1584. [Caution by Robert Dalgleish, burgess of Edinburgh, for Patrick Guthrie, George Morton, John Reid, and John Tunnock, tenants of Thomas Tait of Adamhill, for payment to the provost and bailies of Edinburgh, as factors of the fruits and duties of the abbacy of Paisley, of 4 bolls of barley, for the teind-barley of the said lands of Adamhill, part of the fruits of the said abbacy for the crop and year 1583…]

Historical Significance

This entry illustrates the complex bureaucratic nature of collecting church revenues during the post-Reformation period in Scotland. The Provost and Bailies of Edinburgh were acting as “factors” (administrators) over the properties of the Abbacy of Paisley, requiring tenants—including Patrick Guthrie—to provide security (caution) for the delivery of agricultural produce (teind-bear) owed to the abbacy.

Genealogical Significance

This record identifies Patrick Guthrie as a tenant farmer on the lands of Adamhill in 1584. His inclusion in a legal caution alongside other tenants indicates his status as a working member of the local agrarian community under the landlord Thomas Tait of Adamhill.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Caution: A form of legal security or bond provided by a third party (in this case, Robert Dalgleish, a burgess of Edinburgh) to guarantee that an obligation—such as the payment of rent or taxes—will be met.
• Teind-bear (Teind-barley): A “teind” was a tenth part of agricultural produce traditionally owed to the church; “bear” is a type of coarse barley used in medieval Scotland.
• Horning upon six days charge: A legal process where an individual failing to meet a debt could be declared an outlaw (“put to the horn”) if they did not comply within a six-day notice period.

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XXI, Page 603

Date:

27 November 1584

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• John Yathrie (likely a phonetic transcription or variant spelling of John Guthrie)

Role:

• Intromitter (intromitters with the teinds and teind-sheaves)—a legal term for someone in possession of, or dealing with, the crops or teinds (tithes) of the parish of Lanark.

Summary Transcription:

…John Livingstone of Greenyards… John Gillespie, wedow Bowie, James Steven, Thomas Gillespie, John Yathrie, Patrick Downie, John Russell… intromitters with the teinds and teind-sheaves of the parochin of Lanark…

Modern English Translation:

…John Livingstone of Greenyards… John Gillespie, the widow Bowie, James Steven, Thomas Gillespie, John Guthrie, Patrick Downie, John Russell… [among those] who are intromitters with the teinds and teind-sheaves of the parish of Lanark, who having been charged by four several parties… to pay the said teinds… have suspended said charge…

Historical Significance

This entry captures a moment of legal gridlock in the parish of Lanark, where multiple competing parties (James Hamilton of Liberton, William Stewart of Caverstoun, Nicol Coupland, and William Stewart of Munktoun) all simultaneously laid claim to the parish’s teinds. This forced the local producers and “intromitters” like John Guthrie to formally suspend payment to any single party until the Lords Auditors could determine the legally entitled collector, highlighting the instability and complexity of post-Reformation church revenue collection.

Genealogical Significance

The entry lists “John Yathrie” in a string of other local residents and tenants of Lanark. Given the phonetic evolution of Scottish surnames in legal documents of this era, “Yathrie” is a common variant for Guthrie. This places an individual of this name as a local agricultural stakeholder in Lanarkshire in 1584, likely involved in the management or processing of parish teinds.

Legal Terms and Scottish Practices

• Intromitter: A person who takes possession of, or deals with, the goods or property of another (often used in the context of someone handling agricultural produce subject to a claim).
• Teind-sheaves: The portion of the grain harvest due to the church or the titular holder of the teinds.
• Suspended said charge: A legal maneuver to halt a collection order (the “charge”) until a court (the Lords Auditors) could resolve a dispute between competing claimants.
• Horning: The legal process of declaring someone a rebel/outlaw for failure to pay; the entry notes the “suspension” of this threat, meaning the Guthrie individual and others were temporarily protected from such proceedings while the court reviewed their case.

VOLUME XXII: 1589 – 1594

The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Vol. XXII, Page 26

Date: 1589

Guthrie(s) Identified:

• Marion Guthrie (Marioun Guthrie)

Role:

• Liferenter of the lands of Lochhill (pertening in lifrent to Marioun Guthrie)

Summary Transcription: Item for the mailis of that portioun of the landis of Ballincreif callit Lochhill pertening in lifrent to Marioun Guthrie, spous to Maister Johnne Lindsay, and that of the saidis tua termes, £13 6s. 8d.

Modern English Translation: Item for the rents (mailis) of that portion of the lands of Ballencrieff called Lochhill, pertaining in liferent to Marion Guthrie, spouse to Master John Lindsay, and that of the said two terms, £13 6s. 8d.

Historical Significance

• This entry documents the ongoing payment of rents (mailis) for the lands of Lochhill during the year 1589.